Information Technology's Role in Business: A Tesco Case Study Analysis

This report provides a comprehensive analysis of the role of Information Technology (IT) in business, using Tesco as a case study. It explores how IT contributes to both the success and failure of businesses, highlighting areas such as enhanced productivity, digital marketing, and improved decision-making. The report also addresses ethical and social issues related to IT, including privacy concerns and the potential for misuse of information. Furthermore, it compares different types of networks (LAN, MAN, WAN) and discusses the importance of the internet and intranet for business operations, emphasizing their roles in communication, resource sharing, and customer engagement. Finally, the report touches upon the system development cycle, ensuring high-quality systems to meet customer expectations. The report concludes that the effective utilization of IT is crucial for Tesco to maintain its competitive edge, foster business growth, and address the challenges associated with the digital landscape.

Introduction to Information
Technology
1

INTRODUCTION...........................................................................................................................3
TASK...............................................................................................................................................3
Role of Information Technology in success and failure of business......................................3
Ethical and social issues related with TESCO.......................................................................4
Compare different types of networks.....................................................................................5
Importance of internet and intranet in business......................................................................6
System development cycle.....................................................................................................7
CONCLUSION................................................................................................................................7
REFERENCES................................................................................................................................8
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INTRODUCTION
Information technology is defined as the use of system, especially telecommunication and
computers for the purpose of store retrieve and send information. IT include the form of
technology which is being used to create, exchange, store and effectively utilise information in
different type of forms (Lloyd, 2020). Information technology involves hardware, software,
transformation of data and telecommunication in order to provide communication in effective
manner. Present report has been conducted on Tesco which is operating their services in
industrial sector in retailing sector. Being a leading organisation company required effectively
undertake use of information technology in order to effectively manage all the functions in retail
sector in effective manner. Present report includes discussion of information technology in
success and failure of business along with the ethical as well as social issues related to
companies. In addition to this comparison of different type of networks, system development
cycle and importance of internet and intranet in business is also discussed in this report.
TASK
Role of Information Technology in success and failure of business
Information Technology foster innovation in an organisation, it enhance quality of
business operations and maximize its value. In addition to this it has been identified that the most
important roles that information technology is having in success of a business is that it duly
enhances productivity and strengthens different operations of business like HR, finance, sales
communication and more (Hernandez, 2020). In context with Tesco it has been identified that
with the use of information Technology Company can assure growth from online shopping with
the use of internet. In addition to this digital marketing is also one of the most important and
essential form of Information Technology through which organisation can maximize its overall
productivity and profitability. Information technology allows business to undertake better
decisions with the help of solid market research. n addition to this with the use of Information
Technology business can engage team via video conferencing and can review public sentiment
on industry forums and social media with the help of online social survey. In this company can
undertake advantage of tools like Google Analytics and Microsoft CRM dynamics. Along with
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this has been identified that the major role of IT in success of business is that it improve
marketing with the use of online advertisement methods like Facebook, SEO PPC Tesco can find
more accurate ways as compared to traditional marketing in order to include its target market
buying behaviour. Furthermore, according to the discussion it has been evaluated that
Information Technology allow company to enhance consumer support in this Tesco can take use
of multiple channels like social media platform, telephone, emails and more in order to develop
consumer relationship in order to understand their behaviour in an effective manner. Along with
it has been identified that Information Technology has improved resource management, as it has
been identified that Tesco is operating their business on a large scale thus with the help of cloud
computing company can effectively facilitate their employees to use any device anywhere in the
world, as being a leading and multinational organisation Tesco perform that operations at
different geographical location thus with the help of this method of Information Technology
Tesco can enhance their profitability while fostering business growth in a well define an
effective manner. However it has been evaluated that in this modern period negligence of
Information Technology will lead failure of business in terms of low competitive growth, low
productivity, lower profit reserve and lack of consumer attention towards organisational
offerings.
Ethical and social issues related with TESCO
There is different type of issues associated with in this industry in context of Information
Technology. However it has been evaluated that information technology play most important and
significant role in an organisation through which company can easily conduct their business
operations with more innovation and effectiveness (Savoli, Barki and Paré, 2020). However it
has been evaluated that there are some certain form of elements that lead to breach of
Information Technology that can be consider as an illustration that can further considered into
social as well as ethical issues. In terms with ethical issues it is related to privacy, as information
is stolen by intruder that can be any individual or competitors for their personal benefits can
negatively affect profitability and sustainability of business. In this information that an
organisation store of customers, stakeholders and most important information can put at high risk
stake. This can not only negatively affect business brand image with can also affect profitability
of Tesco. While in context with social issues it has been identified as an example that can be
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taken like defamation of individual or organisation (Asongu and Odhiambo, 2020). In this it has
been identified that as to develop organisation negative impact in marketplace intruder can post
irrelevant news or message on different platforms like Facebook, Twitter and other social media.
This can lead organisation bad relation shape with public ally. However it is essential Tesco to
overcome and develop strategies to face these issues. In this it is essential for Tesco to have
strong and secure system with the help of different Information Technology software and have
regular check and review of that social media accounts and other websites company. It is also
required for company to undertake advantage of effective risk management; security and control
system in order overcome the social as well as ethical issues.
Compare different types of networks.
Network is defined as a block of two or more then devices that can communicate, it mainly
involved different type of computer system that are duly connected by physical as well as
wireless connection. With the help of this management of Tesco scan advantage of networks for
communication between different departments within an organisation workplace with the use
devices by instant messaging, chatrooms, emails etc. In addition to this with the help of various
forms of networks WAN (Wide Area Network), LAN (Local Area Network), VPN (Virtual
Private Network) MAN (Metropolitan Area Network) and more through which TESCO share
store devices with the help of shared information and information (Qureshi, Boyer and
Wickramasinghe, 2020). It has been identified that there are various forms of networks that allow
companies to effectively perform their roles and responsibilities.
LAN: It effectively connect various form of network devices in order to make sure that
program information and tools can be effectively shared among personal computers and work
stations. In this connection is mainly established with the help of stack of switches. With the help
of LAN management of Tesco can communicate between different departments in same
workplace micelles in effective manner.
MAN: In this computers and workstations are connected that cover large area as
compared to LAN. It extends over city, with the assistance of MAN Tesco management can take
advantage of network of communication between different stores which is present in the same
city with the use of single cable or large network.
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WAN: In this network extended in large geographical area that can be worldwide or
within country. In this connection is being established the use of telephone line, radio waves and
satellite. However, this is expensive but effectively provides high speed. With the use of WAN
Tesco management can effectively share information and resources in different outlets present
around the globe in effective manner.
Difference between LAN, MAN, WAN
Basis LAN MAN WAN
What it is Systems are present
close to each other
either within building
or office.
These are large
networks which
connect different
organisation.
In this two or more
LANs are connected to
cover large
geographical area.
Distance covered It covers around 2500
meters or 2 miles
It is limited to around
200 km or 100 miles.
It has unlimited range
but normally around
1000 km but for
extension of range
connectivity devices
are used.
Speed Speed is high as small
number of systems are
connected. It is around
1000, 100 and 10
Mbps.
In this also speed is
high, typically it
ranges around 100
Mbps.
Its speed is slow as
large number of
systems are connected
and depends on
wireless technologies
which are being used.
Usually it is 1.5 Mbps.
Technologies used Wireless (like Zigbee, It is based on common They are either locally
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WLAN), twisted pair,
locally installed and
fiber optic cable.
carrier like fiber optic
cable, twisted pair or
they are locally
installed.
installed or use
common carrier like
coaxial cables, fiber,
twisted pair cables,
wireless or cellular
network.
Importance of internet and intranet in business
Internet and internet both act as a useful tool for a business organisation and play important
role for their business operations. It has been identified that key benefit associated to internet is
that it provide better internal communication through which company can have a central place in
order to store all documents of company in up-to-date manner, this can be easily accessed by any
individual of team. Furthermore, it has been identified that with the help of this company can
ensure that staff turnover does not affect access to knowledge. It play most important tool
through which information can easily find by employees that are required by them in order to
effectively perform their job (Turgunova and Turgunov, 2020). It has been identified that
intranet is a private online network through which business organisation like Tesco can have
access of information to members within organisations. Main purpose associated with Intranet is
that it provides employees with the resources, information and collaboration of tools that are
required by them in order to perform their roles and responsibilities in a well-defined an effective
manner. TESCO perform the operation of the multinational and leading organisation and have
number of stores in different geographical place around the world. Thus, with the use of intranet
company can easily share information have strong knowledge management, improve
collaboration and feedback create engaging content and can effectively build transparent culture
(Chege, Wang and Suntu, 2020). With the help of intranet company can connect people around
the world and can be work easier in an effective manner. With the help of good internet Tesco
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can solve communication problem and can develop bridge that connect team individual
centralise information source and can effectively improve workflow in an effective manner.
While if it is talked about Internet, it help complete effectively build strong communication
with customers. It is one of the most important aspects of an organisation for their success
internet allows company to connect with customers through different communication channel
and build a strong network (Logan, 2020). With the use of Internet Company can get new
customers and can effectively retain existing one. It is essential tool for an organisation through
which company can interact with employees regarding various business related issues and can
respond to their queries in effective time period. Internet is one of the most important aspects for
an organisation as it allows individuals to improve quality of their life. Thus, does according to
the aforementioned evaluation it has been identified that both internet and intranet play important
role for an organisation through which Tesco can effectively conduct that is used operations in a
well defined and effective manner (Rainer and et. al., 2020). Furthermore, it has been evaluated
that with the use of strong internet and intranet tools and techniques Tesco can develop or
strength and relationship with both employees and customers in a well defined and effective
manner. It allows company to ensure long-term sustainability and enhance profitability at great
extent and respected industry.
System development cycle
System development cycle is result in high quality systems through which business
organisation can effectively meet expectation of customers and can perform their business
operations in a cost effective and efficient manner. System development cycle is defined as a
model that involves procedure and policies to develop or alter system. There are different cycles
there are many different type of cycles involve in system development life cycle model that
involve different phases that are planning, analysis, designing, implementing and maintenance.
In terms with planning it has been identified that in which business organisation define the
problem in existing system and effectively overview new system to accomplish objectives.
While in terms with analysis Phase Company gather analyse and validate the information and it
remained different alternatives according to the priority (Khosravi and et. al., 2020). On the other
hand in context with system design in this company engage in the process of designing of
application, database network user interference and system interference. In this company create
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contingency maintenance training and operation plans and finally prepare design document. In
process of implementing company implement design in to secure code through coding and
effectively combine all the models into training environment in order to integrate information
system and install the new system within an organisation. Lastly, in the process of maintenance
organisation engage in the process of activities such as physical onsite support of phone support
for users company implement the changes and handle errors while overcoming issues in an
effective manner. This stage plays most important role through which company accomplish their
objectives in effective manner in order to effectively accomplish this operation system. In this
system analyst play an important role they are defined as a individual who are effectively aware
of the system and effectively guides the system development project by providing efficient
directions (Shelby, 2020). They are having effective technical as well as interpersonal skills
through which they accomplish all the stages of system development cycle in a well defined and
effective manner. With the help of this series of 6 important phases company can effectively
accomplish their business operation and meet expectations of customers in a well defined and
effective manner.
CONCLUSION
According to the above mentioned about it has been concluded that the information
technology play most important role that foster innovation in business by improving data storage,
smarter app, faster information distribution and faster processing. With the help of the
technology business organisation can not only enhance their value but can also maximize quality
and can boost productivity in a well defined and effective manner. With the help of information
technology business organisations can take advantage of different type of factors and can ensure
more efficient business operations. In addition to others with the help of software like SQL
(Structured query language) database and Sage business organisation can effectively conduct
operations with the use of internet and can maximize their growth.
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REFERENCES
Books and Journals
Lloyd, I., 2020. Information technology law. Oxford University Press.
Rainer, R.K and et. al., 2020. Introduction to information systems. John Wiley & Sons.
Chege, S.M., Wang, D. and Suntu, S.L., 2020. Impact of information technology innovation on
firm performance in Kenya. Information Technology for Development, 26(2), pp.316-
345.
Asongu, S.A. and Odhiambo, N.M., 2020. Foreign direct investment, information technology
and economic growth dynamics in Sub-Saharan Africa. Telecommunications
Policy, 44(1), p.101838.
Savoli, A., Barki, H. and Paré, G., 2020. EXAMINING HOW CHRONICALLY ILL
PATIENTS'REACTIONS TO AND EFFECTIVE USE OF INFORMATION
TECHNOLOGY CAN INFLUENCE HOW WELL THEY SELF-MANAGE THEIR
ILLNESS. MIS Quarterly, 44(1).
Logan, P.Y., 2020. Crafting an undergraduate information security emphasis within information
technology. Journal of Information Systems Education, 13(3), p.3.
Turgunova, F.M. and Turgunov, N.A., 2020. INTRODUCTION OF INFORMATION
TECHNOLOGIES IN THE EDUCATIONAL PROCESS. Вопросы педагогики, (2-1),
pp.14-16.
Koong, K.S., Liu, L.C. and Liu, X., 2020. A study of the demand for information technology
professionals in selected internet job portals. Journal of Information Systems
Education, 13(1), p.4.
Bergeron, F., Croteau, A.M., Uwizeyemungu, S. and Raymond, L., 2020. A framework for
research on information technology governance in SMEs. In Start-Ups and SMEs:
Concepts, Methodologies, Tools, and Applications (pp. 1567-1588). IGI Global.
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Hernandez, A.A., 2020. Exploring the Factors to Green IT Adoption of SMEs in the
Philippines. In Start-Ups and SMEs: Concepts, Methodologies, Tools, and
Applications (pp. 907-926). IGI Global.
Qureshi, S., Boyer, E. and Wickramasinghe, N., 2020. Introduction to the Minitrack on
Information Technology Innovations to Overcome Health Disparities.
Khosravi, S and et. al., 2020. Evaluating the efficiency of health information technology
departments of Iranian medical universities using data envelopment analysis during
2011. Interdisciplinary Journal of Virtual Learning in Medical Sciences, 5(1), pp.26-32.
Shelby, J.E., 2020. Introduction to glass science and technology. Royal society of chemistry.
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