Information Technology: Role, Networking, and Ethical Considerations

This report delves into the multifaceted role of Information Technology (IT) in contemporary business environments. It begins with an introduction to IT, its applications, and the crucial role it plays in the modern service sector, particularly within the hospitality industry, using Claridge's hotel as an example. The report outlines the core components of a communication model and explores various networking technologies such as Local Area Networks (LAN), Metropolitan Area Networks (MAN), and Wide Area Networks (WAN), comparing their characteristics, ownership, propagation delays, fault tolerance, speed, maintenance, and applications. Furthermore, the report addresses the benefits of IT, including globalization, integration, social media, and mobility, while also highlighting the ethical and social issues associated with technology, such as hacking, content concerns, security breaches, loss of concentration, threats to human health, and privacy issues. The conclusion emphasizes the importance of IT in business development, the diverse networking technologies available, and the necessity for organizations to navigate both the advantages and potential drawbacks, including ethical considerations, to achieve success and attract customers.

Information of
Technology

CONTENT COVERED
 Introduction
 Communication Model and Systems
 Communication method and technology
 Benefits of communication
 Barriers of communication
 References

INTRODUCTION
Information of technology includes the study and applications of computers and
telecommunications that store, retrieve and manipulate data. This term is widely used
in business and in the field of computing.
Claridege's is a 5-star hotel, earlier known as Mivart's Hotel which was founded in
1812 by St. George Jackson Mivart and later on in 1854 sold to Mr. and Mrs.
Claridege and named that hotel as Claridge's. This Article describes about the role of
IT along with their social and ethical issues. In addition this identify the various kinds
of networking technologies.

Role of IT in success and failure of an organization.
 Information technology plays a crucial role modern business. In service sector
role of technology is revolutionary. Now a days every person is very much
familiar with technology and this has played a vital role in development of
hospitality sector. In today's world each and every organization want to use
technology in their work, which help them to grow globally.
 Globalisation
 Integration
 Social Media
 Mobility

Ethical and Social Issues associated with Technology
Ethics is a branch of philosophy which states about rights and wrongs in
terms of morality, and problems related to these are ethical issues (Eason, 2014) .
Countries like UK, are very rich in the aspects of technology, have greater
probabilities that the businesses will face issues related to ethics. Calridge also has
this threat and this can cost their goodwill as well as their financial condition.
Some of these ethical issues company may face are:-
 Hacking
 Content
 Security

Social Issues associated with Technology
 Technology seems all great but it has some issues on the society that some
people might not observe or recognize that they are a part of problem for the
society. Some of the social issues with our technology are described below:
 Loss of Concentration
 Threat to human health
 Lack of Privacy

Difference between types of networking technologies
Criteria Local Area Network (LAN) Metropolitan Area Network
(MAN)
Wide Area Network (WAN)
Meaning Group of computers and
networks devices which are
connected together in local
geographical area.
A network which usually covers
various regions in the same town
or cities.
A network connects with several LANs, covers the large
localities, Example: Internet.
Ownership of network The ownership of LAN
network is private.
The ownership of MAN network
is Private or Public.
The ownership of WAN network is also Public or Private.
Propagation Delay Broadcasting of LAN network
is short because it covers only
local area.
Publicity of MAN network is
moderate as it covers the cities or
towns.
Propagation of WAN network is long and at a wide range
as it covers the countries and large localities.
Fault Tolerance LAN is more tolerant MAN is less tolerant as compared
to LAN.
WAN is less tolerant as compared to MAN
Speed The speed of LAN is high as
it covers the small
geographical area or only
local area.
The speed of MAN is moderate as
it covers the geographical area of
cities and towns.
The speed of WAN is low as it spans the large localities.

Design and
maintenance
The LAN network can be designed easily and
the maintenance of this network is also easy.
The people faces difficulty to design
MAN network and maintenance of this
network is also difficult.
As WAN covers large localities, so it
is difficult to design this network and
the maintenance of WAN is more
difficult as compared to MAN.
Used for LAN uses for local area such as school,
college and hospital.
MAN is used for city and small towns. WAN covers largest area and used for
countries and continents.
Congestion LAN creates less congestion as it only cover
small area.
MAN produces more congestion as
compared to LAN as this network covers
cities and towns.
WAN creates more congestion than
MAN, as this spans the countries and
continents.
Transmission media
type
LAN uses Twisted-pair cable to transmit the
data.
MAN uses Twisted-pair as well as fibre-
optic cables to transmit the information.
WAN uses Fibre-optic, radio wave and
satellite as transmission media.
Bandwidth LAN bandwidth is low. MAN bandwidth is moderate(neither low
nor high).
WAN bandwidth is high as compared
to MAN.
Expensive Less expensive to build as equipment is
owned by the firm which is cheaper than
renting lines and equipment.
More expensive than LAN. More expensive to build as
sophisticated communication systems
are used involving rental of
communication lines.

CONCLUSION
 In today's world information technology plays a very important role in development
of a business. IT makes the working in management and service sector very easier.
There are many different technologies of networking used like LAN, WAN, and
MAN, get chosen according to the requirement of system. IT has many benefits over
businesses but also have some drawbacks which can has power to change success in
failure of the organization. Many organization uses technologies to get success in
their business and also to attract customers. Also along with that company have to
keep them self secure in regarding to ethical issues.

REFERENCES
 Buabeng-Andoh, C., 2012. Factors Influencing Teachers' Adoption and
Integration of Information and Communication Technology into Teaching: A
Review of the Literature. International Journal of Education and Development
using Information and Communication Technology. 8(1). pp.136-155.
 Dahlstrom, E. and Bichsel, J., 2014. ECAR Study of Undergraduate Students and
Information Technology. 2014. Educause.
 Eason, K. D., 2014. Information technology and organisational change. CRC
Press.
 Kim, H., and et. al., 2013. Generating construction schedules through automatic
data extraction using open BIM (building information modeling) technology.
Automation in Construction. 35. pp.285-295.

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