Introduction to International Affairs: Types of Government Assignment

This assignment addresses the topic of different types of governments, providing examples of countries that represent each form. It covers absolute monarchy, constitutional monarchy, parliamentary democracy, presidential democracy, theocracies, dictatorship, federal government, and unitary governance. The assignment then delves into an analysis of the democratic nature of the Chinese government, evaluating its adherence to democratic principles based on several factors. These factors include the selection process for public offices, the role of political parties, policy development procedures, the political rights of citizens, the independence of the judiciary, the exercise of supreme power by the elected government, and the resolution of conflicts. The analysis provides a detailed examination of how the Chinese government functions in relation to these democratic conditions and the role of the Chinese political parties.

Running Head: INTRODUCTION TO INTERNATIONAL AFFAIRS
Topic- Types of Government
Student name
University name
Author notes

2INTERNATIONAL AFFAIRS
ASSIGNMENT ANSWERS
1. Two countries where Absolute Monarchy is present are Oman and Saudi Arabia. Here the
Monarchy (royal head either king /queen) still holds the supreme authority and the
authority is not restricted by any laws, legislature and customs.
Constitutional monarchy is found in countries like Australian and Bahrain. Here the Head
of State is the supreme power and their authority is legally bounded and is derivedfrom
constitution or legislature.
Parliamentary democracy is present in countries like United Kingdom and Denmark.
Here the Executive is empowered with democratic legitimacy from the ability to
command the confidence of the legislature, mainly a parliament. The countries can also
be constitutional monarchies as well.
Presidential democracy is present in Afghanistan and Argentina. Here the elected head of
government, the president, leads the executive branch which is separate from the
legislative branch.
Theocracies is prevalent in countries like Iran and Vatican. Here government leaders are
none but the divine guidance and the legal system is based on religious support.
Dictatorship is found in China and Ethiopia. Here authoritarian form of government is
found where a single leader rules the nation.
Federal government is found in United States of American and Mexico. Here power is
divided in between a strong national government and some smaller local governments.
Large countries having diversified people groups generally adopt federal type of
governance.
Unitary governance is found in France and Japan. Here a single powered central
government rules the nation.

3INTERNATIONAL AFFAIRS
2. China has democratic government type which is generally referred to as the People’s
Republic of China. The conditions of democracy are evaluated based on the following
aspects.
Selection to the highest public offices is on the basis of free and fair elections:
Each local office or Bureau comes under the coequal authority of the local leader and
leader of corresponding office or ministry. The members of People’s congress are elected
by voters they in turn elect the provincial members who in turn elects the National
Peoples’ congress members.
Political parties are free to organize, present candidates for public office, and compete in
elections:
The political parties of China generally called the Communist party of China adopts
multi-party co-operation and political consultation where CPPCC (Chinese People’s
Political Consultative Conference) conducts democratic supervision and political
consultation along with staff party organization, member personages from varied ethnic
groups and manage the various state affairs. To support socialist democracy, the people
exercise their democratic rights and by means of election and voting rights.
The elected government develops policy according to specified procedures that provide
for due process, transparency in decision making, and the accountability of elected
executives:
Both democratic election and democratic consultation is considered by the elected
government in developing policies and procedures that provide process support, increases
transparency in decision-making and supports their accountability for harmonious
development of the overall society.

4INTERNATIONAL AFFAIRS
All citizens possess political rights:
Social integration is a major component of the political system in China. In order to
support people’s democratic dictatorship, all the citizens possess their fundamental
political rights and the multi-party co-operation supports the well being of all people
holistically in spite of class, strata and ethnic differences.
The political system contains a judiciary with powers independent of the executive and
legislature:
The political party is a combination of democratic election and democratic consultation
where judiciary power is independent of the executive legislature and socialist democracy
is focused upon the most.
The elected government exercises supreme power within the government and country:
The elected government exercise their supreme power in the country and aims at
modernization and social integration in the country. The decision made by the ruling
party is supported by mutual supervision, cooperation and consultation and thus political
stability is maintained along with social harmony.
There is widespread agreement that conflicts will be resolved peacefully according to
legally prescribed procedures, and without recourse to violence:
The cooperative nature of the multi-party support help in reducing political instability
and mutual support of theirs help in developing social harmony and peace in the country
by reducing violence and conflicts.