This criminal law assignment comprises two main parts. The first part is an essay that explores the defense of insanity, examining its fitness for purpose and potential need for reform, referencing relevant legal provisions and case law such as the M'Naghten Rules and People v. Serravo. The essay also discusses the application of the insanity defense in different jurisdictions, including the UK, and the role of expert evaluations. The second part presents a case study involving a bar fight that results in a death and a subsequent stabbing, requiring an analysis of Ali's potential criminal liability. The analysis focuses on the charges of culpable homicide and murder, defining these offenses and referencing relevant case law such as R v Dr Bodkins and Airedale N.H.S. Trust v Bland, to establish the elements of actus reus and mens rea.