This literature review examines the pervasive issue of institutional racism within the UK criminal justice system. It begins by exploring the historical context, including the establishment of the police force and the persistent mistrust between law enforcement and ethnic communities. The review analyzes various stages of the criminal justice process, focusing on stop and search procedures, the role of the judiciary, and the impact of the MacPherson report. It highlights the disproportionate treatment of ethnic minorities, citing statistical evidence of racial disparities. Furthermore, the review compares UK laws with human rights legislation, including the Race Relations Act and the Human Rights Act, to assess the legal framework's effectiveness in combating racial discrimination. The conclusion suggests that despite some improvements, institutional racism remains a significant challenge, and the review calls for further steps to eradicate the root causes of these disparities within the criminal justice system.