Integrated Emergency Management: Public Services and Planning Report

This report provides a comprehensive overview of integrated emergency management, focusing on the legislative frameworks and guidance that dictate how public services must handle emergency incidents. It defines the statutory responsibilities of various public services, including police, fire departments, emergency medical services, and local authorities, in planning for and responding to emergencies. The report outlines the role of military support during emergency incidents, referencing examples such as the Boscastle Floods. It emphasizes the importance of emergency planning, highlighting the main considerations public services must address when preparing for emergency situations. The report also analyzes the responsibilities of public services in meeting legislative requirements, such as those outlined in the Civil Contingencies Act 2004. Overall, the report underscores the significance of coordinated response, planning, and resilience in managing emergency situations, with a focus on the operational context of Tesco PLC.

INTEGRATED
EMERGENCY
MANAGEMENT

Table of Contents
INTRODUCTION...........................................................................................................................1
MAIN BODY...................................................................................................................................1
P1. Outline the legislation and guidance that stipulates how the public services must deal with
emergency incidents....................................................................................................................1
P2. Define the public services who have a statutory responsibility in planning for and
responding to emergency incidents.............................................................................................3
M1. Report the circumstances and process for military support during an emergency incident.
.....................................................................................................................................................4
P3. Explain the role played by the public services in emergency planning................................5
P4. Identify the main considerations that public services must address when planning for
emergency situations...................................................................................................................6
M2. Assess the importance of emergency planning for major emergency situations.................7
D1. Analyse the responsibilities of the public services to meet the legislative requirements of
emergency planning. ..................................................................................................................7
CONCLUSION................................................................................................................................8
REFERENCES................................................................................................................................9

INTRODUCTION
Integrated emergency management refers to hazards approach that aims at co-ordinating,
directing and controlling the disasters independent of their originality, type, size and complexity.
Tesco PLC trading is a public limited company that deals in general merchandise retailer and
groceries. It is ranked as third largest retailer and provides employment to approx 476000 people
across the world. Therefore, it aims at planning and preparedness regarding emergency incidents
and is explained it detail in the present report. The main considerations that must to be addressed
while planning for emergency situations and importance of emergency planning are explained in
report.
MAIN BODY
P1. Outline the legislation and guidance that stipulates how the public services must deal with
emergency incidents.
Every business organisation understands the importance for having the capability that can
respond effectively to emergency situations. The various legal and regulatory frameworks
provide guidelines to both public and private sector institutions to deal with emergency
situations. Following are given the key legislation and guidance that stipulates how the public
services must deals with emergency situations.
Civil Contingencies Act, 2004: This act aims at establishing clear set of responsibilities and
roles for the people who are involved in preparations for emergency and who response at local
level. This also requires organisation to be health system for eg. NHS bodies, local authorities or
emergency services for preparing regarding adverse incidents. This is an Act of the Parliament of
UK which focus on establishing comprehensive framework regarding emergency planning and
its response, it ranges from local to national level (Carlson And et.al., 2019). The Civil
Contingencies Act is divided in 3 parts and imposes different roles and duties to each part.
The category 1 responders are organisation that are at the core of response in most of the
emergencies. The category 1 responders are also subject to full set for civil protection role and
duties. This includes usual blue-light services related to emergencies and involves fire services,
ambulance services, NHS primary trusts care, police forces or local authorities.
The category 2 responders are person or body that has role for supporting the category 1
responders and includes utilities, transport, health and government sectors like water, gas,
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networking rail, strategic and health authority, airports, voluntary agencies and electricity
distributors or transmitters.
Local Resilience Forums (LRF): This is a partnership agency who aims at providing strategic
oversight and emergency planning co-ordination accordingly with the requirements and guidance
of Civil Contingencies Act 2004. The Local Resilience Forum is made of local authorities, NHS
bodies, emergency services and environment agencies. The LRF focuses on preparing for ,
responding to and recovering from emergencies, incidents that affects home, business or
environment. This also let people know about the risks that can affect community. LRF warns
regarding hazardous conditions, like snow, floods or drought. It also provides information to
people regarding how to get prepared for emergency incidents and situations.
Government emergency power and special legislation: The Emergency Powers Act 1964 is
act of Parliament of UK and it was passed for amending the Emergency Powers Act 1920 and
also for making permanent Defence Regulations 1939. This act was made in order to take any
emergency action and possesses powers to President of United Kingdom. The specific powers
are not described and mentioned in the constitutions, Executive Branch is designed in order to
take quick action and response to national emergencies.
Joint Emergency Services Interoperability Programme: This describes the skills for
commanding and controlling major emergency events or incidents, regarding the daily activities
of business organisation of the wider responders and emergency services.
Response: The legislation and guidance will aim at stressing the importance of the combined
and co-ordinated response to incidents of emergency. The initial response for emergencies focus
on dealing with immediate effects. The rapid implementations of important arrangements
regarding co-ordination, collaboration and communication are important (Carlson And et.al.,
2019).
Recovery: This addresses the physical, human, economic and environment impacts due to
emergencies. It is not an element for emergency preparation or response, but an integral part of
combined responses such as actions taken and can bring influences for communities.
Resilience: The approach of central government for civil contingencies planning is developed
around the resilience and it is defined as the ability of detecting, preventing, handling and
recovering from the emergency incidents or disruptive challenges.
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P2. Define the public services who have a statutory responsibility in planning for and responding
to emergency incidents.
An emergency incidents refers to a situation which possesses immediate risk to property,
health, life or environment. Therefore, various emergency situation or incident requires
intervention that prevents negative impacts of situation (Jha and et.al., 2018). Appropriate action
and response is very important and significant in emergencies that is taken by public services
organisations or responders. Tesco PLC is a large retailer organisation and have large number of
employees aims at maintaining safety and planning for emergency situation. The planning to
emergencies needs to ensure that individual and organisation can use their skill for meeting the
urgent demand and needs of communities at time of emergency incident or crisis.
There are public services who are provided with statutory responsibilities regarding
planning and responding to emergency incidents. The various rescue services and emergency
services are the group of people or organisations that ensures to provide safety to public and
responding and addressing to emergency incidents or events. Some agencies exist only for
addressing emergencies whereas others aim at dealing with ad hoc emergencies and consider it
as part of their duty. The public services agencies engage in providing awareness to community
and arranges prevent programs that guide and help public to avoid, detect and also report
regarding emergencies. The public services also aim at responding to situations like building
collapse, technical rescue regarding high rise window washer on collapsed system.
Primary public services aims at protecting safety of public and property and they are
provided with statutory responsibilities and can be summoned by the public directly. The public
services are:
Police: They are provided with the responsibility to provide safety to citizens and play proactive
and reactive role in reducing and removing crime in their territorial dominion (Jha and et.al.,
2018).
Fire fighters: The responsibility and role of Fire department is to train the fire fighters for
dealing with fire and rescuing victims of fire. This is also known as Fire and Rescue.
Both Fire and Police departments aims at taking part in education programs for
community by visiting to classrooms, hosts field trip for school students at their stations and they
also talk with community groups regarding home safety and prevention to fire.
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Emergency medical services: These services are included in Fire and Rescue departments in
many jurisdictions. The emergency medical services are provided to communities with the help
of staff, transport vehicle having medical equipments and aims at responding effectively to
medical emergencies.
Local authorities: They are also provided with statutory responsibilities for planning and
responding to emergency incidents. They have the first hand information and knowledge
regarding the community's social, infrastructure, economic and environmental needs and
provides support in emergencies as they have disaster responding capability.
Cabinet Office: This is a government department of UK who is responsible for providing
support to Prime Minister and also to Cabinet of UK. The various units are composed in Cabinet
Office that aims at supporting Committees of Cabinet and also co-ordinates with the delivery of
government objectives through other departments.
Life guards: They are provided with responsibility to respond to emergency within given remit
areas like pool, beach or open water area (Kozuki and et.al., 2018).
Emergency Road service: This aims at providing repair and recovery for crashed or disabled
vehicles.
Telecommunications: Government supports responders in emergency incidents by providing
priority processing to local and long distance call on public switched networking phones.
Water utility providers: They play great role by providing drinking water and sanitation waste-
water services to community and also provided with roles for planning and responding to
emergencies.
Red Cross: The mission of the voluntary sector Red Cross is to provide help to public and
community in order to prevent, prepare and respond them to emergencies. It also provides
assistance for disaster relief to people who are affected with disasters.
M1. Report the circumstances and process for military support during an emergency incident.
It is most important to response quickly on emergency incidents and events, the
responders needs to also arrive at the scene safely in order to relay back the data to control room
for getting the successful outcome of the emergency event or incidents (Kreibich and et.al.,
2019). The civilian community or business organisation having any emergency situation or
incident does not involve military help due to their operational commitments. The military
assistance is required at emergencies events such as Boscastle Floods of 2004, as their guidance
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and expert advice provides helps to recover the loss and negative impacts. In this circumstance,
seven helicopters from Air Force and Royal Navy helped in evacuating 150 persons from city.
The military also have high skilled personnels and large number of vehicles with them that can
provide assistance during emergency incidents.
P3. Explain the role played by the public services in emergency planning.
The public services and responders play significant role in planning for major emergency
situations and also play various essential phases, and co-ordinate in order to respond effectively.
Response to emergencies requires proper planning and preparation that involves planning,
exercising, training and also informing other people (Expanding Role of Public Works in
Emergency Management, 2012). The planning takes place at different levels so that it can
provide basis for effective integrated response to emergency incidents.
Tesco organisation aims at developing emergency management planning in order to
increase measures that provides safety to personnels, property and facilities. The different public
services have different roles and responsibilities but they also need to work together in order to
respond effectively to emergencies. The first responders to emergencies are considered as the
essential part in effectively managing emergency incidents in a community.
Police are the first member in the public emergency services and who arrive at scene and
make assessment of the incident and situation (Matveev, Maksimov and Vodnev, 2018). Police
also secures, protects and preserves the incident or scene by blocking the area of incident to
public and sightseers, because it may be dangerous if not blocked. The police has the local
knowledge and understanding regarding local obstacles that can help save lives and also
improves response times overall. They are provided with the responsibilities to interfacing with
the other public services and response teams and also communicate key information with them.
They need to offer immediate treatment and transportation to victims of emergencies. Police
also needs to create resource plan that serves the incident areas. The field forces also provides
assistance in rescue, evacuating and providing shelter to affected people of emergency incidents.
The role played by public services also includes temporary traffic control, animal security or
control, providing perimeter security, transporting supplies and equipments, management of
debris, on-site vehicle services and also restoration for affected infrastructure.
The public services also includes tribal, municipal, country, territorial and state
departments who have the duty and responsibilities for roads, streets and highways (O'Neill,
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2018). All public services forms component that is important for overall emergency planning
activities and it has wider scope with activities rather than primary disciplines of responders. The
main role of public services in emergency planning is to provide response and recovery, and they
also focus on proactively focus in implementing the mitigating measures to eliminate the risk of
disruption and damage from possible emergencies.
P4. Identify the main considerations that public services must address when planning for
emergency situations.
Emergency planning refers to making a management plan developed in order to mitigate
the loss of potential events that can endanger organisation's ability for functioning properly (Sui,
Ding and Wang, 2018). The emergency incidents and situations forces public services
administrations to action and respond quickly to situation and also to reduce and limit the
number of people affecting in emergency incidents. There are different types of emergency plans
such as multi-agency, general or specific. The plan of emergencies needs to include all the
possible consequences, written procedure regarding required responds and actions and the list of
resources available for emergency situations and incidents (Main considerations for emergency,
2019). The emergency planning ensures that response provided by public services are integrated
and is also provided successfully in emergencies. The emergency planning needs to address
following five elements as identified by Category 1 responders:
1. Response
2. Recovery
3. Assessment
4. Preparedness
5. Prevention.
The emergency planning needs to address the risk assessment which helps in identifying
threat, risk or hazards in the community which may cause damage or loss. The public services
then formulates overall risk score and share the same with other agencies which are involved in
emergency planning. Then strategies are formulated to reduce the risk and its effects in hazards
prevention consideration (Thompson and Meggos, 2018). Preparedness helps in preventing the
deterioration of effects due to incidents of emergencies. The effectiveness of preparedness
depends on the risk assessment done by public services.
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The main consideration which needs to be addressed by public services also includes
public awareness, self-held groups and providing education to community and it is considered as
the measures of preparedness. Then public services aim at responding effectively to incidents
and the way of responds or action depends on nature of different responders. The responders
include ambulance services, police, Fire and Rescue services, NHS, Voluntary organisations and
local authorities. Then comes the recovery consideration which takes place after the occurrence
of incidents and it aims at bringing the normal situation back. The recovery depends on the
nature, size and impact of the emergency incident or situations.
M2. Assess the importance of emergency planning for major emergency situations.
Developing the emergency management and planning has great benefits as it aims at
preventing and responding effectively to emergency incidents. Tesco focuses on developing
emergency planning and makes it an important part of the operations of company so that it can
discover hazardous situations and develop measures to eliminate them. Following are given the
importance of emergency planning :
 Helps in legal compliances and meets regulations regarding tested process and safe
equipments in workplace (Vermuyten and et.al., 2018).
 Reduce the cost and expenses which are caused by loss or liability.
 Helps in evaluating hazards and reducing them.
 Minimizes the risk of injury or death of staff or employees.
 Provides help in effectively recovering or resumption after emergency incidents or
events.
 Helps in maintaining positive brand image and reputation of the company.
 The emergency planning helps in predicting, preparing, protecting, practising and
patrolling regarding emergency incidents and events.
D1. Analyse the responsibilities of the public services to meet the legislative requirements of
emergency planning.
The public services needs to meet the legislation requirements of emergency planning
management. Environment Protection Agency and Occupational Safety and Health
Administration are the most important and also widely applicable legislation that needs to be
considered by public services while planning for emergencies (Zhao and Liu, 2018). There are
more legislation requirements in emergency planning such as Federal Water Pollution Control
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Act, Resource Conservation and Recovery Act, Emergency Planning and Community Right to
Know and Clean Air Act Amendments. All of the mentioned legal regulations and legislation
needs to be met by public services while emergency planning. All public service needs to comply
with relative legislation to which they are subjected to and it includes prescribed acts, laws and
regulations.
CONCLUSION
Integrated emergency management aims at preventing and protecting the risk and loss of
emergency incidents happening in the community. The emergency management aims at planning
for inter-institutional co-ordination that can effectively respond to all possible hazards and
controls its impacts. Public services are provided with different roles and responsibilities that
provides support and help to people affected from emergencies and also responds effectively to
incidents. Importance of emergency planning and responsibilities provided to public services
during emergencies are explained in the above presented report. Different roles and
responsibilities of public services play essential role in emergency situations. The report also
explains the main considerations that public services addresses when planning for emergency
situations.
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REFERENCES
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system response: Systematic review of literature to aid formulation of the 2017 WHO
Guideline for ERC policy and practice. PloS one.13(10). p.e0205555.
Kozuki, N. and et.al., 2018. The resilience of integrated community case management in acute
emergency: A case study from Unity State, South Sudan. Journal of global health. 8(2).
Kreibich, H. and et.al., 2019. New insights into flood warning reception and emergency response
by affected parties.
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emergency-rescue services for emergency response to transport accidents. Transportation
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O'Neill, E., 2018. Expanding the horizons of integrated flood risk management: a critical
analysis from an Irish perspective. International Journal of River Basin
Management. 16(1). pp.71-77.
Sui, Y., Ding, R. and Wang, H., 2018. An integrated management system for occupational health
and safety and environment in an operating nuclear power plant in East China and its
management information system. Journal of Cleaner Production. 183. pp.261-271.
Thompson, M. and Meggos, D., 2018. Integrated emergency risk management: building
resilience in NSW communities. Australian Journal of Emergency Management,
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Vermuyten, H. and et.al., 2018. Integrated staff scheduling at a medical emergency service: An
optimisation approach. Expert Systems with Applications. 112. pp.62-76.
Zhao, M. and Liu, X., 2018. Development of decision support tool for optimizing urban
emergency rescue facility locations to improve humanitarian logistics
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Expanding Role of Public Works in Emergency Management. 2012. [Online]. Available through:
<https://ascelibrary.org/doi/10.1061/%28ASCE%29LM.1943-5630.0000174>
Main considerations for emergency. 2019. [Online]. Available through:
<https://craigavonmajorincidentplanning.weebly.com/main-considerations.html>
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