An Investigation: International Halal Travel Booking Development in UK
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This report investigates the development of international Halal travel booking in the UK, focusing on the opportunities within the market. The research includes a literature review of secondary sources like books and journals to gather in-depth data. The methodology incorporates a descriptive research design and utilizes both primary and secondary data collection methods, including questionnaires for Muslim tourists. The report examines the concept of Halal travel, the opportunities for positioning Halal travel businesses in the UK market, and the challenges they may face. A Gantt chart is implemented for project management, and resources like time and cost are considered. The study aims to provide valuable insights into the growth and potential of the Halal travel industry in the UK, addressing the needs of Muslim travelers and the strategies businesses can employ to cater to this growing market segment.

The Development Of
International Halal Travel
Booking In UK
International Halal Travel
Booking In UK
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ABSTRACT
The main goal of this inquiry is to investigation into the development of international
Halal travel booking in UK. On the basis of this theme, whole research is undertaken as it
provide vast information about the Halal travel industry in UK. In this, literature review is
crucial activity for collecting in-depth data that assist in drawing a valid conclusion. It consist
various secondary sources such as books, journals, articles, magazines and so on published
material which support in analysing the selected topic in an effective manner. In addition of this,
various research methods are also includes that used by researcher for gathering primary
information about the set topic. In this, investigator is answerable for selected best and suitable
method to collect relevant data. Furthermore, questionnaire is also prepared that is related with
quantitative research. As it may provide data in numerical form that is easily measurable for
analysing the accuracy of collected data and information. Gantt chart is also implement or
prepared with the aim of determining starting and ending time duration for successfully
completing the project activities. Mainly, it is an effective tool that provide graphical
presentation through which researcher easily completed the research in specified time frame.
Apart from this, different resources is also required while completing the study in well organised
and ethical manner. Mainly, time, communication, cost are the major resources that used by
researcher with the aim of completing the study in systematic manner.
The main goal of this inquiry is to investigation into the development of international
Halal travel booking in UK. On the basis of this theme, whole research is undertaken as it
provide vast information about the Halal travel industry in UK. In this, literature review is
crucial activity for collecting in-depth data that assist in drawing a valid conclusion. It consist
various secondary sources such as books, journals, articles, magazines and so on published
material which support in analysing the selected topic in an effective manner. In addition of this,
various research methods are also includes that used by researcher for gathering primary
information about the set topic. In this, investigator is answerable for selected best and suitable
method to collect relevant data. Furthermore, questionnaire is also prepared that is related with
quantitative research. As it may provide data in numerical form that is easily measurable for
analysing the accuracy of collected data and information. Gantt chart is also implement or
prepared with the aim of determining starting and ending time duration for successfully
completing the project activities. Mainly, it is an effective tool that provide graphical
presentation through which researcher easily completed the research in specified time frame.
Apart from this, different resources is also required while completing the study in well organised
and ethical manner. Mainly, time, communication, cost are the major resources that used by
researcher with the aim of completing the study in systematic manner.

Table of Contents
TITLE .............................................................................................................................................1
INTRODUCTION ..........................................................................................................................1
PRELIMINARY LITERATURE REVIEW....................................................................................2
Opportunity present in UK market for positioning the Halal travel business.............................2
Challenges that Halal travel business may face while operating in UK.....................................2
RESEARCH QUESTION AND OBJECTIVES.............................................................................2
METHOD........................................................................................................................................3
TIMESCALE...................................................................................................................................4
..........................................................................................................................................................6
..........................................................................................................................................................6
RESOURCES..................................................................................................................................6
REFERENCES................................................................................................................................7
.........................................................................................................................................................8
TITLE .............................................................................................................................................1
INTRODUCTION ..........................................................................................................................1
PRELIMINARY LITERATURE REVIEW....................................................................................2
Opportunity present in UK market for positioning the Halal travel business.............................2
Challenges that Halal travel business may face while operating in UK.....................................2
RESEARCH QUESTION AND OBJECTIVES.............................................................................2
METHOD........................................................................................................................................3
TIMESCALE...................................................................................................................................4
..........................................................................................................................................................6
..........................................................................................................................................................6
RESOURCES..................................................................................................................................6
REFERENCES................................................................................................................................7
.........................................................................................................................................................8
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TITLE
An investigation into the development of international Halal travel booking in UK.
INTRODUCTION
Halal tourism is consider as a subcategory of tourism which is engaged towards the
Muslim families who is stay with Islam rules. In over the world, number of international hotel
serve halal food that is slaughtered in along with the teachings of Islamic rules. Along with this,
it is also free of any substance prohibited by the Islam like pork and alcohol. In tourism industry,
halal tourism is growing market segment that includes Muslim tourists seeking destinations in
which they meet their needs in respected of their diet, dress and rituals. As per Arabic, halal is
refers to the permissible as per Islamic teaching (Carboni and Janati, 2016). In this, Alcohol,
pork, nudity and gambling are off limits. Many countries related with burgeoning middle class
and disposable income are attracts towards these travellers. Majorly, Malaysia, the UAE, Turkey,
Indonesia are the leading Muslim destinations wherein most of people are follow Muslim
culture. In this regards, Thailand is popular destinations for Muslim. For the UK, Muslims are
spending is around to rise to US$ 4.1 billion by 2020. Apart from this, Halal tourism industry
also provides flights and does not support to serve alcohol or pork products. It also announced
prayer timings and also broadcast religious programs as it is related with the part of
entertainment they offered on board. Since 2016, around 30% Muslim travellers has grown in
worldwide as they spending holidaymakers that is predicted to reach $220 billion by upcoming
next year. In Halal tourism industry, it is crucial for destination marketers to understand Muslim
travel behaviour to satisfying their needs and wants. Thus, it it is crucial for hospitality industry
to adapt changing halal requirement to successfully meet the needs of Muslim tourists. In context
of this, hotels and restaurants needs to offer halal food at the very least to their tourist in order to
make them satisfied. A destination should be attractive for Muslim travellers so that they can
easily capture their attention over there. In this, industry also provide availability of prayer
facilities to Muslims, provide Muslim friendly wash rooms and Ramadan related offerings. In
addition of this, various airports also offering halal food and prayer rooms to individual in order
to make them happy and satisfied with Halal travel industry. This may help in increasing the
development of halal tourism industry (Chandra, 2014). This research is going to discussed about
1
An investigation into the development of international Halal travel booking in UK.
INTRODUCTION
Halal tourism is consider as a subcategory of tourism which is engaged towards the
Muslim families who is stay with Islam rules. In over the world, number of international hotel
serve halal food that is slaughtered in along with the teachings of Islamic rules. Along with this,
it is also free of any substance prohibited by the Islam like pork and alcohol. In tourism industry,
halal tourism is growing market segment that includes Muslim tourists seeking destinations in
which they meet their needs in respected of their diet, dress and rituals. As per Arabic, halal is
refers to the permissible as per Islamic teaching (Carboni and Janati, 2016). In this, Alcohol,
pork, nudity and gambling are off limits. Many countries related with burgeoning middle class
and disposable income are attracts towards these travellers. Majorly, Malaysia, the UAE, Turkey,
Indonesia are the leading Muslim destinations wherein most of people are follow Muslim
culture. In this regards, Thailand is popular destinations for Muslim. For the UK, Muslims are
spending is around to rise to US$ 4.1 billion by 2020. Apart from this, Halal tourism industry
also provides flights and does not support to serve alcohol or pork products. It also announced
prayer timings and also broadcast religious programs as it is related with the part of
entertainment they offered on board. Since 2016, around 30% Muslim travellers has grown in
worldwide as they spending holidaymakers that is predicted to reach $220 billion by upcoming
next year. In Halal tourism industry, it is crucial for destination marketers to understand Muslim
travel behaviour to satisfying their needs and wants. Thus, it it is crucial for hospitality industry
to adapt changing halal requirement to successfully meet the needs of Muslim tourists. In context
of this, hotels and restaurants needs to offer halal food at the very least to their tourist in order to
make them satisfied. A destination should be attractive for Muslim travellers so that they can
easily capture their attention over there. In this, industry also provide availability of prayer
facilities to Muslims, provide Muslim friendly wash rooms and Ramadan related offerings. In
addition of this, various airports also offering halal food and prayer rooms to individual in order
to make them happy and satisfied with Halal travel industry. This may help in increasing the
development of halal tourism industry (Chandra, 2014). This research is going to discussed about
1
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the development of international Halal travel booking in UK. As it is one of the fastest growing
industry that serve quality services to Muslim tourist as per their needs and wants. This is the
reason that halal travel industry is continuously developed in the UK. In this regards, Muslim
customers are the fastest developing market segments and can not be ignored by destination
marketers and tourism operators. Thus, this research provide vast information about the Halal
travel booking in UK as it is most and popular industry that put positive impact on the economic
condition and also make it more strong.
PRELIMINARY LITERATURE REVIEW
This section of research project is define published information about the topic through
which investigator can find out the actual reason and its effectiveness. Mainly, it also play a
crucial role in whole investigation activities because it provide in-depth and reliable information
towards the specified topic and area. Along with this, it is related with secondary method
wherein information gather from secondary sources such as books, journals, articles and other
published materials. With the assistance of this, positive and reliable outcomes can be effectively
obtained and make research more specific and authentic.
The concept of Halal travel
Halal tourism is termed as a subcategory in tourism. In this Muslim families are duly
abide by Islam rules. In this large number of international hotel serve their customers with
prohibited substance like alcohol and pork. In addition to this it has been identified that majority
of Muslin tourists seek towards destinations that will effectively able to fulfil their needs and
demand in context with rituals, dress and diet. Along with this, this is being determined that
some of the certain substances are also get prohibited that include gambling, nudity and pork.
Further it has been evaluated that within halal tourism industry facilities related to flights are also
served to customers in this pork products and alcohol are not served. Thus, in order to effectively
serve needs and demand of customers in well defined manner it is essential for organisations
within halal industry to undertake changing requirements in best effective manner.
Opportunity present in UK market for positioning the Halal travel business
It has been signified that halal economy reaches new heights that significantly lead
towards providing opportunities as to ensure sustainable growth. It has been identified that in UK
estimated number of Muslim population spend more than $6.3 billion on food and beverages. It
2
industry that serve quality services to Muslim tourist as per their needs and wants. This is the
reason that halal travel industry is continuously developed in the UK. In this regards, Muslim
customers are the fastest developing market segments and can not be ignored by destination
marketers and tourism operators. Thus, this research provide vast information about the Halal
travel booking in UK as it is most and popular industry that put positive impact on the economic
condition and also make it more strong.
PRELIMINARY LITERATURE REVIEW
This section of research project is define published information about the topic through
which investigator can find out the actual reason and its effectiveness. Mainly, it also play a
crucial role in whole investigation activities because it provide in-depth and reliable information
towards the specified topic and area. Along with this, it is related with secondary method
wherein information gather from secondary sources such as books, journals, articles and other
published materials. With the assistance of this, positive and reliable outcomes can be effectively
obtained and make research more specific and authentic.
The concept of Halal travel
Halal tourism is termed as a subcategory in tourism. In this Muslim families are duly
abide by Islam rules. In this large number of international hotel serve their customers with
prohibited substance like alcohol and pork. In addition to this it has been identified that majority
of Muslin tourists seek towards destinations that will effectively able to fulfil their needs and
demand in context with rituals, dress and diet. Along with this, this is being determined that
some of the certain substances are also get prohibited that include gambling, nudity and pork.
Further it has been evaluated that within halal tourism industry facilities related to flights are also
served to customers in this pork products and alcohol are not served. Thus, in order to effectively
serve needs and demand of customers in well defined manner it is essential for organisations
within halal industry to undertake changing requirements in best effective manner.
Opportunity present in UK market for positioning the Halal travel business
It has been signified that halal economy reaches new heights that significantly lead
towards providing opportunities as to ensure sustainable growth. It has been identified that in UK
estimated number of Muslim population spend more than $6.3 billion on food and beverages. It
2

is expected to grow a 5%per annum in between 2014-2020. thus, it has been duly signified that
there is emerging opportunities to expand in UK marketplace and further attract attention of
customers in provinces. Further it has been identified that with the increasing population of
Muslim in UK there is significant changes to establish business in provinces. Thus, as per
according to different evaluation it has been identified that there is significant growth in UK
marketplace with the help of this companies in halal travel business can gain significant number
of advancements and can further increase their profitability and productivity in best effective
manner. In addition to this, there are number of significant opportunities present within UK
marketplace with the help of which organisations in same industry can effectively ensure their
business growth and economic advancements.
Challenges that Halal travel business may face while operating in UK
There are different types of challenges that can be by Halal travel business in UK thus, it
is essential for them to effectively overcome these challenges in significant manner as to ensure
sustainable growth in best effective manner. Further it has been identified that UK is a modern
city while Halal serve traditional ethics. Thus, it become essential to duly undertake these
challenges in significant manner and offer traditional ethics of Halal to Muslim population.
RESEARCH QUESTION AND OBJECTIVES
Research aim
Main aim of this research is “To develop an International Halal travel booking in UK”.
Questions of the Research
Explain about the concept of Halal travel?
What are the opportunity present in UK market for positioning the Halal travel business? What are the challenges that Halal travel business may face while operating in UK?
Objectives of the Research
To learn about the concept of Halal travel.
To identify the opportunity present in UK market for positioning the Halal travel
business.
To ascertain the challenges that Halal travel business may face while operating in UK.
3
there is emerging opportunities to expand in UK marketplace and further attract attention of
customers in provinces. Further it has been identified that with the increasing population of
Muslim in UK there is significant changes to establish business in provinces. Thus, as per
according to different evaluation it has been identified that there is significant growth in UK
marketplace with the help of this companies in halal travel business can gain significant number
of advancements and can further increase their profitability and productivity in best effective
manner. In addition to this, there are number of significant opportunities present within UK
marketplace with the help of which organisations in same industry can effectively ensure their
business growth and economic advancements.
Challenges that Halal travel business may face while operating in UK
There are different types of challenges that can be by Halal travel business in UK thus, it
is essential for them to effectively overcome these challenges in significant manner as to ensure
sustainable growth in best effective manner. Further it has been identified that UK is a modern
city while Halal serve traditional ethics. Thus, it become essential to duly undertake these
challenges in significant manner and offer traditional ethics of Halal to Muslim population.
RESEARCH QUESTION AND OBJECTIVES
Research aim
Main aim of this research is “To develop an International Halal travel booking in UK”.
Questions of the Research
Explain about the concept of Halal travel?
What are the opportunity present in UK market for positioning the Halal travel business? What are the challenges that Halal travel business may face while operating in UK?
Objectives of the Research
To learn about the concept of Halal travel.
To identify the opportunity present in UK market for positioning the Halal travel
business.
To ascertain the challenges that Halal travel business may face while operating in UK.
3
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METHOD
There is requirement of different methods for performing each activities of research. It is
a part of research methodology which help researcher to gather information about the selected
topic in reliable manner (Cohen and Cohen, 2015). There are different methods such as
qualitative and quantitative research, research instruments, primary and secondary method of
data collection etc. These are consider main methods which will be required by researcher for
conducting investigation in systematic and effective manner. There are some useful and valuable
method relevant to the topic will be explained as below:
Research design: It is consider as a set of method and procedure that used by investigator
with the aim of collecting as well as analysing different measures of variables towards the
specified research topic and area. There are three type of research design such as descriptive,
explanatory ad exploratory. For undertaking this research, investigator will use descriptive
research design as it help in providing valid and depth information about the particular topic and
area.
Sources of data collection: For collecting data about the development of international
halal travel booking in UK, there is requirement of two source of data which are primary and
secondary. In order to gather primary information, questionnaire is consider useful and valuable
source as it will help researcher by giving reliable information regarding the current study. On
the other hand, there is also need of some secondary sources which are magazines, books,
articles, publication research etc. These are main sources which have been used by researcher in
literature review section. Thus, both sources of data collection are require by investigator for
doing primary and secondary research in effective and authentic manner.
Data collection techniques: For collecting data and information, there are two type of
methods such as primary and secondary. Both technique of gathering data is important as it help
in providing valid and relevant content towards the specified topic and area. In this,
questionnaire will be used by investigator that help in gathering primary information to
understand view point of selected respondents (Harahsheh, Haddad and Alshorman, 2019).
Along with this, secondary information is also collected from various resources such as books,
journals, magazines, publication research and many more. For undertaking this research, both
primary and secondary method will be used by investigator that may assist in attaining positive
and reliable outcomes.
4
There is requirement of different methods for performing each activities of research. It is
a part of research methodology which help researcher to gather information about the selected
topic in reliable manner (Cohen and Cohen, 2015). There are different methods such as
qualitative and quantitative research, research instruments, primary and secondary method of
data collection etc. These are consider main methods which will be required by researcher for
conducting investigation in systematic and effective manner. There are some useful and valuable
method relevant to the topic will be explained as below:
Research design: It is consider as a set of method and procedure that used by investigator
with the aim of collecting as well as analysing different measures of variables towards the
specified research topic and area. There are three type of research design such as descriptive,
explanatory ad exploratory. For undertaking this research, investigator will use descriptive
research design as it help in providing valid and depth information about the particular topic and
area.
Sources of data collection: For collecting data about the development of international
halal travel booking in UK, there is requirement of two source of data which are primary and
secondary. In order to gather primary information, questionnaire is consider useful and valuable
source as it will help researcher by giving reliable information regarding the current study. On
the other hand, there is also need of some secondary sources which are magazines, books,
articles, publication research etc. These are main sources which have been used by researcher in
literature review section. Thus, both sources of data collection are require by investigator for
doing primary and secondary research in effective and authentic manner.
Data collection techniques: For collecting data and information, there are two type of
methods such as primary and secondary. Both technique of gathering data is important as it help
in providing valid and relevant content towards the specified topic and area. In this,
questionnaire will be used by investigator that help in gathering primary information to
understand view point of selected respondents (Harahsheh, Haddad and Alshorman, 2019).
Along with this, secondary information is also collected from various resources such as books,
journals, magazines, publication research and many more. For undertaking this research, both
primary and secondary method will be used by investigator that may assist in attaining positive
and reliable outcomes.
4
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Participants of the research: In research activities, collection data from different people
is crucial as it help them in understanding their opinion towards the selected topic and area. In
order to gather data towards the development of Halal travel booking in UK (Khan and Khan,
2015). In this, researcher gather data from the Muslim tourist as it help in gathering actual and
depth information. Selected people are those who take services from Halal tourism industry.
Sampling techniques: It is refers to the process of selecting sample size from the large
number of population in order to gather relevant data and information about the research topic. In
this context, there are two type of sampling technique such as probability and non-probability.
These type of techniques are effective for selecting sample size from them total number of
population. For undertaking this research, probability sampling technique is used researcher as it
help in selecting sample size on the basis of randomly. The main purpose of selecting this type of
sampling is to includes higher level of reliability within the research and findings as well. On the
other side, non-probability is also consider as an effective sampling technique as it not much
useful for researcher because it increase chances of error while selecting sample. Thus, by using
random sampling method, researcher select 40 people of UK as a sample size.
Research setting: There are two type of research setting like qualitative and quantitative.
In this investigation, quantitative form of research setting is adapted by investigator with the aim
of gathering reliable and authentic information. On the other side, qualitative is also consider as a
research setting that required large number of resources and time in implementing the research
activities (Khan and Khan, 2016). This is the reason that investigator use quantitative research
setting that may support in taking reliable decision.
TIMESCALE
Time is crucial and useful resource which will be needed by researcher for completing
each tasks and activities of dissertation in allotted time frame. In this section of research
proposal, Gantt chart will be going to used as it assist researcher to analysis actual time of project
completion. In this chart, various number of activities included which are mainly related with
research project (Mosbah and Saleh, 2014). Introduction, literature review, research
methodology etc. are some main examples of activities. By using Gantt chart, researcher can
easily show each tasks and activities in graphical manner. Along with this, number of activities
will be shown as under in graphical way:
5
is crucial as it help them in understanding their opinion towards the selected topic and area. In
order to gather data towards the development of Halal travel booking in UK (Khan and Khan,
2015). In this, researcher gather data from the Muslim tourist as it help in gathering actual and
depth information. Selected people are those who take services from Halal tourism industry.
Sampling techniques: It is refers to the process of selecting sample size from the large
number of population in order to gather relevant data and information about the research topic. In
this context, there are two type of sampling technique such as probability and non-probability.
These type of techniques are effective for selecting sample size from them total number of
population. For undertaking this research, probability sampling technique is used researcher as it
help in selecting sample size on the basis of randomly. The main purpose of selecting this type of
sampling is to includes higher level of reliability within the research and findings as well. On the
other side, non-probability is also consider as an effective sampling technique as it not much
useful for researcher because it increase chances of error while selecting sample. Thus, by using
random sampling method, researcher select 40 people of UK as a sample size.
Research setting: There are two type of research setting like qualitative and quantitative.
In this investigation, quantitative form of research setting is adapted by investigator with the aim
of gathering reliable and authentic information. On the other side, qualitative is also consider as a
research setting that required large number of resources and time in implementing the research
activities (Khan and Khan, 2016). This is the reason that investigator use quantitative research
setting that may support in taking reliable decision.
TIMESCALE
Time is crucial and useful resource which will be needed by researcher for completing
each tasks and activities of dissertation in allotted time frame. In this section of research
proposal, Gantt chart will be going to used as it assist researcher to analysis actual time of project
completion. In this chart, various number of activities included which are mainly related with
research project (Mosbah and Saleh, 2014). Introduction, literature review, research
methodology etc. are some main examples of activities. By using Gantt chart, researcher can
easily show each tasks and activities in graphical manner. Along with this, number of activities
will be shown as under in graphical way:
5

6
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RESOURCES
There are requirement of different resources which is require by researcher for
conducting investigation in systematic and authentic manner. These resources includes internet
connection, magazines, books, journals, financial assistance, computer system, articles etc. These
are main resources for conducting primary and secondary research in systematic manner (Rabasa
and Benard, 2015). In addition to this, cost, time and communication are also consider major
resources that are also needed by researcher for doing each activities of primary and secondary
research. Therefore, in completion of dissertation, number of resources is require by investigator.
As these resources will support researcher in completion of each tasks of dissertation within
given time and systematic manner.
7
There are requirement of different resources which is require by researcher for
conducting investigation in systematic and authentic manner. These resources includes internet
connection, magazines, books, journals, financial assistance, computer system, articles etc. These
are main resources for conducting primary and secondary research in systematic manner (Rabasa
and Benard, 2015). In addition to this, cost, time and communication are also consider major
resources that are also needed by researcher for doing each activities of primary and secondary
research. Therefore, in completion of dissertation, number of resources is require by investigator.
As these resources will support researcher in completion of each tasks of dissertation within
given time and systematic manner.
7
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REFERENCES
Books and journals
Carboni, M. and Janati, M. H. I., 2016. Halal tourism de facto: A case from Fez. Tourism
Management Perspectives. 19. pp.155-159.
Chandra, G. R., 2014. Halal tourism; a new goldmine for tourism. International Journal of
Business Management & Research. 4(6). pp.45-62.
Cohen, E. and Cohen, S.A., 2015. A mobilities approach to tourism from emerging world
regions. Current Issues in Tourism. 18(1). pp.11-43.
Harahsheh, S., Haddad, R. and Alshorman, M., 2019. Implications of marketing Jordan as a
Halal tourism destination. Journal of Islamic Marketing.
Khan, G. and Khan, F., 2015. Motivations to engage in eWom among Muslim tourists: a study of
inbound Muslim tourists to Malaysia. International Journal of Islamic Marketing and
Branding. 1(1). pp.69-80.
Khan, G. and Khan, F., 2016. An investigation of motivations to engage in eWom among
inbound Muslim tourists to Malaysia. International Journal of Business and
Globalisation. 16(1). pp.22-37.
Mosbah, A. and Saleh, A. A., 2014. A review of tourism development in Malaysia. European
Journal of Business and Management. 6(5). pp.1-9.
Rabasa, A. and Benard, C., 2015. Eurojihad. Cambridge University Press.
Saha, S. and Yap, G., 2014. The moderation effects of political instability and terrorism on
tourism development: A cross-country panel analysis. Journal of Travel Research.
53(4). pp.509-521.
Wickham, C. R., 2015. The Muslim Brotherhood: Evolution of an Islamist Movement-Updated
Edition. Princeton University Press.
Zebiri, K., 2014. British Muslim converts: choosing alternative lives. Oneworld Publications.
8
Books and journals
Carboni, M. and Janati, M. H. I., 2016. Halal tourism de facto: A case from Fez. Tourism
Management Perspectives. 19. pp.155-159.
Chandra, G. R., 2014. Halal tourism; a new goldmine for tourism. International Journal of
Business Management & Research. 4(6). pp.45-62.
Cohen, E. and Cohen, S.A., 2015. A mobilities approach to tourism from emerging world
regions. Current Issues in Tourism. 18(1). pp.11-43.
Harahsheh, S., Haddad, R. and Alshorman, M., 2019. Implications of marketing Jordan as a
Halal tourism destination. Journal of Islamic Marketing.
Khan, G. and Khan, F., 2015. Motivations to engage in eWom among Muslim tourists: a study of
inbound Muslim tourists to Malaysia. International Journal of Islamic Marketing and
Branding. 1(1). pp.69-80.
Khan, G. and Khan, F., 2016. An investigation of motivations to engage in eWom among
inbound Muslim tourists to Malaysia. International Journal of Business and
Globalisation. 16(1). pp.22-37.
Mosbah, A. and Saleh, A. A., 2014. A review of tourism development in Malaysia. European
Journal of Business and Management. 6(5). pp.1-9.
Rabasa, A. and Benard, C., 2015. Eurojihad. Cambridge University Press.
Saha, S. and Yap, G., 2014. The moderation effects of political instability and terrorism on
tourism development: A cross-country panel analysis. Journal of Travel Research.
53(4). pp.509-521.
Wickham, C. R., 2015. The Muslim Brotherhood: Evolution of an Islamist Movement-Updated
Edition. Princeton University Press.
Zebiri, K., 2014. British Muslim converts: choosing alternative lives. Oneworld Publications.
8

9
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