Analyzing International Relations: Public Policy on Terrorism Issues

This report provides a policy brief on public policy in international relations concerning terrorism, highlighting the global threat it poses and the importance of international cooperation. It discusses the scope of the problem, particularly focusing on organizations like Al Qaeda, and emphasizes the necessity for nations to collaborate through comprehensive policies, intelligence sharing, and security actions. The report suggests policy options such as targeted strategies against terrorist organizations, support for local counter-terrorism efforts, and improved international relations among major powers. It recommends the creation of a new organization, potentially under the UN, to enhance the effectiveness of counter-terrorism strategies and enforce international frameworks. The report concludes that addressing global terrorism requires a coordinated international effort and the establishment of robust legal and diplomatic frameworks.

Running head: INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS ON TERRORISM
International Relations on Terrorism
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1INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS ON TERRORISM
Executive Summary
The objective of this paper is to present a policy brief highlighting various elements of public
policy on International Relations on terrorism. This paper identifies the scope of the problem,
which is related to the Terrorism globally .The paper highlights the importance of International
Relations in combating global Terrorism. This paper comprehends the various policies necessary
to be implemented in order to combat Terrorism in global scale taking in consideration of the
importance and need of International Relations .The paper also provides the recommendation
regarding counter measure policy of the Terrorism worldwide .

2INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS ON TERRORISM
Table of Contents
Executive Summary.........................................................................................................................1
Introduction......................................................................................................................................3
Discussion........................................................................................................................................3
Scope of the Problem...................................................................................................................3
International Relations on combating Terrorism.....................................................................4
Policy options..........................................................................................................................6
Recommendations............................................................................................................................8
Conclusion.......................................................................................................................................9
References......................................................................................................................................10

3INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS ON TERRORISM
Introduction
International Relations constitute the study of foreign affairs and global issues among
inter-governmental organization, non-governmental organizations, states and multinational
corporations1. The International Relations includes relationship across boundaries of the nation-
states. The study of International Relations mingles and relates to the fields of history, economics
and political science, which includes topics pertaining to globalization, environmental and
climatic changes, global poverty, human rights, international security, foreign policy analysis,
terrorism and others2. The paper presents a policy brief about the public policy in International
relation on Terrorism. The paper identifies the major elements of public policy in International
Relations on terrorism. The paper also discusses the policies that aim to stop Terrorism by using
International Relations. The paper also considers the relationships between the major actors,
institutions and processes within the international community.
Discussion
Scope of the Problem
The problem that is a major global issue is the threat of Terrorism. The terrorism has
been the continuous partner of war and struggle in the 20th century. In the beginning of the 21st
century, Al Qaeda formed the most deadly form of terrorism forces in the world. Most of the
1 Gilpin, Robert. The political economy of international relations. Princeton University Press,
2016.
2 Baylis, John, Steve Smith, and Patricia Owens, eds. The globalization of world politics: an
introduction to international relations. Oxford University Press, 2017.

4INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS ON TERRORISM
terrorist organization operates in a particular territory or follows a particular ideology of
struggle .However, the approach of the fiercest terrorist organizations, Al Qaeda, is different
from other terrorist organization3. Terrorism is not just a simple strategy for Al Qaeda. For Al
Qaeda the act of terrorism also involves strategy, purpose, identity of an organization. The Al
Qaeda mainly target United States, United States interests, United States allies, United Nations
and others.
International Relations on combating Terrorism
There is no state, considering how strong it is, which can defend itself independently
against the global Terrorism 4.It is necessary for the all the nations to work in collaboration in
order to combat Terrorism in global scale. This is where the importance of International
Relations comes into effect .A proper policy should be undertaken through comprehensive
collaboration, intelligence and actions of police and security in order to mitigate and reduce the
global terrorism. The most fierce and feared form of terrorism involves the usage of nuclear and
biological weapons .To combat these form of global terrorism a comprehensive policies and
cooperation is required. Terrorism cause a major threat to order and security of nations in the 21st
century .In order to combat this, it is necessary to display a cogitative and effective response. To
counter the terrorism in global scale it is required by people and also all the nations to follow a
rule-based plan that enforces the law structures and the intelligence prowess to protect the
interest of the society. It is a challenge to the next generation of administration of United States
3 Byman, Daniel. Al Qaeda, the Islamic State, and the Global Jihadist Movement: What
Everyone Needs to Know. What Everyone Needs To Know, 2015.
4 LaFree, Gary, Laura Dugan, and Erin Miller. Putting terrorism in context: Lessons from the
Global Terrorism Database. Routledge, 2014.

5INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS ON TERRORISM
to have a vision for International Relations to counter the terrorism on a global scale and also
construct a future roadmap for the strategic implementation of measures to combat and counter
Terrorism on global scale.
United States has been the victim of the largest and most feared terrorist attacks in the
history. Considering the global reach and power of the United States, they should be the leader in
forming the International Relations and form collaborative efforts in order to combat the
terrorism. After the massive terrorist attack in the United States that took place 11th September,
2001, United States received support for action against Al Qaeda from a broad cooperation that
included all the major power houses and also support from the Middle East countries5. After the
attacks of 9/11, there was a cooperation and establishment of International Relations and support
from United Nations to form proper legal and corporative infrastructure to effectively counter
terrorism. However, the war that took place in Iraq broke down and destroyed the unity of the
strategic effective International Relations to combat global terrorism. However, the strategy of
administration of United States to reject International Law, triggered distrust from different
quarters on global scale . It was estimated by the US National Intelligence Al Qaeda has the
capabilities to attack the United States6. The Al Qaeda inspired the Jihadis and this caused
disruptions for the United States to launch a major battle against the Al Qaeda and the Taliban in
Afghanistan and the borders of Afghanistan/ Pakistan borders7. With the collaboration of Taliban
and Al Qaeda will pose a major threat to the United States.
5 Pezdek, Kathy. "Memory for the events of September 11, 2001." In Memory and Society, pp.
75-92. Psychology Press, 2013.
6 Herman, Michael. Intelligence services in the information age. Routledge, 2013.

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Presently, the mechanism adopted internationally that facilitates actions collectively to
counter Terrorism is all-inclusive or comprehensive but it is not reliable or authoritative. The Un
Security council has passed resolutions against global terrorism and several strategies have been
adopted by the General Assembly8. However, only the elements of Security Council are
dependable and authoritative9. Although there are around seventy formal as well as informal
organization that are aiming to counter terrorism, very less has been done to develop the
mechanism to combat terrorism in global scale and also little has been done to aid the local
strategies to counter terrorism.
Policy options
Some of the policy options that inculcate International Relations to combat terrorism and
take counter measures to combat terrorism are as follows:
 The United States should undertake strategy and make policies to launch a specific war
against major terrorist organization Al Qaeda and its associates in the country
Afghanistan. The policy should ensure that United States should have the proper and
7 Chulov, Martin, and Paul Lewis. "Isis Jihadis Using Captured Arms and Troop Carriers from
US and Saudis." The Guardian8 (2014).
8 Dreher, Axel, and Nathan M. Jensen. "Country or leader? Political change and UN General
Assembly voting." European Journal of Political Economy 29 (2013): 183-196.
9 Wood, Michael. "The Interpretation of Security Council Resolutions, Revisited." Max Planck
Yearbook of United Nations Law Online 20, no. 1 (2017): 1-35.

7INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS ON TERRORISM
necessary resources to combat the operations of Al Qaeda and the States, which aids and
support the activities and operations of Al Qaeda.
 The United Nations being a major super power should support the strategies of the
associate nations as well as they should cooperate with local strategies to combat
terrorism against the local terrorist groups as well as the terrorist networks persisting in
sub-regional areas10.
 The United States of America should persists with the strategies and should improve
International Relations among neighbouring nations as well as the other Super Powers
like Russia and other developed nations to combat terrorism which is becoming a
menace to the humanity globally11. They should cooperate with the police, intelligence
and other finance investigators in the mutual level. They should also work on building
multilateral prowess to aid this cooperation or collaborations.
 All the nations should engage in developing international Relations in a broad diplomatic
endeavour to bring back peace and stability among nations globally.
It is necessary to respond effectively against both the threats of Al Qaeda and other
terrorist organizations .Thus, it is necessary to build extensive international partnership
and infrastructure .There is a dire need of better and stronger prowess in order to
capitalize and aid offensive efforts against Al Qaeda. It is important to build national
scope and it is important to support and aid local strategies against global terrorism, they
10 Nesi, Giuseppe, ed. International cooperation in counter-terrorism: the United Nations and
regional organizations in the fight against terrorism. Routledge, 2016.
11 Qureshi, Waseem Ahmad. "Combating International Terrorism." Fla. J. Int'l L. 29 (2017): 1.

8INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS ON TERRORISM
should undertake robust and organized legal framework. It should support diplomatic
cooperation on departments of intelligence and finance.
Recommendations
It is recommended that a new organization is created that would aim to help the quality of
strategies aimed to meet the measures against global Terrorism. This organization would comply
with the existing treaties to counter Terrorism and agree to the international frameworks. This
organization should aim to set standard for the action of the state. In order to improve the
efficiency of the organization , it should improve the already existing capacities of UN office of
Drugs and Crime12 .It should work in such a way so that it enhance the role of UN Security
Council to mitigate the threats to the peace and global security internationally.
There are also many other ways in which the organization can improve its efficiencies in
order to counter terrorism in global scale. One of such efficiencies include the creation of High
Commissioner to counter terrorism, it would be modeled in such a way that it functions like High
Commissioner for refugees. The implementation and formation of such organization in order to
curb menace like Global Terrorism is only possible by following proper and organized
International Relations on Terrorism.
12 Bourgois, Philippe. "Insecurity, the War on Drugs, and Crimes of the State: Symbolic Violence
in the Americas." Violence at the Urban Margins (2015): 305-321.

9INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS ON TERRORISM
Conclusion
After preparing the policy brief about the public policy in the International Relations on
Terrorisms on global scale, several major elements on public policy related to International
Relations on Terrorism has been identified. It has been observed that threat of Terrorism is a
major menace and global issue of concerns .It needs to be mitigated and combated from the
roots. This paper, which provides the policy brief regarding International Relations on Terrorism
highlights the importance of International Relations to stop or combat the terrorism globally .The
paper also identifies and highlights the various policies that can be taken and implemented by the
major Superpowers of developed nations in order to counter terrorism . They should however
cooperate with each other, as it is not possible for any nation to tackle and counter terrorism
independently. Lastly, this policy paper recommends the formation of a specified organization,
which should aim to tackle terrorism with the support of the international bodies like United
Nations (UN).

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References
Baylis, John, Steve Smith, and Patricia Owens, eds. The globalization of world politics: an
introduction to international relations. Oxford University Press, 2017.
Bourgois, Philippe. "Insecurity, the War on Drugs, and Crimes of the State: Symbolic Violence
in the Americas." Violence at the Urban Margins (2015): 305-321.
Byman, Daniel. Al Qaeda, the Islamic State, and the Global Jihadist Movement: What Everyone
Needs to Know. What Everyone Needs To Know, 2015.
Chulov, Martin, and Paul Lewis. "Isis Jihadis Using Captured Arms and Troop Carriers from US
and Saudis." The Guardian8 (2014).
Dreher, Axel, and Nathan M. Jensen. "Country or leader? Political change and UN General
Assembly voting." European Journal of Political Economy 29 (2013): 183-196.
Gilpin, Robert. The political economy of international relations. Princeton University Press,
2016.
Herman, Michael. Intelligence services in the information age. Routledge, 2013.
LaFree, Gary, Laura Dugan, and Erin Miller. Putting terrorism in context: Lessons from the
Global Terrorism Database. Routledge, 2014.
Nesi, Giuseppe, ed. International cooperation in counter-terrorism: the United Nations and
regional organizations in the fight against terrorism. Routledge, 2016.

11INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS ON TERRORISM
Pezdek, Kathy. "Memory for the events of September 11, 2001." In Memory and Society, pp. 75-
92. Psychology Press, 2013.
Qureshi, Waseem Ahmad. "Combating International Terrorism." Fla. J. Int'l L. 29 (2017): 1.
Wood, Michael. "The Interpretation of Security Council Resolutions, Revisited." Max Planck
Yearbook of United Nations Law Online 20, no. 1 (2017): 1-35.