Review of the Internet Gaming Disorder Scale: Psychometric Analysis

This report presents a critical review of the Internet Gaming Disorder Scale-Short Form 9 (IGDS-SF9), assessing its psychometric properties as per the assignment brief. The review begins with an introduction to the increasing prevalence of gaming behavior and the need for standardized measurement tools. It explores the scale's development, including its factor structure (exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis), reliability (Cronbach's alpha and test-retest), and validity (concurrent validity). The review delves into the strengths of the IGDS-SF9, such as its ability to assess the severity of Internet gaming disorder (IGD) based on DSM-5 criteria, and its use of a short-form scale for efficient assessment. It also discusses the use of exploratory factor analysis and confirmatory factor analysis to establish the scale's structure and validity. The report draws upon existing literature and findings related to the scale. The conclusion evaluates the IGDS-SF9's usefulness and limitations, emphasizing its potential for identifying disordered gaming behavior and its contribution to the field of behavioral addiction assessment.

Psychological testing
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Contents
Introduction......................................................................................................................................3
Review finding.................................................................................................................................3
Summary of key aspects to be explored in the review................................................................3
Determine the psychometric strengths and weakness of chosen instrument...............................5
Conclusion and evaluation...............................................................................................................6
REFERENCES................................................................................................................................8
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Introduction
In recently, it has been increasingly the growth of gaming behaviour among individuals. It
has been done something that need to be overcome the problem stemming from heterogeneity of
gaming addiction nomenclature and use of non-standardised measurement tools (Bernaldo-de-
Quirós & Labrador, 2020). Generally, it has been following the inclusion on the concept of
internet gaming disorder and identify its future condition with the help of diagnosis and
statistical manual testing.
The primary aim of this study is to develop a new item in context of short form scale which
means that assess the internal gaming disorder. Furthermore, it is helping to further explore its
psychometric properties. In this study, it has been used the exploratory factor analysis,
confirmatory factor analysis and also analyses of criterion related or concurrent validity or
reliability standards error for purpose of measurement. In order to generate accurate result and
revealed a single factor structure for internet gaming disorder.
Review finding
Summary of key aspects to be explored in the review
The research study is basically identify the psychosocial effect of video games which has
been changing the behaviour of people. Research on the gaming behaviour is all about the way in
which understand the importance in last few years (Arıcak, Dinç & Griffiths, 2018). However, it
has been argued that uses inconsistent non-standardised criteria to assess gaming addiction.
Usually, it has been adopted the wide range of nomenclature such as online gaming. These are
helping to address phenomenon of compulsive internet, online gaming addiction.
In the study, it has been analysed the statistical manual of mental disorder which include
by American Psychiatric Association and doing some study on the internet gaming disorder. in
present time, it has been already increasing the demand of online gaming during Covid-19, all
people can attract towards internet gaming in the house. It is becoming consider as great
opportunity for people to enjoy time with families, friends (Bernaldo-de-Quirós & Labrador,
2020). The research has been conducted by researcher to observe thing and debate surrounding
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legitimacy of IGD as independent clinical disorder (Sánchez-Iglesias & et.al., 2020). As per
analysis, it has been implementing the clinical diagnosis procedure in context of IGD comprises
a behaviour pattern of individual people towards online gaming. Furthermore, it has been
observed complex health issue different peoples but it can be examined through IGD criteria:
preoccupation with internet games, Withdrawal symptoms when online internet gaming is taken
away. On the basis of analysis, it has been identified the unsuccessful attempts to control
participation in the internet games.
Internet gaming disorder scale refers to the short form such as IGDS9-SF and also
represent as psychometric tool adapted from different core criteria. This can define the way of
IGD with the help of DSM-5, the primary use of this kind of instrument is to find the severity of
IGD and also examine their significant effects by examining both offline and online gaming
activities. These are occurred over 12- months’ time intervals (Evren & et.al., 2018). Within
specific time, it has been obtained the score by summing the gamer’s answer and estimate the
total scores range from 9 to 45, with shown an accurate answer and also indicative of higher
degree of gaming disorder (Bernaldo-de-Quirós & Labrador, 2020). It is also becoming consider
as worth noting that identifies main purpose of instrument which is not properly diagnose IGD
but it assess the overall severity and accompanying detrimental effects to actual gamer’s life. On
the basis of research analysis, it become easier for classifying disordered games and non-disorder
games by consideration of score-board. Therefore, it may support for doing tests and calculate
result or outcome.
Researcher has been performed the internet gaming disorder test (IGD-20), I order to
identify the 20 different items rated on a 5-point scale: strongly disagree, disagree and neither
agree or disagree, agree, strongly disagree. These are different criteria that help to find out the
actual result. Moreover, it reflect on the nine criteria of IGD as DSM-5 and also embedded in
theoretical framework of component model of addiction. In order to perform IGD-20 test and
find assess the severity of IGD by identifying activities of online as well as offline gaming. In
this study, it is mainly depending on the Cronbach’s alpha for IGD-20 test, in weekly basis
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estimate the game play variable. This can help to measure and use to examine the concurrent
validity, establishing a strong correlational between multiple measurement in variables.
Determine the psychometric strengths and weakness of chosen instrument
In research study, it has chosen the procedure for establishing a strong coordination and
communication with different participants through Survey. Therefore, it has been checked threat
of individual people on the basis of their experience. When using appropriate online data collect
method that help for providing the benefit or advantage in regards ease of access to larger sample
pools, opportunity to reach a heterogeneous group of gamers and players (Bernaldo-de-Quirós &
Labrador, 2020). In this way, it helps to identify the cost efficiency and its usefulness or practical
aspect for examining research behavioural addiction, especially in the case of online gamers.
During research analysis, it has been consider exploratory factor analysis (EFA),
investigating the IGDS-SF9 factor structure. It was randomly spilt into different samples.
Therefore, EF using a principle axis factoring extraction technique with Promax Rotation on the
9 different items of IGD-SF9. This type of analysis will support for representing the entire
factorial structure and construct validity (Evren & et.al., 2018). A large number of components
are becoming extracted and determined through examination of multiple values.
The strength of exploratory factor analysis technique is that used to minimise or reduce data
to smaller set of summary variables. Afterwards, it has been exploring the underlying a specific
theoretical structure of phenomena. Generally, this type of analysis approach is basically identify
the structure of relationship between variable and respondent. The objective of exploratory factor
analysis is helping to discover the factor structure of measurement and also examine its internal
reliability. EFA often recommended when investigators have no specific hypotheses about the
nature of underlying factor structure (Kaplan & Saccuzzo, 2017). In research study, it has been
implement the exploratory factor analysis approach in order to express the smaller value than .08
and become acceptable fit whereas optimal fit is expressed by value close to.06. Generally, it is
depending on the assumptions, the analysis of first-order model which provide an optimal fit for
IGDS-SF9.
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On the other hand, Confirmatory factor analysis is one of the special from of factor analysis,
most commonly used in term of social research. This is primarily used to test whether it measure
constructive values and become maintain consistent with investigator’s understanding the
specific nature of value. In research study, investigator has been focused on the confirm the
single factor as solution found of IGDS-SF9 obtained in EFA, CFA as maximum likelihood with
consideration of robust standards errors estimation through specific method or technique. This
type of confirmatory analysis factor is provided the better solution and further help to establish a
correlation in the form structure (Paschke, Austermann & Thomasius, 2020). In most of cases, it
was preferred to use traditional maximum likelihood approach because it is helping to deal with
any kind of non-normality issue or problem. Confirmatory factor analysis include in the research
study and using the nine IGDS-SF9 items in order to confirm the high level of single solution. it
is one of the best technique in which help for estimation method and also preferred to handle the
generated result or outcome.
Conclusion and evaluation
On the basis of evaluation, it has been examined the purpose of study in which develop a
brief screening tool or platform to assess gaming addiction on the basis of diagnostic DSM-5
criteria for IGD. It has been evaluated the specific goals in which consider of two steps: firstly, it
comprises 9 different items through psychometric tool on the basis of DSM-5 Diagnostic criteria.
These are basically expressed the significant values in which generate result in the field. Another
way, it has been developed a new platform which may support for depth analysis of
psychometric examination. But initially, it has been demonstrated with single factor solution for
IGD by using 9 different items. Moreover, it expressed the entire structure which completely
emerged within EFA. Afterwards, it become easier for confirmed the solution as provide the
suitable indices and also confirm the actual ability on the basis of proposed single factor solution.
During research analysis, it is mainly focused on the IGD (Internet gaming disorder),
which means that create as conceptualized in context of gaming addiction. As a result, it has
been developing a new psychometric tool or platform in order to assess IGD with 20 different
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items. on behalf of studies, it has been proposed the IGD’s Diagnostic validity in term of clinical
aspect. In some situation, investigator has been attempted to test vability of specific concept in
regards of gaming addiction. Consequently, The current study has been show a new contribution
of frame work related to the behavioral aspects by providing the new or brief valid psychometric
tool for assessing Internet gaming disorder. In future research, if in case, it holds the single factor
solution for other kind of sample in different contexts and populations. In presently, it has been
conceptualized the IGD which may be replicated in future aspect. Through study, it has been
examined the proposed method in order to differentiate the disordered and non-disordered gamer
with the help of IGDS-SF9. It helps to check to empirical validity and then comparison with
multiple diagnosed sample that could be made to actual test scores. On the basis of discussion, it
has been concluded that there is no limitation within study but the use of convenience sample
despite way to being practice across different variables. In order to represent the convenience for
gamer to use themselves. Therefore, it may support to the interpreted term of generalizability and
also replicate the current finding through samples.
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REFERENCES
Book and Journals
Arıcak, O. T., Dinç, M. & Griffiths, M. D. (2018). Adapting the short form of the Internet
Gaming Disorder Scale into Turkish: Validity and reliability. Addicta: The Turkish
Journal on Addictions.
Bernaldo-de-Quirós, M. & Labrador, F. J. (2020). Measurement instruments of Internet gaming
disorder in adolescents and young people according to DSM-5 criteria: a systematic
review. Adicciones. 32(4).
Evren, C. & et.al., (2018). Psychometric validation of the Turkish nine-item internet gaming
disorder scale–short form (IGDS9-SF). Psychiatry Research. 265. 349-354.
Kaplan, R.M. & Saccuzzo, D.P. (2017). Psychological testing: Principles, applications, and
issues. Cengage Learning.
Paschke, K., Austermann, M. I., & Thomasius, R. (2020). Assessing ICD-11 gaming disorder in
adolescent gamers: Development and validation of the gaming disorder scale for
adolescents (GADIS-A). Journal of clinical medicine, 9(4), 993.
Sánchez-Iglesias, I. & et.al., (2020). Spanish Validation and Scoring of the Internet Gaming
Disorder Scale-Short-Form (IGDS9-SF). The Spanish Journal of Psychology. 23.
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