Comparative Analysis of OSI and TCP/IP Models in IoT Networks

This assignment delves into the comparison and contrast of the OSI reference model and the TCP/IP networking model, identifying their similarities and differences. The solution highlights that TCP/IP is more useful due to its standardized protocols and reliability. Furthermore, the assignment provides a brief description of the Address Resolution Protocol (ARP), explaining its function in mapping IP addresses to physical addresses and the purpose of the ARP cache in maintaining this correlation. The assignment references several academic sources to support the analysis and explanations of these networking concepts.

Running head: INTERNET OF THINGS
INTERNET OF THINGS
Name of Student
Name of University
Author Note

1INTERNET OF THINGS
Q1.Compare and contrast the OSI reference model with the TCP/IP networking model.
Which one is more useful when working with and describing networks and why?
The similarities between the OSI reference model and TCP/IP networking model are-
 Both of the models consist of several layers.
 The functionality of the layers are almost same
 The both are type of reference model
 They both are protocol stack
 They both are conceptual models used for description network communications
These are the major differences between the OSI reference model and TCP/IP networking
model
OSI(OPEN SYSTEM
INTERCONNECTION)
TCP/IP (TRANSMISSION CONTROL
PROTOCOL/ INTERNET PROTOCOL)
OSI is a generic type which is independent of any
protocol and works as a communication gateway
between the network and users(Holappa, 2013).
TCP/IP is based on standardized protocols. The
internet has been constructed based around these
protocols. It is a communication protocol which
allows the hosts to connect over a network((Shang
et al, 2016).
It follows vertical approach. It follows horizontal approach.
It has distinct presentation layer and session layer It does not contain separate presentation layer and
session layer(Goralski, 2017).
The transport layer assures the delivery of the
packet data.
In this protocol the transport layer does not
guarantee the delivery of packet of data.
The transport layer is connection oriented Transport layer is both connection oriented and can
be also connectionless as well

2INTERNET OF THINGS
It has 7 layers It contains 4 layers
The protocols are hidden in OSI model and can
be easily replaced if the technology changes
In case of TCP/IP the replacement is not possible
OSI model does not fit any type of protocol TCP/IP has no issue in fitting to any protocol
OSI is less reliable TCP/IP is more reliable
Q2.Briefly describe the Address Resolution Protocol (ARP). What is the purpose of the
ARP Cache.
ARP is acronym of the term address resolution plan which is an important part of IP
networking(Jinhua & Kejian, 2013). The ARP is defined as the protocol which is used for
doing the mapping an internet protocol address(IP address) to a physical address of a machine
that is identified in local address(Ancillotti, Bruno & Conti, 2013). The most used protocol is
now IPV4 which has a address of length of 32 bits. The Ethernet address which is attached to
devices are 48 bit long though. This address is also called Media Access Control (MAC)
address.
ARP cache is basically a table which is used to keep a correlation between the MAC
address of a machine and corresponding IP address. ARP cache accommodates ARP requests
where a gateway has to deal with the sending of data packet within a local network(Tripathi
& Mehtre, 2013). The gateway uses ARP to locate the MAC address. The gateway may
generate an ARP request, where the system will use information in the ARP cache to find the
right connected device for a given address.

3INTERNET OF THINGS
REFERENCE
Ancillotti, E., Bruno, R., & Conti, M. (2013). The role of the RPL routing protocol for smart
grid communications. IEEE Communications Magazine, 51(1), 75-83.
Goralski, W. (2017). The illustrated network: how TCP/IP works in a modern network.
Morgan Kaufmann.
Holappa, M. (2013). Performance Comparison of LTE ENODEB OSI Layer 2
Implementations; Preemptive Partitioned Scheduling vs. Non-Preemptive Global
Scheduling. Master's Thesis, Degree Programme in Information Networks.
Jinhua, G., & Kejian, X. (2013, January). ARP spoofing detection algorithm using ICMP
protocol. In Computer Communication and Informatics (ICCCI), 2013 International
Conference on (pp. 1-6). IEEE.
Shang, W., Yu, Y., Droms, R., & Zhang, L. (2016). Challenges in IoT networking via TCP/IP
architecture. Technical Report NDN-0038. NDN Project.
Tripathi, N., & Mehtre, B. M. (2013, December). An ICMP based secondary cache approach
for the detection and prevention of ARP poisoning. In Computational Intelligence and
Computing Research (ICCIC), 2013 IEEE International Conference on (pp. 1-6).
IEEE.