A Comprehensive Report on IOT and Smart Home Network Systems

This report provides a comprehensive overview of the Internet of Things (IOT) and its application in smart home networks. It begins with an introduction to IOT and its benefits, including increased convenience and improved security. The report then delves into the architecture of smart home networks, detailing the components such as Arduino, WIFI, and various sensors. It also describes the functionality of IOT devices, such as smart TVs, temperature sensors, cameras, smart locks, and smart ovens, while also addressing their usage, control, connectivity, security, and privacy concerns. The report also addresses the general issues in smart homes such as privacy, security, compatibility, complexity, and safety. The report concludes with a discussion of the challenges and potential solutions related to the implementation of IOT in smart home environments. This report is designed to provide students with a solid understanding of IOT and its practical applications in the context of smart homes.

IOT

Table of Contents
Introduction......................................................................................................................................2
Home network.................................................................................................................................3
Diagram........................................................................................................................................5
Description of the devices...............................................................................................................5
Conclusion.....................................................................................................................................10
References......................................................................................................................................11
Appendix........................................................................................................................................13

Introduction
In the recent past electronics, electrical and electromagnetic devices were supporting all the
functions and activities which were associated with the day to day life (Gubbi et al., 2013).
Among them some devices were semi automated and some were fully automated. In present era,
due to advancement of the information and communication technology, trend is more towards
the automation phase wherein all the required day to day life functionalities can be carried out
with very less individual’s intervention (Kellyc et al., 2013). Therefore, the present report is
mainly focused on the beneficial of IOT and smart home network in day to day life activities.
The report also emphasizes on the explanation of the IOT devices uses in smart home.
IOT and home networks
According to the Sanchez et al., (2014), IOT i.e. internet of things is the word where virtual,
digital and real environments combine to make a smart society which makes the life style easy.
Due to advancement of the software and hardware system it is possible to communicate between
heterogeneous and homogeneous devices (Tao et al., 2014). From the users perspective internet
of thing makes the system more easy, flexible, convenient and cheap to handle all the devices
which are utilized at workplace and homes.

Due to advancement of the technology, today’s world is digitalized. Beginning from the handled
devices to smart appliance to computer system, world is digitalized. Thereby, smart home would
be better steps for the next future (Lee & Lee, 2015). The system is effectively controlled the
devices, appliances and lights; therefore it helps the users to reduce the power consumption. The
system mainly uses the internet technology to control the home appliances as well as the lights.
Apart from that switching on and switching off the lights, the system can effectively control via
ambient temperature sensor and can also adjust the weather inside the home. Moreover it helps
the users to control the appliance system from remote locations using hand held devices.
IOT benefits in day to day living Convenience is considered one of the biggest benefits of
smart homes and it provides the users to remote access to system such as culling and heating
system, multimedia and music system and intercoms devices throughout the dwelling. Therefore
the first and foremost advantage of smart phone is convenient as the users can access and
controlled several operations including temperature and lighting in easy and fast manner. In
addition to this, adoption of this technology helps the individuals to solve security related
problems as it offers high level of the security system (Xu, Wendt & Potkonjak, 2014). Moreover
it can help conserve energy and reduce the costs. Therefore the discussion shows that use of the
IOT technogly not only helps to simplify the activities of life but also helps them to perform
multiple tasks in a fast and easy manner.

General issues in smart homes
Privacy and Security: - It is considered one of the vital issues associated with the smart home.
As the advancement of the information technology, several persons implement the smart home
concepts that create information beach problems. As all the information is associated with the
internet, therefore hackers or attackers can attack the systems in order to steal the information
and compromise the security of smart homes (Lee & Lee, 2015).
Compatibility: - presently, there are international rules and regulations of compatibility for the
monitoring and tagging of the equipments (Riahi et al., 2013) For this reason some organizations
make these devices with less level of security. Therefore in my opinion it is also considered to
be the main issue of smart home.
Complexity:- As all the systems are connected with the internet therefore there are more
opportunities of failure. With IOT, failure could sky rocket.

Safety: - Safety is also considered to be one of the main issues because there is no industry
standard associated with the IOT devices.
Home network Domotics of home automation is building automation for dwelling, known as
the smart house or smart home. It involves in automation and control of lighting, heating
(including smart thermostats), air conditions, ventilation and security as well as home devices
including oven, washer, and freezer. In order to access the functionality of the IOT devices, users
mainly implemented WIFI technology (Hwang, 2015). Home appliances mainly controlled using
internet known as the internet of things.
The WIFI technology has been mainly implemented in my smart home and it helps in connecting
IOT devices to interact with the database. Smart system mainly consists with the web server
based on Arduino WIFI and hardware interface modules as well as Android smart phone
application. The smart home architecture in mainly divided into the three sections these are
Home Environment, Home network and Remote Environment (Gubbi et al., 2013).
Remote environment mainly shows that users who mainly access the system on their Android
phone apps via WIFI. Home environment mainly includes home network and all the devices. The
main objective or functions of the home network is to communicate devices and users. In my,
smart home the main component of the home network is Arduino and WIFI. The main functions
of the Arduino are to control, monitor, manage system component that enable the hardware
devices module to effectively execute its tasks.
Hardware devices systems are directly connected with the sensors. It has abilities to control
energy management system such as Fans, Lights, Washing Machine and Water Taps. In order to
effectively monitor the home appliances; users implements the humidity and temperature, Door
status, Motion detection and video monitoring and others. Functionality of the smart home is
presented below;

ARDUNINO
Regulated power supply
WIFI
Relay driver
1
Transistor
Relay driver 2
AC Light
DC Fan
Water Tap
Washing
machine
PIR Sensor
Temperature
sensor
LDR sensor

If the user wants to switch off the light, then they send request to home network through android
phone using WIFI technology. The home network is mainly consists with the WIFI devices and
Arduino UNO devices that helps to control the all devices in better manner. When Ardunino
devices ((based on the ATmega 328P with 16 digital input and output pins) accept the request
then they send these request to relay driver 1. When relay driver 1 accept the request then they
performed their operations and switch off the light. After completion of the operations they send
the completion request to Ardunino and further the message send to the user’s mobiles in form of
status message that light is switch off.
Diagram
Description of the devices
Devices
description
Issues
usage control connectivity security privacy
1. Smart
television
In order to
operate the
smart
television
users need to
have internet
connectivity;
therefore if
connectivity
is interrupted
for some
reason then
the device
would not
work
properly
IOT
technology is
more complex
therefore the
controlling of
the
functionality
of the smart
TV is not
easy.
Smart TV
based on the
internet
connectivity,
therefore;
therefore
some users
face the
problems to
connect to
Net filix or
internet.
Smart TV uses
the Web cam;
therefore if the
hackers or
network
attackers
access Smart
TV through
internet using
hacking
process then
they access all
information in
easy manner
(Tao et al.,
2014).
Smart TV
put the
privacy at
risks since it
uses the
smart TV
cameras
which could
be utilized to
spy on
innocent
person.

solutions In order to solve the issues organization needs to implement cryptographic
techniques and dual firewall techniques that helps the safe user information in
better manner.
2. usage control connectivity security privacy
Temperature
sensor
Temperature
sensor devices
mainly make
decision
regarding
temperature
sensor through
available of the
information.
Therefore if
information not
available in
regular manner
then in create
problems.
To control
the
temperature
sensor,
controlling
devices is
used.
Therefore if
controlling
devices are
not working
in a proper
manner
than it
would also
affect the
functioning
of the
temperature
sensor.
If the
connectivity
of the internet
not working
properly then
it impacted
the
functionality
of the devices.
The
descriptive
ability of the
network
attackers of
hackers
impact the
security of
the person.
Attackers
can access
uses
information.
solutions In order to solve this problem, the first and foremost thing is that smart
temperature sensor needs to update in regular basis. Use of this, techniques helps
the users to control the room temperature in better manner.
3 usage control connectivity security privacy
camera If the
Ethernet wire
not work
Controlling
the camera
functionality
Bad weather
condition
impacted the
With the help
of user
information
Camera
mainly
record the

properly;
then the
camera not
working
properly.
done using
mobile apps;
therefore if
wifi
connectivity
not working
properly then
it impacted.
connectivity hackers can
get
unauthorized
access to their
personal data
which they
would then
utilise for their
own personal
gains. .
users
movement
and store
them in
database;
therefore if
attackers can
access their
daily life
activities.
This
impacted the
User’s
privacy.
solutions User’s needs to implements WIFI protected Access encryption protocol system
and change password in regular manner.
4 usage control connectivity security privacy
Nest’s smart
controlling
home
temperature
Lack of the
internet
connectivity
hampered the
uses of smart
controlling
home
temperature.
requires high
skills to
control
lack of
internet
connectivity
hampered the
connectivity
If the smart
control system
is hacked by
the hackers
then the
hackers can
execute the
devices as per
their
preferences
not impacted
solutions In order to control the smart controlling home temperature organization needs to
incorporate use of a firewall system and update firmware in regular basis.
5 usage control connectivity security privacy
smart locks Smart locks Controlling is Improper If the hackers If the

system work
with the plain
text
password;
therefore if it
has been
hacked by
hackers then
they can steal
the objects
and items
belong to the
user. .
complexity
and required
higher skills
and
kowndlege
internet
connection
affected the
functionality
of smart
phone
can access the
users smart
locks
password then
they able to
access user’s
home
appliance in
easy manner.
hackers
access the
data base
where
information
is stored,
then privacy
is impacted.
Solutions. In order to solve these problems users needs to implements the security software
that protect the devices from attackers in easy manner. Moreover users also need
to secure their Smartphone. Use of unique password protecting system users also
protects their network from attackers.
6 usage control connectivity security privacy
smart home
lighting
It works with
the
combination
of LED
lighting with
mobile
technology.
Therefore
lighting can
be controlled
using relay
drivers. Thus
due to
Complexity of
the
architecture
creates
problems to
control the
functionality.
Smart home
lighting
connectivity
is failure if
WIFI
connectivity
is interrupted.
Weak
password
system
hampered the
security
system of the
home.
NO

complexity of
the
architecture
smart home
lighting not
work
properly.
solutions
7 usage control connectivity security privacy
Smart watch Risks
involves in
smart watch
as the
software can
be large and
complex.
Thus it is
creates
problems in
usage.
Complexity of
the
architecture
creates
problems to
control the
functionality
Smart home
watch
connectivity
is failure if
WIFI
connectivity
is interrupted.
As users using
mobile
banking using
smart watch,
therefore
hackers may
start the target
and access the
information
easily.
The attackers
or hackers
access the
user’s
personal
information
without
his/her
concern.
Therefore
the privacy is
hampered
effectively.
solutions In order to secure smart watch in better manner users needs to incorporate high
password techniques and also needs to update its security software in regular
manner (Kellyc et al., 2013).
8 usage control connectivity security privacy
Smart oven If the motion
system not
working
properly then
oven internal
Complexity of
the
architecture
creates
problems to
If sensor not
works
effectively
then the
connectivity
Attackers
mainly hacked
the smart oven
security
system that
Privacy is
not impacted
by hacking
of smart
oven.