Nursing Case Study: Analysis of Patient Care, Treatment, and Outcomes

This nursing case study examines the care of a patient, Marla, who has suffered multiple injuries and health issues including hypoglycaemia, hypertension, and fractures. The study begins with an interpretation of the patient's assessed data, including vital signs and blood glucose levels, followed by an application of relevant pathophysiology to explain her conditions. It details a comprehensive nursing care plan that addresses diagnoses, goals, and interventions, including medication and multi-disciplinary team involvement. The analysis extends to an evaluation of the inter-professional model of care, nursing standards, and national safety and quality standards, highlighting how these elements contribute to patient outcomes. The case study emphasizes the importance of evidence-based practices, patient safety, and effective communication in providing quality healthcare, culminating in a discussion of how these principles can improve the patient's physical and mental health.

NURSING CASE STUDY

TABLE OF CONTENTS
INTRODUCTION....................................................................................................................... 1
PART-1....................................................................................................................................... 1
1.1 Interpretation of assessed data....................................................................................... 1
l 1.2 Application of relevant pathophysiology.....................................................................1
l 1.3 Nursing care and plan................................................................................................. 2
PART-2....................................................................................................................................... 4
Analysis of inter-professional model of care, nursing standard 2016 and national safety and
quality standards................................................................................................................. 4
CONCLUSION............................................................................................................................ 6
REFERENCES............................................................................................................................ 6

INTRODUCTION
Nursing can be termed as acute care which is being provided to people suffering from
disabilities, sickness or injuries. It gives protection to patients from diseases where focus of
nurses is on providing service users safer environment and involve individuals in activities
which helps in early recovery (Schopman and et.al., 2014). Report will show effectiveness of
nursing care and treatment which is being provided to patient with the help of inter-professional
model of care that can be useful for improving health of people. Study will also include role of
nursing and national safety standards to treatment and care.
PART-1
1.1 Interpretation of assessed data
Analysed data implies that Marla's is suffering from various diseases. Problems related to
hypoglycaemia, dehydration, hypertension fatigue has been assessed through information which
is being provided. Health professionals has noted that patient's urine flow was 56 ml/hour which
is an abnormal condition for the kidney of service users. It has also been assessed that
individual's blood pressure lies on 95/50 and pulse rate on 120 bpm. All this information related
to person indicates that Marla is not fit and is suffering from various chronic diseases. Charts
also shows that blood glucose level of patient was at 2.8 mmol/L while normal bgl lies between
4 to 6 mmol/L. Data assessed also brings in notice of health-care supervisors that, patient have
left distal closed transverse tibia and left distal comminuted fibula and femur fracture. It has also
been noted that patient has lost her IV cannula and is nil by mouth.
l1.2 Application of relevant pathophysiology
Pathophysiology can be termed as conditions or symptoms which are seen in a patient
while suffering from any disease or injury. This study deals with dynamic disorders which can
be seen while going through any sickness. Scenario here shows that Ms. Marla Anthony who
met with an accident is suffering from health concerns like, like hypoglycaemia and fracture in
both legs. Fluid balance charts reveals that it urine flows continues at 56 ml/hour. This indication
is good for 17 kg kid, but not appropriate for current patient. It is considered as low as normal
adult have outflow of urine between 100-120 ml/hour. This can lead to dehydration in an
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individual. It was noted that person's blood pressure was measured at 95/50 which is sign of low
hypertension. This may arise because of dehydration or severe blood loss during an injury.
It was noted that Marla's pulse rate was 120 bpm, which is quiet high due to heavy
consumption of alcohol, caffeine or harmful drugs. It may result into problems like high blood
pressure, fatigue, restlessness, shortness of breath. This situation also increases the risk of heart
stroke (Pedersen-Bjergaard and et.al., 2014). Respiratory rate of lady was 12 which is quiet
normal among adults. High RR can result into severe illness like pneumonia. Patient's Body
Temperature has been seen at 38.3. This is considered as quiet low. It can be developed into
disease like hypothermia which can lead to failure of heart and often results into death.
Symptoms may include dizziness, sleep deceptiveness, dehydration and hypertension.
Patient's Sao2 oxygen saturation has been recorded at 92% which is quiet normal. It
determines respiratory and artial blood status. It was seen that Marla's blood sugar level was
2.8mmol/L which implies that person is suffering from high diabetes. Normal individual BGL
lies between 4.0 to 5.4 mmol/L. This shows that individual is suffering from various problems
like hypertension, dehydration, hypothermia, diabetes, insomnia, etc.
l1.3 Nursing care and plan
Nursing care plans are implemented by health-care professionals to provide patients
quality of health care services. It also helps in effective communication between service users,
patients, nurses, doctors and supervisors. It is mainly undertaken to achieve positive health
outcomes.
Diagnosis: Patient has been assessed with various diseases like hypoglycaemia,
hypertension, anxiety, fatigue and dehydration. All these sicknesses are diagnosed after critically
evaluating patient's pulse, respiratory rate, glucose level, and blood pressure. Person is suffering
from different problems due to heavy consumption of alcohol, cigarettes and drugs. Loss of
severe blood during injury is another cause of these health concerns in patient. Patient has been
diagnosed with symptoms like anxiety, fatigue, weakness, unconsciousness, etc., (Bramley and
Matiti, 2014).
Marla also suffers from high blood rate and low blood pressure which can be a reason for
dehydration and can also lead to fear of heart-stroke. Pulse rate of lady was also high which can
result into disease like atrial fibrillation. This problem is raised in patient due to poor diet,
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consumption of harmful substances like caffeine, marijuana and drugs. This disease lead to
severe impact on health and well-being of person. It can cause issues like heart failure or sudden
cardiac arrest. Patient has also been highly diabetic due to which wound recovery might not be
easy.
Outcomes/Goals: After critically diagnosing the patient, it can be said that, she is
suffering from various injuries. For this person is being treated for wound wash service and
internal fixation of ankle. So that it can result in reduced pain for individual. Person is also being
treated for different diseases like hypoglycaemia, diabetes, hypertension and dehydration.
Diagnoses has shown that all these sicknesses can be cured by providing proper medications,
therapies, surgeries. Improving patient's diet and limiting use of alcohol can help health-care
professionals in enhancing quality of person life.
Interventions: Patient is diagnosed with acute disease like hypoglycaemia which is
caused due to heavy intake of liquor, hormonal deficiencies and genetic disorders. Person who is
diabetic is at more risk of suffering from hypoglycaemia. This disease may make individual
suffer from problems like fatigue, blindness in one eye, hopelessness or loss of consciousness. In
this blood sugar level is also assessed. BGL should be maintained at 140-180 mg/dl. Patient
blood sugar level has been noted low. Signs of suffering from this disease include headache,
atrial fibrillation, clumsiness and visual impairments. Person suffering from this should be
provided regular injections.
Various pharmaceutical assistance can be provided to Marla as per prescription of health
professionals. Regular intake of medicine like Stat IM 1mg glucagon can help individual in
overcoming this disease (Tobiano and et.al., 2015). This prescribed medicine should be taken by
patient ones or twice in a day for fast recovery. Multi-disciplinary team for lady includes
dietitian, nurses, psychologist, physician, etc. which are appointed for taking care and meeting
the requirements of patients. Carers can also provide support to Marla by encouraging and
motivating to share her beliefs, thoughts and views on medication and treatment.
Evidence based rationales are available for number of diseases like diabetes, heart-stroke,
hypoglycaemia, asthma etc. It can be provided to patient for their better treatment and care.
These practices by nurses or health-care professionals can help in improving and enhancing
patient's quality of life. Oxygenation requirements need to be adhered during nursing and care
practices. It is given to those individuals who have injured body tissues and cells. This can only
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be provided by respiratory therapist (Supplemental oxygen therapy: Important considerations in
oral and maxillofacial surgery, 2016). It is given to patient to overcome low respiratory rate and
shortness in breath. Delivery devices can be used by professionals for timely providing drugs to
patient. It will help them in medical treatment and improve mental and physical condition of
patients.
Evaluation: Patient's physical, mental and nursing care should be properly evaluated by
health-care professionals and plans must be modified on timely basis. Effectiveness of program
can be analysed by measuring if goals and outcomes have properly achieved and analysing
factors which can affect the target. This will help them in improving quality of treatment.
PART-2
Analysis of inter-professional model of care, nursing standard 2016 and national safety and
quality standards
Inter-professional model of care consists of a multi-disciplinary team who works together
to provide patient, best treatment to prevent them for illness and weakness. This theoretical
framework of team includes navigators which may be social workers, nurses, carers, health
supervisors and doctors who ensures that patients are satisfied with their diagnoses. It is highly
focused on functions such as evaluating, evidence management, patient's management and
follow up that helps in managing needs and requirements of service users.
This model will provide support to Marla in recovering through disease like
hypoglycaemia, hypertension and atrial fibrillation. It will aim at not only improving patient's
experience at health-care system but will also help in decreasing wait time for service users.
Assessing demands, punctuality in treatment and care are the core factors which helps service
providers in managing effectiveness sin patient care services (Almutairi, Gardner and McCarthy,
2014). This inter-professional nursing model also lay emphasis on person's education, building
relationship with service users in order to make individual comfortable with supervisors. They
also provide support to Marla in providing, care related to disease and guide management which
will help in early recovery of patient.
Nursing standards clearly identifies roles of health-care providers and supervisors. It also
defines code of conduct, practice and modular for practice. These models lay keen focus on
cultural practices which should be adhered when dealing with people from diverse background.
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It also emphasis on communicating and relationship building skills which would help Marla in
easily sharing her views and opinions related to care. This will also make supervisors understand
individual's requirement which will assist in effective decision making.
For making services better, multi-disciplinary team involves in implementing use of
evidence based best practices. The practices contribute in improving quality of health care
services and person life. Patient will also get benefit of this model works on principle of
promoting healthy and safe environment for individuals. Person's personal information regarding
treatment, family background, economic condition, mental and physical health status are also
protected from outsiders (Berragan, 2014).
National safety and quality standards works in context of protecting patients from harm
and are indulged in providing better services to people for improving their health conditions.
These models lay emphasis on various principles such as-
 Supplying care from clinical workforce which is guided by evidence based best practices.
 Appointing managers and health-care professionals who have right qualification and
skills which can help them in providing better and safe services.
 Designing a structure which includes patients in decision making process regarding their
treatment (National Safety and Quality Health Service Standards and their use in a
Model National Accreditation Scheme, 2016).
 Communicating with individual and health-care supervisors for building relation trust
and loyalty (Wang and et.al., 2014). This will also help them in understanding risk and
responsibilities related to treatment of patient.
 It also works on principle of partnering with patients that indicates strategies and policies
related to health services and designing of quality health-care.
 System also focuses on preventing and managing injuries which includes protection to
patient who are at risk of developing pressure injuries.
 Recognising and responding to clinical needs of patient who are suffering from chronic
and acute diseases.
Marla would be benefited by all the factors of national safety and quality standards.
Clinical assistance and advice can help service user in early recovery. It may also improve
mental and physical health condition of patient (Gardner, Gardner and O'connell, 2014). These
principles are followed by health-care professionals in order to develop relationship of trust and
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honesty with patients. This will ensure that individual is provided with safe environment which
enhances health outcomes. Multi-disciplinary team can also support Marla by providing with
pharmaceutical knowledge related to Stat IM 1mg. This medicine can help patient in avoiding
risk related to heart and also aim at controlling level of cholesterol.
CONCLUSION
This is to summarise that following report was based on scenario where patient has met
with an accident. It has been noted that individual was suffering from chronic diseases like
hypoglycaemia, dehydration, shortness in breath, diabetes and cholesterol. Further, it also
consists of nursing care and plan which can be provided to Marla for easy and fast recovery.
Also, it assessed all diseases which are being faced by patient due to heavy consumption of
alcohol and drugs. Report also consists of inter-professional model of care which helps in
supporting individual emotionally and aim at providing safe and quality health-care services.
National standard for quality and safety were also being followed by nurses for improving
mental and physical condition of patient.
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REFERENCES
Books and Journal
Almutairi, A.F., Gardner, G.E. and McCarthy, A., 2014. Practical guidance for the use of a
pattern-matching technique in case-study research: A case presentation. Nursing &
health sciences. 16(2).pp.239-244.
Berragan, L., 2014. Learning nursing through simulation: a case study approach towards an
expansive model of learning. Nurse education today. 34(8). pp.1143-1148.
Bramley, L. and Matiti, M., 2014. Patients' experiences of compassion within nursing care and
their perceptions of developing compassionate nurses. Journal of clinical nursing.
23(19-20). pp.2790-2799.
Gardner, G., Gardner, A. and O'connell, J., 2014. Using the D onabedian framework to examine
the quality and safety of nursing service innovation. Journal of clinical nursing. 23(1-
2). pp.145-155.
Pedersen-Bjergaard, U. and et.al., 2014. Effect of insulin analogues on risk of severe
hypoglycaemia in patients with type 1 diabetes prone to recurrent severe hypoglycaemia
(HypoAna trial): a prospective, randomised, open-label, blinded-endpoint crossover
trial. The lancet Diabetes & endocrinology. 2(7). pp.553-561.
Schenker, N. and et.al.,2016. Combining estimates from complementary surveys: a case study
using prevalence estimates from national health surveys of households and nursing
homes. Public Health Reports.
Schopman, J.E. and et.al., 2014. The incidence of mild and severe hypoglycaemia in patients
with type 2 diabetes mellitus treated with sulfonylureas: a systematic review and meta-
analysis. Diabetes/metabolism research and reviews. 30(1).pp.11-22.
Tobiano, G.and et.al.,2015. Patient participation in nursing care on medical wards: an integrative
review. International Journal of Nursing Studies.52(6). pp.1107-1120.
Wang, Y. and et.al., 2014. National trends in patient safety for four common conditions, 2005–
2011. New England Journal of Medicine. 370(4). pp.341-351.
Online
Supplemental oxygen therapy: Important considerations in oral and maxillofacial surgery.
2016. [ONLINE]. Available through:
<https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3304228/>.
National Safety and Quality Health Service Standards and their use in a Model National
Accreditation Scheme. 2016. [ONLINE]. Available through:
<https://www.safetyandquality.gov.au/wp-content/uploads/2010/01/National-Safety-
and-Quality-Health-Service-Standards-and-their-use-in-a-Model-National-
Accreditation-Scheme-Consultation-Regulatory-Impact-Statement-September-
2010.pdf>.
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