Critical Review of Study Design and Validity: Metabolic Syndrome Study

This report provides a critical review of a study examining the impact of home-based interventions on diet and physical activity behaviors in rural adults with metabolic syndrome. The review scrutinizes the study design, highlighting its strengths such as the use of a detailed operation study design, sampling strategies, and causality analysis, while also acknowledging limitations like potential for selection bias and the need for adequate sample size. The report further evaluates the validity and reliability of the study, discussing the measurement tools, potential biases, and the absence of triangulation and blinding. The conclusion summarizes the effective methods used in the study and suggests improvements such as ensuring participants have sufficient knowledge and reducing bias through random sampling. References to key literature are also included to support the analysis.

Critical Review for Epidemiology

Table of Contents
INTRODUCTION...........................................................................................................................3
CRITIQUE STUDY DESIGN.........................................................................................................3
CRITIQUE OF VALIDITY AND RELIABILITY.........................................................................4
CONCLUSION................................................................................................................................5
REFERENCES ...............................................................................................................................6

INTRODUCTION
The metabolic syndrome is mainly characterised through many metabolic abnormalities
consisting raised triglyceride levels, minimized the high density lipoprotein cholesterol and the
abdominal obesity. People with the metabolic syndrome are at enhanced risk to developing the
chronic disease like type 2 diabetes and the cardiovascular disease (Bell, Bryman and Harley,
2018). There will be different research methods used for conducting the study.
Aim
The aim of present study is “To examine impact of home based intervention on diet and
physical activity behaviours for the rural adults with metabolic syndrome.”
Question
What is the impact of home based intervention on diet and physical activity behaviours
for the rural adults with metabolic syndrome.
CRITIQUE STUDY DESIGN
The study design of Dot pint is highly appropriate because by making its use a detailed
analysis can be made on Dot pint in the right manner. It is evident at the different levels because
in this way it will ensure that the study is done correctly. The study design can make sure that the
various goals and objectives which have been set for the purpose of research are made. Operation
study design can be made to ensure that the variables are effectively understood in the right
manner (Bryman, 2016). Operation study design can be made through Dependent Variable and
Independent Variable. The data can be collected by making the use of different methods for the
purpose of research.
The strength of study design is that by studying it patterns of different designs can be
effectively understood. The limitation of study design is that by studying it cannot cover all the
parameters which are related with other elements in an effective manner. There is a dropout
because if the knowledge of study is not clear then this can lead to different types of problems
and issues. There is a lot for the purpose of follow-up because in this way the study can be made
in the right manner and if there are any deviations and variances then they can be resolved.
Causality study can be applied in the right manner so that a proper and thorough analysis can be
made effectively and efficiently.

The use of sampling strategy can be made so that random samples can be collected for
data analysis and interpretation. It is a useful method in research. In this strategy, random
samples are collected through which the data is analysed appropriately. Samples can be random
in nature and can be obtained through a large base of data. There is a high probability of getting
random samples of data in a right manner. Representative sample means a sample which helps a
lot in representing a large base of data. The sample size has to be be made on the population data
which is available. The representative sample can be made so that the proper analysis and
interpretation can be done (Ghauri, Grønhaug and Strange, 2020). The sample size has to be
adequate. Inclusion and Exclusion criteria can be determined on the basis of the different
elements effectively and efficiently. The external research has to be made so that the research
can be carried out on a large base of population. A control group is the one which makes sure
that an effective control can be exercised on the research which has been made.
The sample technique has it own limitation because this technique cannot be termed as
100 % accurate because the data collected through samples can also turn out to be inaccurate.
The selection bias is there because a person who is collecting data can be biased in selecting the
right sample in an effective manner. There can be a baseline comparison when the samples can
be compared with each other to select the right sample. There is a proper intention for the
purpose of proper analysis so that the research methods can be effectively used for analysing the
data effectively and efficiently so that the conclusions and recommendations can be obtained
(Rubin and Babbie, 2016).
CRITIQUE OF VALIDITY AND RELIABILITY
In independent variable (IV) is variable that mainly manipulated through an investigator
to investigate whether this brings the change in other variable. In context to DV i.e. dependent
variable measured as well as predicted to be the dependent upon independent variable. The level
to measurement of dependent variable is one of the main factor which identify choice of the
statistical tests which can be helpful in analyse collected data (Hennink, Hutter and Bailey,
2020). In this, there is measurements of the reliable and valid. This will helpful in provide the
accurate and the reliable information. The measurement tool were stampadise because it
provides the accurate and the valid outcomes effectively. No, there was not triangulation as in
this single method used to gather the data and information. There was not the measurement bias
as this is related to systematic or the non- random error which mainly occurs in gathering data in

study. Other than this, detection bias is related to the systematic differences among groups in
how the outcomes can be identified. In regards to this, blinding of the outcome is mainly
assessors may minimise risk that the knowledge of the intervention was received as comparison
to intervention itself. So, in this way there is not any detection bias. There is not the blinding as
there is clear and concise picture about the ways of analysis the reliability and validity also (Hair
and et. al., 2019).
CONCLUSION
It has been concluded from the above mention information that there has been effective
methods used for conducting the study. To make improvement in them, it is necessary to analyse
them and find the better ways to improve them. The chosen participants should hav ethe proper
knowledge regarding the particular subject area. There has been random sampling metjod used as
this is helpful in providing the equal chance to the chosen respondents in an effective manner.
There is no need to make improvement in the sampling. From this, researcher can collect the
large data. The bias can be reduce by providing equal chance to all the participants.

REFERENCES
Books & Journals
Bell, E., Bryman, A. and Harley, B., 2018. Business research methods. Oxford university press.
Bryman, A., 2016. Social research methods. Oxford university press.
Ghauri, P., Grønhaug, K. and Strange, R., 2020. Research methods in business studies.
Cambridge University Press.
Hair Jr. and et. al., 2019. Essentials of business research methods. Routledge.
Hennink, M., Hutter, I. and Bailey, A., 2020. Qualitative research methods. SAGE Publications
Limited.
Rubin, A. and Babbie, E.R., 2016. Empowerment series: Research methods for social work.
Cengage Learning.
Veal, A.J., 2017. Research methods for leisure and tourism. Pearson UK.