BABS Foundation CFPBUS003 Report: IT, Tesco, and Ethical Issues

This report delves into the realm of Information Technology, examining its pivotal role in the success and failure of businesses, with a particular focus on the multinational retailer Tesco. It explores the ethical and social issues arising from IT implementation, such as data privacy and the use of social media. The report then outlines various types of networking technologies, including personal area networks, local area networks, and wide area networks, and discusses the importance of intranets and the internet for business communication and resource sharing. Furthermore, the report covers the system development lifecycle, detailing the planning, analysis, design, development, integration, implementation, and maintenance phases. Through the lens of Tesco, the report analyzes how IT impacts marketing, decision-making, customer support, and operations, while also considering the ethical implications of IT usage within the company. The document concludes with a discussion on the importance of these elements within the framework of Tesco's business model.

Introduction to Information
Technology

Abstract
Information Technology which refers to use of computer and devices to store, create and
share data and information with other computer that are connected with the computers. This has
become very important for business organisations to use information technology in order to
ensure their competitive position is strong enough and they are able to survive and sustain in
market. This report has discussed several aspect of information technology along with ethical
and social issues. Information technology includes sharing of data and information and this is
possible through connection in devices. These are connected through networking devices and
networking technology and types of it has also been discussed in the report.

Table of Contents
INTRODUCTION...........................................................................................................................4
LITERATURE REVIEW................................................................................................................4
Role of IT in success and failure of Business..............................................................................4
Ethical and Social Issues related to Information Technology.....................................................5
Types of Networking Technology...............................................................................................6
Importance of Intranet and Internet.............................................................................................7
System Development Lifecycle...................................................................................................8
Analysis and Discussion................................................................................................................10
Role of IT in success and failure of Tesco................................................................................10
Ethical and Social Issues related to Information Technology in Tesco.....................................11
Types of Networking Technology in relation with Tesco.........................................................11
Importance of Intranet and Internet in Tesco............................................................................12
CONCLUSION..............................................................................................................................13
REFERENCES..............................................................................................................................14

INTRODUCTION
Information technology can be defined as use of computers, storage and networking
device to create, store and process the data in electronic format. Information technology and its
uses are mainly concerned with business organisation. Information technology is being used in
all areas of the organisational functioning (Ratheeswari, 2018). This report will discuss about
role of IT in success and failure of the organisation, ethical and social issues pertaining to use of
information technology. This will be followed by different type of networking technology.
Networking technology is technologies which connect two or more computers and devices from
each other. This report will also discuss about importance of intranet and internet and this will be
followed by system development lifecycle. This report will contextualise Tesco for the
discussion. Tesco, British multinational groceries and general merchandise retailer it was
founded in 1919 and is headquartered at Hertfordshire, England. Company operates at 8
countries and serves 6800 locations.
LITERATURE REVIEW
Role of IT in success and failure of Business
As stated by Chang, Wang and Arnett, 2018 Information technology which has become
significant part of every function of the business is playing a key role in success and failure of
business. There are several ways in which success and failure of business gets affected by use of
information technology. Some of them are-
Marketing and growth of business
In relation with Marketing Information Technology is playing the key role. There are several
ways in which businesses are using information technology for marketing. Marketing over social
and digital media is possible because of information technology other than this increasing uses of
Information Technology has increased opportunity for business to increase their visibility.
Marketing through Information Technology contribute company to maintain public relation
advertisement promotions and sales. Subsequently many businesses manage the customer

relations with help of Information Technology. Information Technology also allows businesses
to increased excess to international market.
Decision making
Efficient decision making brings effective result for organisation. Information Technology
contributes in efficient decision making by providing all the required information regarding
environment in which business is being operated. Other factors regarding decision making and
contribution of information in it is that information technology contributes in speed and accurate
decision making. This is because decision making to information technology is based on
extensive market research and this improves quality of the decision. According to Howell, van
Beers and Doorn, 2018 role of IT also includes-
Customer support and satisfaction
Customers are centre of success of a business and information technology contributes in
increasing customer satisfaction and customer support. This is because information technology
contributes in connecting with customers. With help of Information Technology customers can
also connect and access organisation and discuss regarding their problems. This also allows
organisations stay in contact with customers this improves relationship between organisation and
customers and Organisation can experience its impact in form of business success.
Ethical and Social Issues related to Information Technology
As stated by Kizza, 2017 Information technology is become very important and this is the
reason that various social and ethical issues have also generated with use of information
technology. Social and ethical issues contains act that are unethical as well as socially wrong.
Some of the acts which can be considered to be an ethical as well as socially wrong are as
follows-
Using social media
Social media has come up with several benefits for the business is which includes marketing
connecting with target audience. But along with this there are several means in which social
media is being used in wrong manners. This wrong manner includes using social media for
getting information for employees in order to ensure their suitability for the job in the

organisation. There are several benefits for using social media for screening of applicants in
order to ensure their suitability but this come up with a question whether using social media of
employees for their employment training is right or not.
Using information as business
This is another issue concerned with information technology in this many of the business is
collect information of those who use information technology. Later this information is sold to
businesses which can help them in making decision regarding their business operations. There
are several ways in which these businesses can collect information and type of information
includes personal details of the user the interest and hobbies and many other information. In this
it is a social issue as well as ethical whether information should be collected and sold to
businesses. According to Stahl, 2019 issue related to IT also includes
Data privacy
This means that in time of information technology users share information on these platforms
which careen be of value for them. They require that information goes to right party and remain
safe but there are several ways through which users of information technology can access the
information without their authority send this creates threat for the data.
Types of Networking Technology
As per the view of Kostoff and et.al., 2020 Networking Technology is the technology
which is used to connect two or more computers or devices together. There are several types of
Information Technology and difference in them is as follows-
Personal area network
This network is smallest network and most basic type of network. This network is made up of
one or two computers or devices and revolved around one person or in a building.
Local area network
This type of network connects group of computers and low voltage devices together over a short
distance. This short distance includes building and group of two three buildings that are situated
over a short distance.

Wireless local area network
This type of network also works like local area network and Wi-Fi is best example of this. This
type of network does not require any cable and wire to connect computer and devices.
Campus area network
This network is larger than Local area network but is smaller than Metropolitan Area Network
this type of network is used in small businesses. And can be connected across several building
that is situated close to each other so that they can share resources and information.
Wide area network
This type of network connect computers and devices across longer physical distance cost of this
allows computers and low voltage devices to be connect to remotely over longer distance. This
allows devices and computers to communicate even when they are miles apart from each other.
Internet is best example of this type of network. Li, and et.al., 2020 also discussed Other than
this types of network also
Enterprise private network
This type of network is build and controlled by Enterprises so that they can equally share data
and resources. This network also connects computers of enterprise over various locations where
Enterprises operate.
Importance of Intranet and Internet
As per the view of Jørgensen, 2019 Internet and intranet these are two types of network
and in business context both this type of networks are important. Internet can be defined as a
wider network that allows computer networks around the world which are used by individuals
and organisations to connect with each other and communicate to each other. There are several
ways in which internet is important for businesses some of the reasons which make internet
important are
Communication

This is one of the most important use of internet for business. Internet allows companies to
communicate with several parties in which communication within organization is also included.
The ways in which organization can communicate with help of internet are email, video
conference and sharing information and data over internet platforms.
Sharing and gathering information
For business Information sharing and information gathering both are very important and internet
allows sharing information of organisation with external parties. Along with this organisation
can also gather information for from external parties. Information please very important role as
information can play a role of resource for operating the business as well as information plays
important role in making business decisions.
As stated by Cena and et.al., 2016 Intranet on the other hand can be defined as a private
network which can only be accessed by authorised users. Internet is designed in used for internal
communication and sharing of resources. This is the reason that intranet is developed and used
by business organisation. Importance of intranet includes that intranet enables organisations to
share resources and information safely because using general network for information and data
sharing might affect the security of organisation.
Importance of intranet also extends to its ability to provide a secure space for storing,
accessing and developing electronic data. This can improve speed of workflow and reduce
errors.
System Development Lifecycle
According to Kennedy, 2019 lifecycle of system development has following stages and phases.
Planning
Which is first phase of system development life cycle and this includes identifying the scope of
problem and suitable solution for the problem. It also includes determining object is because of
which the system is being developed. Followed by the three sources cost time in benefit and
other items are also considered in this phase of system development life cycle.
System analysis and requirements

In this phase of the cycle developers identify and consider functional requirement of the project
and what will be the solution for that. This also includes analysis of the system and analysing the
needs of end user of the system to ensure that system developed can meet their requirements.
System design
This phase of the life cycle includes describing and detailing of necessary specification and
features of system. On the basis of this system is developed this is also known as blueprint for
the system being developed. This phase guides development of the system.
Development
Which phase of the cycle is is the one in which development of system actually text place. This
is also the initial phase of the development of system and this signify the start of the production
for the system being developed.
Integration and testing
This phase involves system integration and testing of the system (Raluca, and Cristina, 2018).
This is done with the objective of assuring quality of the system being developed and ensures
that proposed design of system meet the initial development of the system.
Implementation
Phases of the system development can also be considered as last stage of system development.
Because in this phase for the program is written and after completion of production data and
components are placed into to new system.
Operations and maintenance
After completion of implementation which phase of system development includes when end-
users of the system can operate the system and this is followed by maintenance of the system so
that it can meet increasing and changing demand off the system users.

Analysis and Discussion
Role of IT in success and failure of Tesco
Information Technology also plays important role in success and failure of Tesco. There
are various ways in which information technology is importance in Tesco. These are-
Marketing and Promotions
This means that businesses that Tesco effectively is using information technology and its
functions to promote its business over different channels to Information Technology. The
channels where Tesco promotes are social media and digital media. These are not only channels
and places where Tesco promote along with this email marketing content marketing and various
different type of marketing are also being used by Tesco and this techniques have played
important role in success of Tesco (Kasemsap, 2016). This means that information technology is
really important for success of Tesco.
Inventory management
Success of business get affected by all the aspects of business and in doing so inventory
management is an important function of Tesco because Tesco is a retail organisation and
inventory management is essential operation of Tesco. Through information technology Tesco
can manage inventory which avoid any type of surplus in inventory and along with this shortage
of inventory can also be avoided through effective inventory management. Inventory
management in Tesco is a system which uses information technology and through this Tesco
Ken identify van inventory in the store falls below a certain level and in such situation it gets an
reminder for ordering inventory.
Online business
Text of Tesco this is very important as with help of online platform they are able to sale its
products to customers those who are not at stores of Tesco. This is one effective way through
which Tesco can increase its customers and its uses as well. Online business his offered several
opportunities to business and Tesco can take advantage of the percentage because of Information
Technology. Online business also provide the opportunity to sale to those customers who are not

from the area where stores of Tesco are locatedand this way online business can increase
business of Tesco.
Ethical and Social Issues related to Information Technology in Tesco
Ethical and social issues pertaining to use of information technology is extended to all
those places where information technology is used (Tavani, 2016). This is the reason that ethical
and social issues are also able to make impact on information technology being used at Tesco.
The general issues related to Tesco in its workplace are using information technology and system
of organisation bi employees for their personal use. Gathering information from social media to
analyse and screen applicant and there suitability for employment in Tesco. Gathering
information in order to take benefit from the information to target right customer in the
marketing operations and also to share information which has a value for Tesco to other business
organisations for monetary benefits. These are some of the common social and ethical issues that
Tesco might get affected by. But other than these issues one of the main issue that Tesco might
face is 32 privacy of the information. Information of Tesco has threat in which it can be affected
negatively by those who can make unauthorised access to information of the company.
Regarding Tesco this can become more severe because company e operate on online platform
and this is the reason that it contains data of its customers and when data and information of
companies in threat it directly affect privacy to data and information of customers. The data
which is shared by customers to Tesco includes different type of details which include their
financial details and information and information through which customers can be identified.
This is generally known as hacking which is unethical socially wrong as well as a crime. Though
this is a crime and legal action can be taken against the person who you try to make unauthorised
access to the data and information of Tesco but in case it happens it will affect privacy of data of
many people who have said the information with Tesco.
Types of Networking Technology in relation with Tesco
There are several technologies that have different uses and their connectivity also differs
in form of their ability to connect to other computers and networks over a specific distance
(Knoblock, 2019). In these types of network, networks that are used for Tesco and its operations
are-

Personal Area Network
This network is being used by the Tesco in order to connect computers and devices
among its store. This means that computers and devices that are being used in a store of the
Tesco can be connected to each other and this is known as personal area network. This is because
there are limited computers and they can be connected to each other. Along with this computer
devices can also be connected to other devices that are used in stores of Tesco.
Wide area network
This means networking technology which is able to connect computers and devices over
a longer physical distance. Along with this computers and low network devices can also be
connected remotely to each other. This also allows networks to communicate even when they are
miles apart. This also includes internet and this is one of the best example in which wide area
network is being used in Tesco. There are several ways in which wide area network and internet
is being used by the Tesco. Internet is being used in marketing, collecting information and
connecting Tesco with outer world and environment in which company is operating.
Enterprise Private Network
This is a type of network is built and operated by enterprises (Li and et.al., 2020). Tesco
also use this network and this network is used to share information and data across different
locations of the company. This means that to all the locations where Tesco operates they can
share resources and information and this are shared securely.
Importance of Intranet and Internet in Tesco
Importance of Internet in Tesco-
Marketing and Sales
This is one of the biggest advantage and importance for Tesco which they get from
internet. This includes marketing Tesco and promoting its products and brand. Tesco is a
multinational organisation and internet enables it to promote at international level. With
development of technology sales is also possible through internet in which Tesco can sale to
those customers who hasn’t visited its stores.