Introduction to Information Technology Report - CFPBUS003

This report provides an in-depth analysis of the impact of Information Technology (IT) on business operations, success, and failure, using Barclays as a case study. It explores the critical role of IT in decision-making, marketing, business growth, customer support, and resource management. The report delves into ethical and social issues arising from IT use, including privacy, access rights, security, copyright, liability, and piracy. It differentiates various networking technologies (LAN, MAN, WAN), highlighting their characteristics, advantages, and disadvantages. Furthermore, the report examines the importance of social media in business, focusing on Barclays' strategies for gaining attention, improving communication, increasing engagement, cost-effectiveness, and driving sales. The report also outlines the stages of the Software Development Life Cycle (SDLC), from planning to software development. The report concludes with a discussion on the key findings and the implications of IT in business, referencing relevant literature throughout the analysis.

Introduction to
Information
Technology

Table of Contents
INTRODUCTION...........................................................................................................................3
LITERATURE REVIEW................................................................................................................3
Role of IT in the success and failure of business...................................................................3
Ethical and social issues related with running of business in technology..............................4
Differentiate between various types of networking technologies..........................................5
Importance of social media in business..................................................................................7
Stages of software development life cycle.............................................................................8
ANALYSIS AND DISCUSSION...................................................................................................9
CONCLUSION................................................................................................................................9
REFERENCES..............................................................................................................................11

INTRODUCTION
Information and technology refer to the effective use of technical devices in terms of
working effectively for the growth and success of business by considering several terms like
networking, internet connection, software and many more. For this, businesses tend to use
effective technology like innovation in terms of enhancing their management and operations
regarding their products and services (Rainer and et. al., 2020). With the effective use of
technology, they tend to get effective success and after misusing the result they tend to see
failure in their business. To carry forward this report, Barclays is considered which is a British
multinational bank and offer several financial services by classifying into personal, corporate
banking, wealth and investment management, headquartered in London. The report tends to
cover details regarding the discussion which is made on success and failure of business and
depict ethical and social issues concerned with running of company. It also tends to describe the
kinds of networking technologies, by describing the significance of social media by showing the
stages of software development life cycle.
LITERATURE REVIEW
Role of IT in the success and failure of business Decision making: Information technology effectively support the decision-making
process as there are several IT systems that prominently work for company to improve
their operations and management by helping the company to make the decisions
effectively (ugli Khurramov, 2020). For this, the suitable information system includes the
management information system, transaction processing system, decision support system
and so on that can be used in the decision-making process of business in an effective
manner. Marketing: Information technology effectively support the company within the
marketing and sales process as for this, marketing need creativity and innovation that
leads to represent the products and services of company (Fedorova and et. al., 2020). As
by this, they can achieve things with the effective use of technology by the marketing
team of company. IT tends to offer data interpretation which should be highlighted by the
company in order to target the suitable market area which is useful towards the loyalty of
customers.

 Business growth: IT is useful by the research and development department of company
in order to launch something new for their customers by which they can effectively
attract towards the company to accelerate the growth of company for the company (Alam,
2020). For this, the reason behind this, is several software which are responsible for the
development of business that leads towards the growth of business that ultimately leads
towards the improvement and enhancement of company. Customer support and satisfaction: IT is responsible for the better growth and customer
experience of an organisation. It can be done by offering suitable services to the
customers in order to get more exact and accurate manner (Goldschmidt, 2020). Hence,
IT support company regarding their customers and offer effective satisfaction for the
services which is provided by company.
 Resource management: Information technology is useful for the company in order to
manage its resources like data management, human resource management, finance,
marketing, operations and so on (Kaddoura, 2020). For this, the essential resources which
are integrated and allocated by company in terms of handling and managing things
through software and information system.
Ethical and social issues related with running of business in technology Privacy: Disclosure of any sort of data and information leads to violate the privacy of
individual that lead towards the privacy issues within the IT sector. For this, Barclays is
the highly secured banking services and IT structure that leads to offer online banking
service to the world with special security to them (Kenny and Donnelly, 2020). In terms
of Barclays, they have fixed privacy policy in order to sustain in market by their
customers. Access rights: Unauthorised access of network at the time of e-payment and e-commerce
tends to become critical and ethical issue in IT sector. It is vital in order to offer strong
data accessing the process for customers to get information about their own customers by
accessing their mail and other information. Hence, Barclays has the effective censorship
policy in order to protect their customers from being exploited. Securities: Security about money is the basic concern in order to deposit their money in
bank. In terms of Barclays, they have millions of customers across the world and offer
effective security regarding money which is their major responsibility. For this, it is the

duty of company to make their customers feel secure towards their money and also leads
to maintain trust of customers (Asongu and Odhiambo, 2020). Copyright: By having effective protection of money for having personal information of
their clients that should be secured for the computer software by neglecting any sort of
risk for their copyright. In terms of Barclays, the need to make sure that their clients need
full protection for their information and documents. They also lead to believe that the
client of Barclays to protect them from ethical issues like copyright. Liability: It represent that every factor which company guarantee need to be in legal form
as it is the liability of customers. For this, doing any sort of irrelevant activity, an
individual and Barclays should be aware regarding the legal rights to take ethical
decisions (Kuvandikovich, 2020). Hence, Barclays must have the warranty of documents
of customer as their liability.
 Piracy: It is undertaken as the ethical issue in which the illegal copies of the personal
software of any company is created. For this, Barclays has the effective law and
regulations considering the privacy of software and personal data of company. For which,
the software owner has the decision making for copies which are not the illegal activity
considering the drive of customers and Barclays for the bad position.
Differentiate between various types of networking technologies
Basis LAN MAN WAN
Ownership It stands for local area
network and the
ownership is of
private networks.
It stands for
metropolitan area
network and it has the
ownership of both
public and private
networks.
It stands for wide area
network and it has the
ownership of public
or private of two or
more companies.
Transmission speed It has high
transmission speed.
It has average
transmission speed.
It has low
transmission speed.
Propagation delay
and Congestion
It has short
propagation delay and
less congestion.
It has moderate delay
and more congestion.
It has long
propagation delay and
maximum congestion.

Maintenance It has easy design and
maintenance.
It has difficult design
and maintenance.
It has quite difficult
design and
maintenance.
Fault tolerance It has more fault
tolerance.
It has less fault
tolerance.
It has least fault
tolerance.
Advantages It is quite cost
effective as it leads to
share resources easily,
transfer information
and eliminate storage
cost with effective
and efficient
management and for
this, only single data
internet connection is
required for all the
LAN users.
It supports company
to cover all the huge
geographical areas
and contain several
devices like mobile
phones, laptop,
computers and so on
that prominently use
radio transmitters and
receivers built into
client devices
(Turgunova and
Turgunov, 2020).
It leads to offer
effective
communication
process within an
organisation, by
offering high support
to the networks and
great access, as it
helps in considering
the direction of bus
topology by
considering the
coverage area of
various cities.
Disadvantages It tends to has high
initial cost regarding
the installation of
LAN network and
privacy which is
being offered by such
networks and security
by considering the
protection for the
difficult to setup
software and
hardware failures
It tends to has high
cost of setup for the
investment in their
networking. As it
effective need skills
and technicians and
network
administrators in
terms of maintaining
such networks it leads
to bring more errors
and issues because of
It has complicated
setup as wired and
wireless connections
are required across
cities as they are
speeded across large
areas in order to have
less security for using
these networks.

(Grossman,
Humphreys and
Sacramone-Lutz,
2020).
wide coverage of
areas it takes more
time to resolve
problems because of
various wiring of
technologies and less
security.
Examples Connections within
the organisation.
Connections within
more than one
companies but in one
city only.
Connections of
several organisations
in various cities.
Importance of social media in business
Barclays is quite active on several social media channels considering the Facebook Twitter
YouTube Instagram and so on and also active in around 20 countries and regions.
 Attention gaining and building awareness: Barclays have a LinkedIn page with
approximately 320000 followers but company does not continuously post regarding the
vacant job position true job advertisement. For this the LinkedIn content is indeed more
by highlighting their products and services and also share their visual content through
videos as well. Maximum number of customers also used social media in terms of
searching financial products that lead to words the presence of company and growth.
 Better communication: Barclays also has various Twitter accounts in several areas of
business-like press office and so on in various reasons in order to create better and
effective communication (Dadamuxamedov, Turdali and Mavlyuda, 2020). Bank also
tends to use effective business on this social media by using and responding towards the
customer service enquiries instead of a form of the brand development.
 More engagement: Barclays also develop a student-oriented Facebook page that has
more than 134000 likes that depict the active interaction with student’s audience
regularly. Barclays also conduct the annual student bursary competition by its Facebook
page that leads to develop as the brand ambassador in order to give back things to the
Facebook fan page.

 Cost effective: Barclays use social media actions and activities by paying per click to
raise their cost. There are effective and excellent investment prospect videos that can
eliminate critical information into small things which is easy to understand. More over
the social media comments at the time of campaign around 90% positive that helps in
making people participate in the campaign emotionally.
 Sales and marketing: Within UK Barclays need to promote official customer service
with the help of Twitter feed on its website as it is considered as the effective way for
customers in terms of connecting with banks and other social media activities which are
the modern stage of Barclays considering their marketing activities (Schostak, 2020). It is
represented as the effective product by targeting the people between the age of 25 to 40
and undertake digital savvy which are the far sighted and also have higher to average
income.
Stages of software development life cycle
 Planning: It is the first stage of software development life cycle as a defect the starting
for the development of any software which is required to get plan and how it is
implemented by the user considering the features and requirements that are useful in
offering convenient information at the time of working with the software and many more
specifications (ugli Khurramov, 2020).
 Define requirements: This stage depict that the after planning all the specifications of the
software are prominently required in terms of defining the requirements for each and
every feature at the time of executing the program and the requirements also get matched
considering the needs of software.
 Design and prototyping: In this stage it defines the requirements of the software which
are highly important in terms of designing and prototype the software before initiating the
development process (Fedorova and et. al., 2020). It also undertakes the user interface
platforms architecture programming securities communication and many more.
 Software development: It is The Fourth Stage that depict the final development of the
software by considering the programming quantitative approaches coding effective
application of models and practical mind set.
 Testing: This stage presents the after development that is important in terms of testing the
software by the individuals who don’t have any sort of knowledge regarding the

programming and coding so that the developer can get the errors and box for the future
rectification by finding issues (Alam, 2020).
 Deployment: This stage depicts the deployment of the procedure in which software is
available to the end users either it can be of the particular Client or can be on the specific
website which is in the paid form of the software.
 Operations and maintenance: It are the seventh stage that represent the technology
which is the important thing and required to be updated on time in terms of keeping
things working in an effective manner (Goldschmidt, 2020). As it depicts that it does not
lose effectiveness and also leads to maintain smooth functioning for the users it is
important to maintain the software by upgrading on the Rapid basis.
ANALYSIS AND DISCUSSION
It is analysed that information and technology plays an important role in the success of an
organisation in terms of supporting for the advanced technology from suitable points and
undertake the perspective of customers regarding their decision making, marketing, customer
support, resource management and so on. For this, there are several social and ethical issues that
are concerned with the IT sector that effectively need to cope up with suitable privacy, access
rights, securities, copyright and so on (Kaddoura, 2020). For this, there are several types of
networking technologies which are available for company by which the company tends to set up
the network according to the requirements of business like, LAN, MAN and WAN. Along with
this, it put huge impact over the significance of social media in businesses in terms of
maintaining their stability in market area like getting attention and developing awareness, better
communication, more involvement, cost effective, global reach, sales and marketing.
Furthermore, there are several stages that are available for the software development life
cycle in order to follow it as it is useful for company in order to develop the software in an
effective manner with proper functioning (Kenny and Donnelly, 2020). Hence, it is being
evaluated that information technology is the term and plays an important role for their business,
ethical issues, differentiating networking technologies, significance of social media and SDLC
that has great values in IT sector in terms of expanding and gaining productivity for effective
sales and revenue generations.

CONCLUSION
By considering the above discussion, it is being analysed that information technology is
the essential aspect in order to study regarding the company for having effective and better
growth of business in market area. So, it is essential to identify the several roles of information
technology regarding the success and failure of company as it is important to examine the social
and ethical issues which is concerned with the IT sector at the time of running business. It is also
important to describe various types of networking technologies and also signify to analyse the
value of social media in business. Furthermore, considering various stages of software
development life cycle, it is important to investigate the analysis and discussion which is related
with the topic and observe it from the perspective of business to execute the learnings and gain
knowledge for the growth and development of business.

REFERENCES
Books and Journals
Alam, T., 2020. Cloud Computing and its role in the Information Technology. Tanweer Alam.
(2020). Cloud Computing and its role in the Information Technology. IAIC
Transactions on Sustainable Digital Innovation (ITSDI), 1(2), pp.108-115.
Asongu, S.A. and Odhiambo, N.M., 2020. Foreign direct investment, information technology
and economic growth dynamics in Sub-Saharan Africa. Telecommunications
Policy, 44(1), p.101838.
Dadamuxamedov, A., Turdali, J. and Mavlyuda, X., 2020. Electronic religious programs on
islamic subjects on the example of the sanctuary of Al-Hakim Al-
Termizi. ACADEMICIA: An International Multidisciplinary Research Journal, 10(7),
pp.316-330.
Fedorova, I and et. al., 2020. Financing and quality of housing construction: introduction of
information systems as a regulatory tool. Revista Inclusiones, pp.328-339.
Goldschmidt, J., 2020. Fundamentals of Business-Introduction to Information Technology.
Grossman, G., Humphreys, M. and Sacramone-Lutz, G., 2020. Information technology and
political engagement: Mixed evidence from Uganda. The Journal of Politics, 82(4),
pp.1321-1336.
Kaddoura, S., 2020. Developing a Green Curriculum for Introduction to Information Technology
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Springer, Cham.
Kenny, E.J. and Donnelly, R., 2020. Navigating the gender structure in information technology:
How does this affect the experiences and behaviours of women?. Human
Relations, 73(3), pp.326-350.
Kuvandikovich, T.U., 2020. On the introduction of information technology tools in the
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(AJMR), 9(5), pp.302-306.
Rainer, R.K and et. al., 2020. Introduction to information systems. John Wiley & Sons.
Schostak, J.F. ed., 2020. Breaking into the curriculum: The impact of information technology on
schooling. Routledge.
Turgunova, F.M. and Turgunov, N.A., 2020. INTRODUCTION OF INFORMATION
TECHNOLOGIES IN THE EDUCATIONAL PROCESS. Вопросы педагогики, (2-1),
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ugli Khurramov, A.M., 2020. The role and role of digital economy and information technology
in the agricultural sector. International Journal on Integrated Education, 3(2), pp.42-44.
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