Developing an IoT System for Crop Pest and Disease Control: A Proposal

This project proposes an IoT-based system for managing crop pests and diseases, aiming to reduce food insecurity by minimizing crop losses. The system utilizes sensors to monitor crops, detect infestations and diseases early, and transmit data to farmers via a cloud-based mobile application available in local languages. The system incorporates weather data analysis to predict potential threats and suggests mitigation measures. The methodology includes content analysis, questionnaires, surveys, and literature review, focusing on IoT applications in agriculture. The project's scope includes popular Indian crops, targeting farmers and administrative staff, with the goal of improving food production and reducing reliance on expensive and environmentally harmful chemical treatments. The system emphasizes automation, integrating various features for accurate and responsive pest and disease management.

Proposed system
This paper is concern with coming up with a system that can be used to control pests and
diseases that attack crops. Attack by disease and pests, causes loses in farm produce and thus
posing a threat of food insecurity. The paper focuses on a proposal of an application systems that
can sense pest attack and detect a disease an early stage and give farmers information concerning
a threat to their crops.
IoT systems uses devices to monitor pests and diseases using sensors. The sensors will detect a
disease or pest infestation and send this data to the farmers through cloud (system is internet
based). Using cloud computing, the identification of pest or diseases is done. After identification,
the farmers are sent information about an attack and send a mitigation measure that the farmer
should take. It is a proposition that the system should be made local language because most
agrarians are based in the village. There will be a mobile app made in the local language.
How the system can be implemented?
Weather factor- The system will be tracking weather of a specific locality and make prediction
on the possible infestation and even propose solution. This is possible because weather patterns
affect the level of diseases and infestation on crops. High temperatures may mean flies may
attack crops on the farm especially fruits.
Disease monitoring- A normal growth activity of a health plant is recorded; wireless devices can
then be launched on the farm to monitor any change. Whenever there is abnormal activity on the
plants, the devices will be able to send information to the concern parties; farmer, practitioners
and other agencies.

Pests monitoring- Pests that are attack plants are common, most of them are known. The
activities and movement of pests can be traced, then remote devices will be put in place to collect
information and send the same information to farmers for processing and action.
Integrated disease and pest management Automation-Having a system that detects and avert
diseases and pests without having to wait for the farmer or agency to take action.
Harmonizing the above features into one, we will get more accurate and responsive system.