IoT in Farming: Control and Execution of Pesticides and Crop Diseases

This annotated bibliography examines the application of the Internet of Things (IoT) in agriculture, specifically focusing on managing pesticides and diseases to improve crop health and yield. The bibliography includes a selection of research papers that investigate various aspects of IoT in farming, such as monitoring systems for wheat diseases, integrated pest management using IoT, smart agriculture models, and disease prediction systems in orchards and strawberry farming. These papers highlight how IoT technologies, including sensor networks, data analytics, and wireless communication, can be utilized to collect real-time data on crop conditions, climate changes, and pest infestations. The goal is to enable precision agriculture, reduce the reliance on chemical pesticides, and enhance the overall efficiency and sustainability of farming practices. The papers also discuss the challenges and benefits of implementing IoT in agriculture, emphasizing the potential for improved crop management, resource optimization, and food security.

Running head: ANNOTATED BIBLIOGRAPHY
Annotated Bibliography
Topic: IoT in Farming to Manage Control and Execute Pesticide and Disease of Different
Crops
Name of the Student
Name of the University
Author Note

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Table of Contents
Annotated Bibliography.............................................................................................................2
Bibliography.............................................................................................................................14

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Annotated Bibliography
Article – 1
Citation Stauffer, J. R., Arnegard, M. E., Cetron, M., Sullivan, J. J., Chitsulo, L. A.,
Turner, G. F., ... & McKaye, K. R. (1997). Controlling vectors and hosts of
parasitic diseases using fishes. BioScience, 47(1), 41-49.
Summar
y
This is an established paper that has been reviewed for having a current
estimation about the parasitic diseases and its Global prevalence ranging from
600 million cases that has been reported. it has been found out that these have
been one of the major influences of the protozoa and metazoan and parasites
which has already caused arise in 1 million total cases. Therefore, this
particular research paper brings about the strategies that would help in the
reduction of the transmission of all these diseases. The diseases that are
classified to be included within the program are the immunization
programmes of parasite reduction in the human population with the help of
chemotherapy.
Critique It is identified that these would be brought about as a result for the new
technology put forward for the understanding of various kinds of protozoan
activities in the human bodies and the ability by which they can be reduced.
the chemotherapy system would modify the cultural practices by which the
public health education utilised the sanitization project for habitat
modification. The previous methodologies that were used in this case where
regarded as the drainage of stagnant water bodies and other vector and host
control for biological and chemical factors which this new system is trying to
replace as a better version of handling the problems.

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Article – 2
Citation Zhang, S., Chen, X., & Wang, S. (2014, August). Research on the monitoring
system of wheat diseases, pests and weeds based on IOT. In 2014 9th
International Conference on Computer Science & Education (pp. 981-985).
IEEE.
Summar
y
This paper brings about the idea of research for monitoring the systems that
can detect wheat diseases, weed, and pests growing over crops and which can
be detected by the IoT technology. It has been established in the paper that it
is extremely important for the agricultural division that they have an
observation point that combines all the artificial surveys that are utilised for
the traditional diagnosis procedures for identifying the weeds, pest and wheat
diseases and preventing them. the traditional diagnosis for seniors were able to
identify these diseases and also provide a remedial procedure for them
however it was not possible that this could be done with the help of a real-time
effort. the detection and identification could not have been done in real time
and this is why the identification of the system was done.
Critique The Internet of Things and technologies like this where never thought before
to be used in the farming industry. this is why there was the introduction of
new technology known as the ZigBee network that could essentially detect the
diseases collecting a huge amount of IoT terminal data and built up a big data
platform to have intelligent warning system developed for the wheat diseases.

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Article – 3
Citation Chougule, A., Jha, V. K., & Mukhopadhyay, D. (2016, January). Using IoT
for integrated pest management. In 2016 International Conference on Internet
of Things and Applications (IOTA) (pp. 17-22). IEEE.
Summar
y
This paper mainly focuses on the utilisation of IoT in detection and
management of pests in an integrated way for the agriculture work. Integrated
Pest Management is the new technology that is being introduced within this
paper that is suggesting a prevention against the risk of the management for
unavoidable pests utilising the biological, mechanical, chemical tools from the
cultural fields. this is capable of collecting and storing the information on the
basis of ontology taken as the best option which can also be used by number
of automated systems for the agricultural field.
Critique The web services can utilise these ontologies as information and also can be
made available online. It is estimated that this might also help the researchers
in the agricultural fields and also it would help farmers so that they can
physically handle and manage the involvement of pests within their
agricultural field so that the yield percentage can be improved.
Article – 4
Citation Patil, K. A., & Kale, N. R. (2016, December). A model for smart agriculture
using IoT. In 2016 International Conference on Global Trends in Signal
Processing, Information Computing and Communication (ICGTSPICC) (pp.
543-545). IEEE.

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Summar
y
This paper focuses on the utility of IoT for smart management of agriculture.
this paper mostly focuses on the preparation and development of a model that
can also be doubling for identifying the rainfall and climate changes which is
extremely necessary for identifying the positive or negative effects on the
agriculture. The effect of climate changes and rainfall is extremely harsh over
the past few decades on the agricultural crops and therefore smart agriculture
is proposed as a new technology that would utilise climate smart methods for
mostly the Indian farmers. This would be an automated agricultural technique
that would directly take out information with the implementation of Internet of
Things and rapidly apply it in the wireless environments.
Critique The paper focuses on the sensor technology and the integration of the wireless
network with the utilisation of Internet of Things for studying the actual
situation of the agricultural system. furthermore, this would also be combined
with the Remote Monitoring System autonomous system with internet and
wireless communications for collecting the real time data for production
environment of agriculture and easy access of agricultural facilities with
provided alerts generated via short messaging service or SMS and advisors on
the father estimation of weather pattern and their effects on the crops.
Article – 5
Citation Lee, H., Moon, A., Moon, K., & Lee, Y. (2017, July). Disease and pest
prediction IoT system in orchard: A preliminary study. In 2017 Ninth
International Conference on Ubiquitous and Future Networks (ICUFN) (pp.

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525-527). IEEE.
Summar
y
This paper mostly tries to put forward the disease and pest prediction system
in an Orchard with the utilisation of Internet of Things and IT systems.
Although this is a preliminary study, the author and their ideas are to identify
the species of harmful pests, diseases and plants so that their adverse effect
can be identified before their wreaking havoc on the agricultural fields.
Identifying all the pest problems and disease problems that has negative effect
on agriculture, the reasons for decreasing crop productivity and quality of crop
with the installation of fungicides and pesticides can also be identified. It is a
known fact that the fungicides and pesticides also cause environmental
pollution and therefore this new implemented IoT system would help in
designing for a strategy that would help in the reduction of frequent use of
fungicides and insecticides.
Critique The suggested technology would identify the re-occurrences and analyse the
correlation between the best and the weather data so that it can be able to
predict when the best will appear based on the weather condition. with this,
these prediction models with utilise the correlation information and propose a
system that would limit the use of insecticides and fungicides only for the
detection and prevention of the decision and pests, restoring the quality of
crops and also would save the environment.
Article – 6
Citation Elijah, O., Rahman, T. A., Orikumhi, I., Leow, C. Y., & Hindia, M. N. (2018).
An overview of Internet of Things (IoT) and data analytics in agriculture:

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Benefits and challenges. IEEE Internet of Things Journal, 5(5), 3758-3773.
Summar
y
This paper has detected the search that the Global population is right now
dealing with having a comparative shift in smart agricultural practices which
is associated with the natural resources that have been reducing and the arable
land that is not available at abundance. This also identifies the unpredictable
weather condition and their probability of rising by being much watt
unpredictable in the near future.
Critique This problem is identified to be one of the leading issues that would cause
food security a very raised concern in the near future. This is why it is easier
to predict the fact that the utility of technology is a much better option so that
the Internet of Things or IoT and Data Analytics or DA technology can be
employed for the operational efficiency increase and also the increase of
productivity for the agricultural sector.
Article –7
Citation Dagar, R., Som, S., & Khatri, S. K. (2018, July). Smart Farming–IoT in
Agriculture. In 2018 International Conference on Inventive Research in
Computing Applications (ICIRCA)(pp. 1052-1056). IEEE.
Summar
y
This is the people that realises the utility of Internet of Things or IoT for the
communication and computing of not just other solutions like smart traffic
control smart cities and smart homes but also for the implementation in
agricultural fields. Smart agriculture is thus associated as the primary way of
detecting the utility that it has served in the agricultural industry as well by

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making it a much better Technology for handling agriculture replacing the
traditional methods.
Critique The ways by which these have been made possible has resulted into a better
management of crop, the better management for the resources, the methods for
delivering cost efficient agriculture, how much improve quantity and quality
of the crops, monitoring of the crops, monitoring of the agricultural fields and
much more.
Article – 8
Citation Shi, Y., Wang, Z., Wang, X., & Zhang, S. (2015, May). Internet of Things
application to monitoring plant disease and insect pests. In 2015 International
conference on Applied Science and Engineering Innovation. Atlantis Press.
Summar
y
This paper focus is most on the detection of plant monitoring in agricultural
fields for detecting the diseases and other insects and pests so that it can be
done from a long distance and even can be performed virtually. The setup has
been done with the help of the idea for using Internet of Things Technology
for perceiving the information regarding the agricultural diseases and insect
pest with the help of a monitoring system.
Critique The collection of the information about the diseases and pest would be done
with the utilisation of sensory notes for data processing and data mining. This
procedure is a proposed system that as a potential of having agricultural
information right from the form to a virtual assistance monitoring system
which might not be present right at the point of time at the agricultural farm.

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Article – 9
Citation Kim, S., Lee, M., & Shin, C. (2018). IoT-Based Strawberry Disease
Prediction System for Smart Farming. Sensors, 18(11), 4051.
Summar
y
This paper does not focus much on the broader topic but can we seen that this
has a specific approach over strawberry disease prediction systems that it can
be accurately measured with the help of Internet of Things or IoT. It has been
identified that the traditional process of identifying and detecting the crop
diseases when individual diseases occur. that is also through a comparative
comprehensive analysis system that only causes the prediction of the diseases
that are only highly probable.
Critique This system that is proposed is mostly cloud-based technology that would
have the ability of handling the collection, prediction of the agricultural
environment information and analysis and all this would be able to done with
the help of a common platform. This is suggested as Farm as a Service
integrated system or FaaS. this would help in identifying the disease
prediction system with the help of smart farming but the sensors that are
trying to be implemented for the experimentation process is thought about to
be on the strawberry agricultural plants.
Article – 10
Citation Gupta, P. M., Salpekar, M., & Tejan, P. K. (2018, January). Agricultural
practices Improvement Using IoT Enabled SMART Sensors. In 2018

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International Conference on Smart City and Emerging Technology
(ICSCET) (pp. 1-5). IEEE.
Summar
y
This paper understands the Indian farming communities and the ways by
which they are still using the traditional ways of farming that have become
outdated. This is why it starts to understand the problems about the Indian
weather, demand for food, availability of land, shortage of water, pest attacks
and other problems regarding the climate to be resolved with the utility of
Internet of Things.
Critique The paper understands the utility of IoT in agriculture and its benefits and this
is why regarding the use of this particular system, according to the Indian
agriculture issues, is clearly stated in this particular research paper. Indian
farming practices and its modernization with utility of Internet of Things is
mostly focused in this particular paper and also pointing out to the benefits
that the Indian agricultural industry can achieve with the utility of Internet of
Things systems.
Article – 11
Citation Balamurugan, S., Divyabharathi, N., Jayashruthi, K., Bowiya, M., Shermy, R.
P., & Shanker, R. (2016). Internet of agriculture: Applying IoT to improve
food and farming technology. International Research Journal of Engineering
and Technology (IRJET), 3(10), 713-719.
Summar
y
This particular paper investigates about how the Internet of Things has made it
extremely easier for or the farming industry. The utility of the agricultural
system embedded with various advanced technology like the utilisation of

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sensors, GPS systems, communication technology for analysing data and
exchanging data as well.
Critique The various amounts of benefits that IoT has provided to the agricultural
industry regarding the cultivation of crops, fertilizers, pricing, details about
the diseases and the methods to cure them, fertilization end use of fertilizers
are clearly described in this research paper. this research paper also focuses on
the impact of IoT over the cost and time saving factors as well.
Article – 12
Citation Kodali, R. K., Jain, V., & Karagwal, S. (2016, December). IoT based smart
greenhouse. In 2016 IEEE Region 10 Humanitarian Technology Conference
(R10-HTC) (pp. 1-6). IEEE.
Summary This paper specifically focuses on the work that it is put into the agricultural
practices for improving the traditional current methodologies with the
utilisation of modern technologies. The only factor that drives this is the
utilisation of smart techniques and the model of a smart greenhouse is also
based on this idea only. The factors that has the probability of developing a
greenhouse is about the cloth structure that would protect the plants from
extreme weather conditions.
Critique It would also collect the irrigation of agricultural fields and all the data
regarding the soil health card, Phosphorus amount, amount of nitrogen,
potassium other minerals. the availability of all these minerals can also be
utilised to be stripped down with fertigation techniques in these greenhouses