ITC571 - IoT in Farming: Impact, Challenges & Future Integration

This report provides a comprehensive analysis of the impact of the Internet of Things (IoT) on the farming industry. It begins by introducing the background and rationale for using IoT in agriculture, highlighting the problems associated with traditional farming methods such as crop loss and inability to meet market demands. The study aims to analyze the benefits and future of IoT in farming, focusing on identifying issues in traditional farming, analyzing the impact of IoT, and recommending strategies for improved integration. The literature review explores the concept of IoT and its specific applications in agriculture, including the use of sensors, cameras, and other technologies for monitoring crop growth, conserving water, and improving crop productivity. Furthermore, the research methodology outlines the use of a qualitative approach with secondary data collection through interviews and literature reviews. The report concludes by emphasizing the potential of IoT to revolutionize farming practices, improve crop yields, and promote sustainable agriculture.

Running head: IOT IN FARMING
Assignment 3: IOT in Farming
Proposal

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Table of Contents
Chapter 1: Introduction....................................................................................................................3
1.1 Background.......................................................................................................................3
1.2 Rationale...........................................................................................................................3
1.3 Problem statement.............................................................................................................4
1.4 Aim, Objectives and Research Questions.........................................................................4
1.5 Conceptual Framework.....................................................................................................5
1.6 Research Structure.................................................................................................................6
Chapter 2: Literature Review...........................................................................................................7
2.1 Concept of IoT.......................................................................................................................7
2.2 IoT in Agriculture and farming..............................................................................................7
2.3 Impact of IoT in farming.......................................................................................................8
Chapter 3: Research Methodology................................................................................................10
References......................................................................................................................................12

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Chapter 1: Introduction
1.1 Background
Agriculture has been one of the important industry all over the world. Traditional form of
farming has been capitalizing the market over a long years. However, with the enhancement in
the technical advances in all fields including agriculture and farming. There have been rapid
change in the method of farming with the implementation of Internet of Things (IOT)
(Bhattacharjee et al., 2017). The implementation of IoT has been changing the concept of
traditional methods of farming all over the world. The concept of IoT has been rejected to the
advance technology that might help in proper production of crops and farming products with the
help of technology. Modern traits of farming have been influenced by the use of IOT (Kamilaris
et al., 2016). The concept of IoT has been depended on interconnected computing devices for
transferring data without human interaction. This has been helping in gathering data about
growth of crops in the field.
This study has focused on impact of Internet of Things in farming industry. Various
issues faced due to traditional method of farming will be discussed in the study. Benefits of using
IoT in farming will be critically analysed in the study.
1.2 Rationale
Agriculture has been providing major economy to most of the countries in the world. This
have been contributing a large section in the GDP of country (Pan, Xi & Hao, 2016). Therefore,
the implementation of IoT in farming industry has been providing smart opportunities for
development of crops in the fields. The major objective of IoT has been creating a smart
environment using advanced technologies including sensors, communication protocols and

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embedded devices. The There have been various physical devices including microprocessors,
microcontrollers and sensors that can be directly communicate with the internet (Agrawal et al.,
2016).
There has been major issues faced due to traditional method of agriculture and farming
including loss in crops and not able to meet demand of the market. The production of crop have
been low due to traditional equipment (Niswar et al., 2018). The quality pf crops have been
decreasing and loss has been increased due to insects and poor implantation. According to global
survey in agriculture department, there has been 19% loss in agricultural products including
diofferent types of crops due to insects and other wastages (Ryu et al., 2015).
This research will focus on these issues faced in agriculture and farming industry due to
traditional method. The implementation of IoT in farming and its benefits will be discussed in
this study. This study will help in providing recommendations for future aspects of IOT in
farming industry.
1.3 Problem statement
The primary problem in this context has been the loss and damage in crops. The production
of crops have been not able to maintain the demand of the market. The controlling and
monitoring of crops have been a major problem in traditional method of farming.
1.4 Aim, Objectives and Research Questions
The aim of the study is to analyze the impact of IOT in farming industry. This study will
focus on the benefits and future of IoT in farming industry.
The main objectives of the study have been mentioned below:
 To identify issues in traditional method of farming

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 To analyze the impact of IoT in farming industry
 To recommend strategies for improving integration of IoT in farming industry
Following are the research questions:
 What issues are faced due to traditional method of farming?
 What is the impact of IoT in farming industry?
 How implementation of IoT in farming industry can be improved for future use?
1.5 Conceptual Framework
Figure 1: Conceptual Framework
(Source: Created by author)

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1.6 Research Structure
Figure 2: Research Structure
(Source: Created by Author)
Chapter 1: Introduction
Chapter 2: Literature Review
Chapter 3: Research Methodology
Chapter 4: Data Findings and Analysis
Chapter 5: Conclusison and Recommendations

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Chapter 2: Literature Review
2.1 Concept of IoT
The Internet of Things has been a system of interconnected computing devices that help
in proper communication and data transfer without any interaction of humans. There have been
different advanced technologies used in this concept including sensors, embedded devices and
communication protocols (Kumar & Venkatesh, 2018). The implementation of IoT has been
aiming at creating smart environment in various fields including agriculture, health, education
and smart transport. It provides a network in which physical objects for exchanging data
internally and with connected devices. There have been use of several physical devices including
microcontrollers, actuators, sensors and microprocessors that are not able to communicate
directly and take use of IoT gateway (Kim, Lee & Shin, 2018). Therefore, IoT helps in creating a
virtual gateway system for the devices to communicate with each other in connected medium.
The use of the IoT has been helping in maintaining a keen approach in the growth of several
industries. The implementation of IoT has been changing the concept of traditional methods of
farming all over the world.
2.2 IoT in Agriculture and farming
There has been many researches dine in the field of IoT and farming. Various farming
techniques have been invented for increasing the production and quality of crops in the market.
The Internet of Things have been bringing revolutionary changes in agriculture. There have been
various challenges in this industry including high cost of investment, limitation of land and lack
of awareness among farmers for using better farming techniques. There have been lack of quality
seeds and monitoring methods (Bacco et al., 2018). This have been creating serious issues in the

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farming industry. The use of IoT in agriculture has been helping in providing a smart approach
in the development of agriculture industry. IoT has helped farmers in learning new advanced
techniques of farming in the fields. These new techniques have been helping in minimizing loss
in crops. IoT has been helping in creating smart agriculture techniques and methods. There has
been use of sensors and cameras that help in monitoring growth of crops in the field. The use of
IoT in the farming has been helping in controlling and monitoring the growth of crops (Kumar &
Venkatesh, 2018). The crop productivity has been decreased in recent years due to improper
management of crops. Smart farming include the utilization of Information Communication
Technology (ICT) and Internet of Things (IoT). These advanced technologies have been helping
in maintaining a smart approach in the production of crops in the field.
2.3 Impact of IoT in farming
Internet of Things (IoT) has been creating several opportunities in the farming industry,
The benefits of the IoT has been helping in minimizing several challenges in the farming
industries including lack of land, lack of awareness, decreasing productivity of crops and lack of
quality seeds. IoT has been helping in conserving water for future use in the irrigation. It has
been helped in transforming irrigation system into smart irrigation system. The usage of water
has been limited with the help of IoT sensors. The concept of IOT has been rejected to the
advance technology that might help in proper production of crops and farming products with the
help of technology (Kumar & Venkatesh, 2018). This help in minimizing the wastage of water
during irrigation. The use of IoT have been helping in increasing the production of crops in the
field. Various modern techniques of production have been implemented in the agricultural filed.
The quality of production has been increased with the implementation of IoT in the agriculture.
New equipment including Variable Rate technology (VRT), Smart Irrigation, Smart Greenhouse

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and Yield Monitoring (Kumar & Venkatesh, 2018). VRT focuses on any technology that enables
producers for varying the rate of crop inputs. It helps in combining a variable rate (VR) control
system with application equipment for applying inputs at various precious units. The smart
irrigation helps in enhancing the efficiency of irrigation processes and minimizes loss in water
(Kamilaris et al., 2016). The implementation of IOT has been changing the concept of traditional
methods of farming all over the world. There has been increase in awareness of conserving
existing water resources by implementing different efficient irrigation system. Smart greenhouse
helps farmers for cultivating crops with minimal human intervention. Various climatic conditions
including temperature, humidity and soil moisture have been monitored under this technology.
This helps in providing special monitoring and controlling weather conditions in the particular
area where crops are grown (Niswar et al., 2018). This helps in maintaining a keen approach in
the growth of crops. Soli monitoring system has been helping in checking the fertility of soli so
that proper seeds can be provided in the soil. This technology helps in allowing monitoring of
physical, chemical and biological properties of soil. The supply chain management system has
been increased due to the IoT implementation. The inventory control can be managed by the use
of IoT devices. There have been automated system developed that helps in keeping track of the
inventory system and update about the need of any products automatically. Therefore, the
demand of raw materials can be settled by the use of IoT devices (Niswar et al., 2018). There
have been various drones and cameras surrounding the irrigation area that helps in monitoring
growth of crops.

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Chapter 3: Research Methodology
Research methodology focuses on the scientific approach of the study that need to be
used for completing the research. There have been various techniques and methods that help in
completing the research in a proper manner (Alvesson & Sköldberg, 2017). The research will
follow a qualitative method for approaching the study. The descriptive research design has been
taken in the research for describing all the aspects of IoT in the farming industry. The use of
deductive research approach will help in focusing in the objectives of the research. The research
objectives and question have been the main focus of the research. Data collection has been the
main part of the research (Bauer, 2014). Data collection process have been of two types
including primary and secondary method of data collection. Primary data collection method
deals with raw data. Online survey needs to be created using Google forms and send to
participants of the survey. The answers of the questions used to be data and information of the
research. Secondary data collection method deals with collecting data from interviews, online
journals, articles and books. In this case data has been collected from secondary method of data
collection (Ledford & Gast, 2018). Face to face interviews will be taken with three professional
agriculturist and three open ended questions will be asked to them. The views and answers of
these question swill be recorded as data and information of the research. Data for literature
review will be collected from online journals and books. These journals will be published after
2012 and have proper author names. Data Analysis can be categorized into two types including
quantitative and qualitative data analysis method. Quantitative data analysis method deals with
primary method of data collection. Qualitative data analysis method refers to secondary method
of data collection (Mackey & Gass, 2015). Therefore, qualitative data analysis method will be
selected for the study. Three themes will be created related to the objectives of the research.

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The data collected from interview will be properly analysed. The concept of IOT has been
rejected to the advance technology that might help in proper production of crops and farming
products with the help of technology. The importance of the IoT on farming will be properly
analyzed. This research will use all the ethical values and consideration under the academic
research guidelines. Data and information related to the research will be kept safe under the
Data Protection Act 1998 (Mackey & Marsden, 2015). No data will be tampered during the data
analysis method. Results and outcomes will not be published before the completion of the
research.
Task Name Duration Start Finish Predecessors
IOT in Farming 90 days Wed 8/1/18 Tue 12/4/18
Selection of the Topic 5 days Wed 8/1/18 Tue 8/7/18
Collection of Data from secondary sources 15 days Wed 8/8/18 Tue 8/28/18 1
Preparing the layout 20 days Wed 8/29/18 Tue 9/25/18
Review of Literature 10 days Wed 8/29/18 Tue 9/11/18 2,1
Developing plan for the research 20 days Wed 8/29/18 Tue 9/25/18 2
Selecting appropriate techniques for
research 35 days Wed 9/26/18 Tue
11/13/18
Collection of Secondary data 20 days Wed 9/26/18 Tue 10/23/18 5,3
Data Analysis & Interpretation 15 days Wed 10/24/18 Tue 11/13/18 7
Findings and Discussion 15 days Wed 11/14/18 Tue 12/4/18
Conclusion to the study 2 days Wed 11/14/18 Thu 11/15/18 8
Preparing Rough Draft 6 days Fri 11/16/18 Fri 11/23/18 10
Completion of Final Work 7 days Mon 11/26/18 Tue 12/4/18 11
Table 1: Timeline

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(Source: Created by Author)