Murdoch University BSC203: IoT Privacy and Security Literature Review

This literature review examines the security and privacy issues associated with the Internet of Things (IoT). The review begins by defining the IoT and its benefits for businesses, such as improved customer experience, enhanced productivity, and cost savings. However, it also highlights the disadvantages, including increased hacking potential, data management challenges, and compatibility issues. The review then delves into specific security and privacy risks, such as data leakage, vulnerabilities in connected devices, and the impact of insufficient testing and updating. The paper cites various sources to support its claims, including the increasing number of connected devices and the growing importance of cloud platforms and artificial intelligence in improving the IoT. The conclusion emphasizes the need for businesses to address these issues through effective measures to overcome the security and privacy challenges associated with the IoT.

Literature Review

Contents
INTRODUCTION...........................................................................................................................1
LITERATURE REVIEW................................................................................................................1
Internet of Things (IoT) privacy and security issues...................................................................1
CONCLUSION................................................................................................................................3
REFERENCES................................................................................................................................5

INTRODUCTION
Internet of things is referred as the network of appliances, devices, vehicles and others
which are embedded with software, electronics, actuators, sensors and connectivity, which
allowing them to connect as well as exchange data. Literature review is defined as the survey of
scholarly sources associated with particular topic (Borgohain, Kumar and Sanyal, (2015). This
reports includes literature review on the topic 'Internet of Things (IoT) privacy and security
issues. It covers information about internet of things, its benefits and disadvantages for business
along with the privacy and security issues associated with it.
LITERATURE REVIEW
Internet of Things (IoT) privacy and security issues
Internet of Things is defined as a system of interlinked computing devices, objects or digital
and mechanical machines that are administered with unique identifiers as well as the ability to
transfer information or data over network without needing human to computer or human to
human interaction. As per the view point of Das, (2015), Internet of things is vital for businesses
as it provide them with real time look into the way their systems work, deliver insights into each
thing from machine's performance to supply chain as well as logistic operations. It allows
organizations to automate their processes and minimize labor cost. Along with that, it also
reduces the waste and enhance delivery of services, which makes it less expensive to produce
and deliver goods and offering transparency into the transactions of customer. Several benefits
are offered by internet of things to organizations. Some of the benefits are executed across
multiple industries and some are industry specific (Dorri, Kanhere and Jurdak, (2016). Some
common benefits that a business can gain from internet of things is that it enables business to
improve customer experience, enhance employee productivity, monitor overall processes of
business, save money and time, make better decisions in business, generate more revenue and in
integrating and adapting business models. Internet of things encourage organizations to rethink
on the face they approach businesses and provides them the techniques to enhance their business
strategies.
As per the opinion of Hossain, Fotouhi and Hasan, (2015), Internet of things is most
abundant in transportation, manufacturing and utility organizations. There are various advantages
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of using internet of things for businesses. It enables organizations to access information at
anytime from anywhere on any device. It also improves communication between all the
connected electronic devices and helps in transferring data packets over the interrelated network
which saves time and money. In businesses, automation of tasks supports in enhancing the
quality of services provided by the business as well as declines the requirement for human
intervention. However, there are some disadvantages also of using internet of things. As the
amount of connected devices maximizes and more data is shared between them, the potential of
hacking of confidential information is also increases (Kumar, Vealey and Srivastava, (2016,
January). It maximizes the chances of steal of confidential information by the hackers. It will be
challenging for the organisation to collect and manage the data from all those devices from
which company may eventually have to deal. Apart from this, there are high chances of
corruption of all the connected devices if there is bug in a system. Moreover, since no
international standard of compatibility for internet of things is there, it is very difficult for
devices from different producers to communicate with each other.
As per the view point of Arin Dey, (2019), although internet of things is growing rapidly, it
faces issues associated with security and privacy. As internet of things devices are connected to
laptops, the risk of leaking personal information is increasing due to lack of security while the
data is gathered and transmitted to internet of things devices. Apart from this, the devices are
connected with network of consumer and this is also connected to other systems. Thus, if internet
of things device has any vulnerabilities related to security, it can be harmful to the network of
consumer. This vulnerability can attack the system of business as well as damage them. In
addition to this, in order to develop the risk to physical safety, authorized people sometimes
might exploit security vulnerabilities. This all are the security risks which are associated with
internet of things. The privacy risk includes leakage of sensitive information by unauthorized
manipulation. In internet of things, the devices are connected which various software and
hardware, so the chances of leakage of information are much (Lee and Lee, (2015).
As per the view point of Suzanne Elly, (2018), the introduction of internet of things is
transforming the world of business completely. However, there are some security challenges also
there. The security challenges associated with internet of things includes insufficient testing and
updating, malware and ransomware, internet of things botnets aiming at crypto currency, security
of data and privacy concerns, artificial intelligence and automation, home invasions,
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untrustworthy communication and many more. There is various internet of things devices that
send messages to network without encryption. This is one of the leading security challenge that
are faced by businesses. Apart from this, there are around 23 billion internet of things connected
devices all over the world currently. This number will increase to reach around 30 billion by year
2020 and approximately 60 billion by year 2025 (Sadeghi, Wachsmann and Waidner, (2015,
June). This view of new gadgets does not come without cost. One of the main issue with tech
organisations developing these devices is they are careless in terms of handling of security risks
related to devices.
According to the viewpoint of Li, Da Xu and Zhao, (2015), many organizations now support
businesses to utilize internet of things in order to resolve industry specific, long standing
challenges. These companies develop solutions that connect devices, gather data as well as
derive insights with scalable and open solutions which improves productivity, maximize revenue
and reduce cost. Internet of things supports individuals to manage their routine lives with
efficient monitoring and more control. In the world of technology, wearable devices have been
preferred more since the introduction of smart glasses and smart watches. Along with the other
emerging trends like industrial internet, smart supply chain, smart energy, connected health,
smart retail, smart farming and many others, the market of internet of things is booming. Even
with the help of cloud platform, artificial intelligence has the ability to improve internet of
things. For robotic process automation which is the system that translate the processes of
business into software driven decision trees, internet of things is a chief enabler. robotic process
automation administers scalability and cost saving advantages for businesses (Lin and
Bergmann, (2016). The speedy evolution of technologies of communication, specifically in the
area of internet of things includes challenges that are far beyond the aspects of technology such
as privacy and data protection. The development of internet of things provides extended number
of opportunities to the businesses as well as the entire world.
CONCLUSION
As per the above discussed literature review, it has been concluded that internet of things
provides various opportunities to business in terms of reducing cost, maximise profitability,
increasing effectiveness of business processes etc. but, there are some disadvantages also. Many
security and privacy issues are associated with it includes insufficient testing and updating, data
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security, artificial intelligence and automations etc. All these issues needs to be considered by
business and must take effective measures in order to overcome them.
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REFERENCES
Books and Journals
Borgohain, T., Kumar, U., & Sanyal, S. (2015). Survey of security and privacy issues of internet
of things. arXiv preprint arXiv:1501.02211.
Das, M. L. (2015, February). Privacy and security challenges in Internet of Things.
In International Conference on Distributed Computing and Internet Technology (pp. 33-
48). Springer, Cham.
Dorri, A., Kanhere, S. S., & Jurdak, R. (2016). Blockchain in internet of things: challenges and
solutions. arXiv preprint arXiv:1608.05187.
Hossain, M. M., Fotouhi, M., & Hasan, R. (2015, June). Towards an analysis of security issues,
challenges, and open problems in the internet of things. In 2015 IEEE World Congress on
Services (pp. 21-28). IEEE.
Kumar, S. A., Vealey, T., & Srivastava, H. (2016, January). Security in internet of things:
Challenges, solutions and future directions. In 2016 49th Hawaii International
Conference on System Sciences (HICSS) (pp. 5772-5781). IEEE.
Lee, I., & Lee, K. (2015). The Internet of Things (IoT): Applications, investments, and
challenges for enterprises. Business Horizons, 58(4), 431-440.
Li, S., Da Xu, L., & Zhao, S. (2015). The internet of things: a survey. Information Systems
Frontiers, 17(2), 243-259.
Lin, H., & Bergmann, N. W. (2016). IoT privacy and security challenges for smart home
environments. Information, 7(3), 44.
Sadeghi, A. R., Wachsmann, C., & Waidner, M. (2015, June). Security and privacy challenges in
industrial internet of things. In 2015 52nd ACM/EDAC/IEEE Design Automation
Conference (DAC) (pp. 1-6). IEEE.
Yang, Y., Wu, L., Yin, G., Li, L., & Zhao, H. (2017). A survey on security and privacy issues in
Internet-of-Things. IEEE Internet of Things Journal, 4(5), 1250-1258.
Online
Internet of Things (IoT) — security, privacy, applications & trends, 2019. [Online]. Available
through: <https://medium.com/@arindey/internet-of-things-iot-security-privacy-
applications-trends-3708953c6200>
internet of things (IoT). 2020. [Online]. Available through:
<https://internetofthingsagenda.techtarget.com/definition/Internet-of-Things-IoT>
7 Ways the IoT Can Change the Business World, 2018. [Online]. Available through:
<https://www.iotevolutionworld.com/smart-home/articles/437712-7-ways-iot-change-
business-world.htm>
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