Swinburne University: IoT Security Research Methods Review - ICT90003

This report provides a comprehensive method review of research on the security of Internet of Things (IoT) devices. The review focuses on the methodologies employed in existing studies, specifically examining the use of prototypes and experiments to assess and enhance IoT security. The report includes an introduction outlining the significance of IoT security, followed by a description of the search methodology used to identify relevant papers from databases like Scopus, IEEE Explore, and Google Scholar. The core of the report analyzes the research methods, datasets, materials, procedures, and limitations of selected studies. The report aims to understand how research is conducted in this field, providing insights into past research limitations to improve future research directions. The findings are expected to contribute to a better understanding of research approaches and to inform the development of more effective IoT security measures. The report concludes with a discussion of the strengths and weaknesses of the methods reviewed and suggests future research directions.

METHOD REVIEW
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Table of Contents
Introduction......................................................................................................................................3
Description of Research Methods....................................................................................................3
Comparison of methods...................................................................................................................4
Critical analysis...............................................................................................................................7
Conclusion.......................................................................................................................................8
References........................................................................................................................................9
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Introduction
The readability issues of terms and conditions are one of the significant areas related to privacy
and security breaches among the customers all users. The use of information technology has
various policies regarding the privacy and protection of user’s information but due to the process
of unreadable terms and conditions breaches are increasing every day. Most of the online
organisations have the policies to collect personal information about the customers which are
being stored and process and sometimes also analysed for gaining knowledge about the customer
for adding up more value for the services or products. Collection of this information is counted
within the organisational business model. This information has specific terms and conditions
which are documented and all online service providers provide these terms and conditions to
their customers (Abdulkadiroğlu et al. 2017). However, these terms and conditions generally
time consuming for reading which is the main reason behind most of the customer avoid to read
out. The purpose of this research review is to understand the specific research methods which
have used for reviewing the knowledge about this topic area.
Description of Research Methods
For this research, on the privacy and security breaches due to the visibility of terms and
conditions, a survey on the Peer-reviewed scholarly articles has done. The peer review scholarly
article refers to the academic or professional piece of writing written by the scholars with the
relevant source of information. For the complete research, the secondary data is used for
understanding the research area (Carter et al. 2014). Mainly, the secondary data is used for this
research review. The secondary data refers to directly the information which is collected by other
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than the user of the data currently. The secondary data is commonly sourced from the various
recorded documentation. This recorded documentation might include from the organisational
records, books, journals, government department data, etc. However, most of the secondary data
are authorised, and therefore the authenticity of the work related to secondary data information
provide the best quality of research. There is also the advantage of using secondary data because
the information is collected from legally documented areas like the government department, tax
records, social security, etc. (De Coninck and Helsen, 2016). In addition to that, the progress of
the data is continuously gained from this secondary data because of its necessity in the society
and national level. In addition to that most of the libraries and internet resources of data are
counted among the secondary data. However, within the secondary data, both the quantitative
and qualitative data can we find out which is more valid and reliable than any other type of data.
For research on this topic, the survey method is used as part of the secondary data. This survey is
done in the peer-reviewed scholarly journals which contain both statistical data and descriptive
data (Hair et al. 2015). However, surveying the secondary data collection increases the
authenticity of the data by providing proper cost-effectiveness.
Comparison of methods
The research methods refer to the scientific and systematic procedure of data gathering,
completion, analysis of the data, interpretation and also using them for different purpose of
solving the problem. The general classification of research method and mainly two different
types doors are qualitative research and quantitative research (Kratochwill, 2015). The
qualitative research refers to gathering the information which did not contain mathematical
techniques but includes the descriptive type of data which is not at all numerical. However, the
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quantitative data is different from the qualitative data and mainly focuses on solving problems
describing it by using the proper use of numbers. The quantitative research refers to the statistical
data collection for drawing the proper conclusion from the data.
Depending on the nature of study the research method can also be selected by the researcher.
There are two different type of research method according to the study of nature. One is known
as the analytical research, and the other type is descriptive research. The analytical research
refers to the different data or facts collected by the researcher who is already available and using
those data for mainly critically evaluating it. The descriptive research method is different from
the analytical research because the descriptive research includes various service studies which
mainly aiming at the identification of various facts (Levine et al. 2018). Another most essential
nature of detailed research is evaluating especially the present facts no control within the
variables is identified.
Depending on the purpose of the study research Method can also be distinguished. There is two
type of purpose for a research one is the fundamental research, and the other one is applied
research. However, the fundamental research is known as the pure research or basic research, but
the applied research mainly depends on the action of the research. The differences between the
applied researches have specified the purpose of the study. The fundamental research is primarily
aiming at solving problems by using the field of application. However, the applied study refers to
illuminating all theories related to the research and developing a new one within the discipline
(Lewis, 2015). In addition to that, the fundamental research can work by accounting several
controls together for solving the problem, but the focus of applied research mainly analyse the
problem under one discipline. In the applied research the process of generalisation are primary
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preferred but in the process of fundamental research generalisation is not the central concept but
researching on individual cases is also involved. The focus of fundamental research is on
describing the ways various things are changing, but for Applied research, the forecasting
approach of change implicated as part of the research. The fundamental research is associated
with acknowledging the variables which are mainly constant in the process of changing but the
applied research mainly assume that other variables are not associated with change (Lin et al.
2017). Finally most of the significant reports written or compiled in the simple language all
common language. As for the applied research, the reports are written on the technical language
of the research discipline.
Finally, there is another type of differences within the Research Design which are exploratory
Research and conclusive research. The conclusive research is based on the contrary, and the
purpose of this research is to provide the conclusive answer for final answers to the specified
research questions. However, the exploratory study aims to explore the research area without
attempting on giving answers to the research questions. The Research Design is the main
purpose of this type of research methods. As the main differences between these two type of
research characterised by the structure, methodology, hypothesis and findings of the research.
The conclusive research is mainly systematic in design and well structure research. The
exploratory research mainly has a loose structure design (Maeder et al. 2018). The methodology
of the exploratory research is the investigation as well as flexible. However, the conclusive
research methodology is mainly defensive and formal which has developed for the process of
testing and following needs. The hypothesis of conclusive research mainly done for the process
of testing of formulated hypothesis and the exploratory research hypothesis did not involve with
testing of hypothesis. Lastly, the findings of the exploratory research are topic specific and did
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not have specific outside relevance from the domain of the researcher. But the findings of
conclusive research based on the theoretical and applied implication.
Strengths and limitations- However, there are some strengths and limitations of the quantitative
and qualitative research methodology. Using the quantitative method is associated with
providing numeric details of the research topic on the security and privacy breaches because of
the readability of terms and conditions (McCord et al. 2017). The use of numeric data related to
the online service user customers helps in understanding the proper numbers of online service
using customers and their perception of this readability concept. But the proper understanding or
concept of the service users did not be gathered from this quantitative data. The statistical
understanding can we build up with this quantitative data about this breaching of privacy and
security policy but how the online service using customers is explaining their breaching of policy
and security issues cannot be understood.
In case of using the qualitative method, the perceptions about the customers understanding
related to the readability concept can be understood with the various process of qualitative data
collection (Nuttin, 2014). The articles introduce various case studies which contain the
customer's concept of this topic. But what is the specific number of customers who are agreed
with this same statement or who did not properly agree with the statement cannot be understood
with the use of the qualitative method. Therefore for appropriate data collection on this topic
area, both are quantitative and qualitative research has been done on the secondary data collected
from the peer-reviewed scholarly articles (Sekaran & Bougie, 2016).
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Critical analysis
For this specific research area, a specific process of the research area is identified and used for
this research. In the initial step, the identification of the problem is done. Depending on the
problem of privacy and security breaching issues related to the readability of terms and condition
policies in the online service providing organisation, a literature review is developed. In the next
step, the clarification of the problem is developed on the topic for specifying the research areas.
After that terms and conditions are developed for the description of the data (Wohlin and Aurum,
2015). After that, the specific area of Data Collection in the procedure of Data Collection is
selected depending on the literature review outcome and problem statement. In this study, the
secondary data is by doing a survey on the on the selected Peer-reviewed journal on the selected
topic. Finally, the data is analysed by using both quantitative and qualitative process. The data
collected from the secondary research include both the quantitative and qualitative authentic data
from various authentic sources. Those data are critically analysed for limiting the number of bias
for this research.
Conclusion
In light of the above discussion, it can be established at the use of secondary data from the Peer-
reviewed journals has helped in developing understanding about the policy and security breaches
related to the readability of terms and conditions used by the online service providing
organisation. The process is time-consuming for most of the customers, and the length of the
term and conditions are increasing with every legal intervention. Therefore understanding or
properly reading them is not always possible for the service users. This methodological use of
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data collection and data analysis process help in understanding the various aspects related to the
specific topic. It also broadens up the areas which need more focus for future research on this
topic area. Finally, it can be recommended that for the better understanding of this topic primary
research can be introduced based on this topic to understand the grassroots level information
from the service users itself.
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References
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Lin, X., Xu, Z., Rainer, A., Rice, R., Spence, P.R. and Lachlan, K.A., 2017. Research in crises:
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