Analyzing IoT for Smart City Development: Architecture and Protocols

This report provides an overview of the application of Internet of Things (IoT) in developing smart cities. It highlights how various technologies like Big Data, cheap sensors, IPv6, ubiquitous wireless coverage, smartphones, cheap processing, and bandwidth are integrated to improve living standards, transportation, and essential services. The report discusses the concept of a smart city, focusing on integrating information with communication technology to connect physical devices, enhance city operations, and improve citizens' living standards. It covers the technology roadmap for IoT, advantages such as improved security, waste management, traffic awareness, and transportation management. The report also delves into the web service approach for developing IoT architecture, protocols for IoT nodes (constrained and unconstrained), the use of data storage with XML and Big Data, and various link layer technologies. The conclusion emphasizes the use of cloud-based platforms for smart city development and the integration of IoT devices with Intelligent Transportation Systems (ITS) to reduce user effort, along with the need for applications to manage citizens, municipal staff, and administrators.

IOT FOR SMART
CITY
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Author’s Note

Overview
■ It is an innovative project which uses the different information and
technology for the improvement of the living standard, transportation
and different services essential for living.
■ It helps in meeting the current and future needs of the users by
engaging government, business, individuals and interconnecting them
for getting real time information and providing better services in the
city

What is IoT?
There are different technologies that is combined to form IoT such as
■ Big Data
■ Cheap Sensors
■ IPv6
■ Ubiquitous wireless coverage
■ Smartphones
■ Cheap processing
■ Cheap bandwidth

Concept of Smart City
■ In the concept of smart city different
information's are integrated with the
communication technology for connecting the
different physical devices with each other.
■ The smart city is developed for increasing the
operation and services of the city and connect
the citizens for the improvement of the current
living standards.
■ It is developed for maintaining a sustainable
economic growth and enabling wise
management of the natural resources by
increasing the efficiency.

Technology road map for internet
of things

Advantages of smart city
■ Security – It provides safety to the citizens and implement new
technology for monitoring the identity of the user and measure the
quality of the air for the management of the fire and other perceived
stations.
■ Waste management – provides real time monitoring of the garbage
bins, smart water grids for reducing the wastage
■ Traffic awareness and management of infrastructure issues - helps in
improvement of the traffic patterns and analysis of the carbon
dioxide emission form the traffics
■ Transportation management – Helps in estimating the time of train,
public transport and buses and find the alternative routes to reach
the destination address earlier than the estimated time.

Aims of smart city
■ For supporting better living, support stronger communism and add
more options and opportunities for the people living in the city.
■ For the utilization of the resources sustainably
■ For the reduction of the cost of operation and the administration of
the public activity

WEB Service approach for
developing the IoT architcture

Protocols of IoT nodes
There are different types of protocols used for IoT nodes and they are
divided into the following two groups:
■ Unconstrained – HTML or XML , HTTP or TCP, IPv4 or IPv6
■ Constrained – EXI, CoAP or UDP, IPv6 or 6LoWPAN

Use of data storage
■ In the data XML is used commonly and big data is used as a common
platform for the management of the information generated from
different sensors of smart cities
■ Big data is able to handle huge volume of structured or unstructured
data for providing high level analysis and management of the flow of
information.

Methods
There are different link layer technologies for the management of the
different operation in smart city.
■ High reliability
■ Lower latency
■ Increase in transfer rate
■ Less consumption of energy
■ Longer latency
■ Implementation of power saving policies.

Model