Literature Review of IoT for Telemonitoring in Emergency Healthcare

This literature review examines the application of Internet of Things (IoT) in telemonitoring systems for emergency healthcare. It analyzes various techniques, including remote health monitoring, smart monitoring systems for the elderly and disabled, and the use of connected homes. The review identifies the problem of increasing mortality risks in heart patients and the need for affordable, accessible healthcare solutions. It discusses the components of these systems, such as sensors, actuators, and wireless devices, and their advantages and disadvantages, including data security concerns and the complexity of hardware management. The review also considers the impact of information sharing and statistical analysis, and concludes that IoT-based telemonitoring has the potential to improve patient outcomes and reduce healthcare costs by enabling continuous, non-invasive monitoring and timely intervention. The document also includes a review of a study focused on reducing mortality risks in heart patients and increasing benefits in biological data through continuous monitoring.

Literatures Review (Secondary Research) Template
St. NMAE : Vidyasagar Akula
St. ID: 11607562
Lec. Name: Abeer Alsadoon
Student Name &
CSU ID
Vidyasagar Akula, 11607562
Project Topic Title
IoT for Tele Monitoring in Emergency Healthcare System
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Version 1.0 _ Week 1
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Reference in APA format Kraai, I., de Vries, A., Vermeulen, K., van Deursen, V., van der Wal, M., de Jong, R., ... &
Lesman, I. (2016). The value of telemonitoring and ICT-guided disease management in
heart failure: Results from the IN TOUCH study. International journal of medical
informatics, 85(1), 53-60.
URL of the Reference Authors Names and Emails
and Level of Journal
Keywords in this Reference
https://www-sciencedirect-
com.ezproxy.csu.edu.au/science/
article/pii/S1386505615300447
Author names:ImkeKraai, Arjende Vries,
KarinVermeulen, Vincentvan
Deursen, Martjevan der Wal,
Richardde Jong, Renévan Dijk,
TinyJaarsma, HansHillege,
IvonneLesman
Level of Journal: Q1
Heart failure, Disease management, Telemonitoring
,ICT-guided disease-management
Computer decision support.
The Name of the Current
Solution (Technique/ Method/
Scheme/ Algorithm/ Model/
Tool/ Framework/ ... etc )
The Goal (Purpose) of this
Solution & What is the Problem
that needs to be solved
What are the components of it?
Current Solution:
 An essential, affordable
and immediate healthcare
system development in
order to serve reliable
frequency holding
monitoring systems.
Problem:
 The issue of disabilities within
people due to Fast growing
technology has increased the
life expectancy of the in last
few decades.
 People with disabilities, due to
 Remote Health Monitoring
 Internet of Things and connected homes
 Smart Monitoring Systems for Elderly and
People with Disability
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 To deal with the increasing
life expectancy and aging
population physiological
parameters are
successfully reached by
implementing the below-
given techniques.
Techniques: Smart home is the
implemented technique.
 This technique can
advantage at below given
fields in telemonitoring.
 Incorporation of
environmental and
wearable sensors and
actuators.
 Avails remote monitoring of
elders at low cost.
 Avails provision of all health
care benefits in the home
with the feasible pricing
model.
Tools:
 Wireless Sensor
Network (WSN)
Applied Area:
their limited mobility and
independence, are often
deprived of their regular
healthcare needs.
 Chronic diseases and
conditions such as heart
disease, stroke, cancer, and
diabetes are among the most
common health problems in
adults.
 In addition, unregulated blood
sugar i.e., diabetes, in case of
failure to managed properly,
may lead to long-term
complications such as kidney
failure, limb amputations, and
blindness.
 To overcome all these authors
felt that emergency services
has to be treated and
monitored regularly.
Goal: Goal of this paper to provide an
affordable, un-obtrusive and comprehensive
healthcare solution with minimal workforce
is of utmost importance for long-term health
management and monitoring, especially for
the rapidly rising elderly population.
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 Majorly in health care.
Ways: Sensors can be placed
clothes or on the body also
implanted in issue, which can
facilitate measurement of blood
pressure, heart rate, blood
glucose, EEG, ECG, and respiration
rate
The Process (Mechanism) of this Work; Means How the Problem has Solved & Advantage & Disadvantage of
Each Step in This Process
Process Steps Advantage Disadvantages
1 Remote health monitoring :
 E-health and M-health are two
different applications in the
remote health monitoring
system
 E-health uses the information
and communication
technologies to enable
automated health services, e-
services and e-prescription for
patients.
 M-health enables the high-
speed data transfer from
anywhere and at any time.
 These records can be accessed
 Allows un-obtrusive,
ubiquitous, and real-time
monitoring of physiological
signs without interrupting the
daily activities of individuals.
 Easy management as People
can remain in their familiar
home environment and enjoy
their normal lives with the
friends and family while their
health is being monitored.
 Anomaly detection in long-
term health analysis.
 Telemedicine avails another
advanced method in E-health
service that enables remote
 High chances of data
breeching as this model
compromises the sensitive
data of the patient So strong
data encryption required to
protect the data.
 The smart home is an
incorporation of sensors,
actuators and wireless
devices to generate the
data. Delay chances are
high.
 The smart home is a
complex of devices and
systems connected in the
same platform so need
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by authorized health care
person in case of emergency
services required and help to
make the decision make
according to the patient
situation.
 The following diagram shows
how e-health system works:
healthcare support. It analyzes
the usage of medicines and
makes the information
according to the usage. This
information will be available
for the authorized people to
access with the help of
modern communication
technologies
strong integration plan to
avoid integration issues.
2 Smart Monitoring Systems for Elderly and
People with Disability.
 Enables Automated emergency call
system.
 Location provision.
 Implementation of cameras in high
resolution monitoring.
 An easy gathering of
information with Artificial
intelligence.
 Easy analyzing of data
concerned with health care in
telemonitoring.
 Easy access management and
sharing of patient data.
 Complex measurements of
parameters like
physiological ones.
 Efficient energy
requirement.
3 Internet-of-Things and
Connected Homes
 Highly capable of
information sharing and
organizing.
 Allows smooth human-to-
 Centralized management.
 Organized decision making.
 Easy wireless communication.
 Hardware management is highly
complex.
 Optimization and maintenance are
difficult in telemonitoring health
care system.
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human, human-to-things,
and things-to-things
interaction.
Major Impact Factors in this Work
Dependent Variable Independent Variable
Information sharing Information sharing should be perfect in order to avail
authorized access and management.
Information optimization Optimisation of information should be done well to reach
monitoring at each level.
Input and Output The feature of This Solution Contribution & The Value of This
Work
Input Output
Sensors,
Hardware devices
and raw data of
the patients to
me analyzed and
A well-managed
network for
communication of
android based
Smartphone
 Can easily measure physiological signs of
the resident.
 Easy transmission of data computed to
platforms for analyzing.
 Easy tracking of the signs over a web-
based interface.
 The system is capable of
transmitting real-time
information to a remote medical
server over both the cellular
networks and internet in case of
an emergency or on request.
 Secure video communication
between doctor and patients,
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monitored. using Bluetooth.
The Smartphone
functions as the
gateway to a
long-range
communication
network such as
a 3G cellular
phone network or
wireless local
area network
(WLAN
remote health monitoring, and
emergency care service.
4. were the conclusion justified
and How?
Analyse This Work By Critical
Thinking
The Tools That Assessed this Work
Yes, the state-of-the-art technologies for
elderly care in smart home platforms. The
primary objective of the smart homes is to allow
the elderly to receive continuous, non-invasive
and seamless healthcare service while staying in
their convenient home environment. It allows
the elderly to minimize their frequency of visits
to, or length of stay in expensive healthcare
centers such as clinics, hospital and long-term
care centers, thereby allowing them to lead
independent and active lives.
 Advancement in the technology
that enables the development of
low-power, small and low-cost
sensors, and actuators coupled
with modern communication
technologies paved the way
towards realizing continuous
monitoring services in a smart
home platform from a distant
facility.
 A key concern for the seamless
 Wireless Sensor Network
(WSN)
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operation of the smart home
system is associated with its
energy requirement. Low power
consumption and high energy
efficiency are critical for the
smart home, especially for the
wearable and mobile systems
used for long-term monitoring
purposes. Advanced battery
technologies, as well as low-
power electronic components,
can be used to increase the
operating-time of the system.
Researchers also may put their
efforts into developing and
integrating efficient energy
harvesting technologies to fulfill
the energy requirements of
wearable and mobile systems in
the smart home.
Diagram/Flowchart
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Figure 1: Number of patient detailing.
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Reference in APA format Yun, J. E., Park, J. E., Park, H. Y., Lee, H. Y., & Park, D. A. (2018). Comparative Effectiveness of
Telemonitoring Versus Usual Care for Heart Failure: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis. Journal of
cardiac failure, 24(1), 19-28.
URL of the Reference Authors Names and Emails
and Level of Journal
Keywords in this Reference
https://www-sciencedirect-
com.ezproxy.csu.edu.au/science/
article/pii/S1071916417312113
Author names: Ji Eun Yun, Jeong-
EunPark, Hyun-YoungPark, Hae-
YoungLee, Dong-AhPark
Level of Journal: Q1
Heart failure, telemonitoring, systematic review
meta-analysis
The Name of the Current
Solution (Technique/ Method/
Scheme/ Algorithm/ Model/
Tool/ Framework/ ... etc )
The Goal (Purpose) of this
Solution & What is the Problem
that need to be solved
What are the components of it?
Techniques: Telemonitoring
Tools: Cochrane Risk of Bias (Rob)
Applied Area: Health care meta-
analysis.
Problem: Problem is the increasing
mortality risks in heart patients.
Goal: Mainly the aim is to reduce
mortality risks in heart patients and
increasing benefits in biological data
of the patients with continuous
monitoring.
Components of telemonitoring using IOT
include:
 Bias risk management.
 Primary delivery modes.
 Weight monitoring.
 Medication adherence.
 Medication reconciliation.
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The Process (Mechanism) of this Work; Means How the Problem has Solved & Advantage & Disadvantage of
Each Step in This Process
Process Steps Advantage Disadvanta
ge
(Limitation)
1 Literature search strategy: Complete research about the diseases found
in the patients is done under this phase as well as solutions to the respected
problems are also analyzed.
Provides the fast
solutions for diseases
analyzed.
Highly
complex to
manage.
2 Search strategy: Search strategy involves the detailed research by the
authors about diseases like cardiac interventions and rehabilitations.
Avails a detailed view of
diseases in a well-
evaluated form of
presentations and
reports.
Time
complexity is
very high.
3 Data extraction and quality assessment: Data extraction and quality
assessment include patient data extractions and the respective quality
checks for well telemonitoring. Basically, the detailing about disease cause is
done.
Avails complete quality
assessment of patient
data.
Individually
assessment
increases
time
complexity.
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4 Statistical Analysis: Statistical Analysis includes the statistical representation of the analyzed
data using Meta data analysis.
Avails a statistical view
of the patient data
analyzed with the help
of meta data.
Gathering
each
information
according to
patient
needs and
solutions
time
consumption
is high.
Major Impact Factors in this Work
Dependent Variable Independent Variable
Data Extraction Data extraction should be carried out appropriately in order
to categorize all the patient data for an emergency
healthcare system.
Statistical analysis Statistical analysis should be carried out in an appropriate
way to ensure the presentable view of analyzed diseases
and their solutions in the telemonitoring process.
Input and Output The feature of This Solution Contribution & The Value of This
Work
Input Output
 Well, monitoring availability to deal with
complex patient data.
 Feasible reach to machinery for tests like
The contribution is in fields like:
 Reducing mortality rate of humans.
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