Examining the Budgetary Framework of Ireland: A Comprehensive Analysis

This report delves into Ireland's new budgetary framework, examining its components, including the Finance Bill, tax credits, welfare rates, and investment programs. It explores the rationale behind these components, such as European and domestic considerations, and the role of the Irish Fiscal Advisory Council (IFAC). The analysis highlights shortfalls in implementation, particularly regarding fiscal stance, spending management, and tax collection. The report concludes that while the new framework represents a step in economic recovery, improvements are needed, especially in addressing deficiencies identified by the IFAC to enhance transparency and effectiveness. The study covers the institutionalization of the budgetary structure, the government's efforts to manage expenditure, and the impact of fiscal policies on the Irish economy, including the impact of Brexit. The report also highlights the role of the Finance Bill, tax regime, and corporate tax rates in the framework. The report also touches upon good governance and multi-year spending ceilings. The report also covers the various roles of IFAC and its limitations.

Running head: BUDGETARY FRAMEWORK OF IRELAND
BUDGETARY FRAMEWORK OF IRELAND
Name of the Student
Name of the University
Authors Note`

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Table of Contents
Introduction......................................................................................................................................2
Components of Ireland’s new budgetary framework......................................................................2
Rationale for these components.......................................................................................................4
Shortfalls in implementation as identified by the IFAC in this context of budget 2017.................6
Conclusion.......................................................................................................................................8
References........................................................................................................................................9

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Introduction
The study focuses on the Irish new budgetary framework that leaves the nation and the
public finances exposed in adverse events. Budgetary framework refers to the set of procedures,
institutions, arrangements and rules that underlie demeanor of government’s budgetary policies.
The budget framework of Irish previously was cash-based and mainly focused on annual budget
expenditure management. The components of new budgetary framework of this nation are also
highlighted in this study. During the period of 2008-2010, as financial as well as fiscal crisis
deepened in this country, budget management was under scrutiny. Due to rise in government
deficit and public debt, reforms in budget management were required (Nerlich and Reuter 2013).
However, Irish Fiscal Advisory Council (IFAC) was established in July 2011 for bringing about
reforms. The paper lao reflects about the shortfalls in implementation of new budgetary
framework that has been identified by IFAC.
Components of Ireland’s new budgetary framework
One of the vital achievements for Ireland has been institutionalization of their new budgetary
structure. The government has implemented new budgetary structure in order to gain phased
decline in debt to safer stage and to make certain that fiscal credibility is sufficient for avoiding
sternness in bad economic phase (Mercille 2013). Therefore, incomplete adoption of budgetary
structure leaves this nation as well as public finances exposed to shocks namely Brexit. Ireland’s
budget 2017 reflects slowdown in enhancement of public finances in the year 2016. This
budgetary framework reflects compliance with the rule of structural balance. It also shows that
increase in spending for higher pay in public sector should counterbalance by lower expenditure

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in other segments (Turley 2013). The government of Ireland has enshrined many new elements
in new budgetary framework and introduced innovations in the procedure of budget.
The new budgetary framework in 2017 has been implemented for stepping towards building
sustainable and vibrant economy. The main initiatives include:
 Introduction of tax credits that are refundable
 Rise in welfare rates
 Introduction of least corporate tax rate
 An investment program focusing on broadband and housing delivery
One of the significant components of new budgetary framework of this nation is the cycle of
Finance Bill. It refers to the procedure through which tax legislation of Ireland is being designed.
The finance Bill that has been published by Finance minister of Ireland involves few measures
that includes-
 Tax should be paid by workers of health insurance organizations on the benefits that they
receive from the insurance policies (NUSSLE 2012)
 Provision for high capital allowance of the equipments that are implemented for
improving energy efficiency
 Provision for giving legal effect to multilateral instrument of the OECD that aids in
updating the present tax treaties of this nation
 Exception of stamp duty for trained framers rental land owing to taxpayers confidentiality
 Reforms in restricting the method of decreasing international investors liabilities on the
property transactions

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Another component of this budgetary framework is to provide decent services as well as
infrastructure and reduce unemployment in the economy. In this year, huge cuts to payments
have been imposed for enhancing development in this economy. The main aim of this new
budget 2017 has been to reduce inequality in income. However, this budget framework also
include rise in payment of social protection.
Taxation is also included as the key component of this new budgetary framework as it
plays a significant role in framing Irish society. The budgetary framework in 2017 is the basis of
policy framework for increasing sufficient taxation in order to finance infrastructure and service
level in the present period (Meade 2012). This new budget structure also reflects that
government has established minimum tax rate for the corporate sector of around 6% that helps in
ensuring that trans- nationals pay higher share of this corporate tax. In addition, implementation
of refundable tax credit helps in solving the problem of low-income laborers in the economy.
The reason behind this is that as low-income laborers earns less, they does not use up their tax
credit and hence they benefits from this reduction in income tax.
The other component of new budgetary structure includes multi-year spending ceilings,
good governance and sustainability (Scarth 2014). The government of Ireland has introduced the
partnership government program for improving the transparency of their new budgetary process.
This program also helps in ensuring that independent budget office has been sufficiently
resourced for fulfilling their function in effective way.
Rationale for these components
Ireland has established this new budgetary framework in order to manage the expenditure
allocations every year in effective way. The reform series in the budgetary process has been

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implemented by the Ireland government in order to make this process more transparent. The two
main rationales behind this new budgetary structure includes- European rationale and Domestic
rationale (Lienert 2013). Eureopean rationale defines the spillovers across the countries. On the
other hand, domestic rationale is to avoid pro-cyclicality in good economic times and forced
adjustments at bad phase of the economy.
The rationale for publishing Finance Bill by Ireland government is to aim at vulture funds
and other foreign investors for availing loopholes in law of avoiding payment of asset tax that
they hold. This section has been mainly introduced in order to benefit the industry of financial
services by implementation of innovative measures that intends in stimulating growth and
ensuring competitiveness in this industry (Guo and Neshkova 2013). Moreover, the finance
minister of Ireland has proclaimed that this Finance Bill will contain measures in restricting the
offshore defaulters opportunity in utilizing the disclosure regime.
Corporate rate of tax have been considered as one of the vital component of the enterprise
environment in this nation for the last few decades. The tax regime of Ireland is transparent and
mainly complies with the guidelines of OECD and competition law of EU ( European Union).
The main features of the tax regime of this nation make it attractive locations for global
investment (Goodwin et al. 2014). The finance minister of Ireland retains corporate tax rate at
12.5% in 2017 in order to remain competitive and increase opportunity of FDI (Foreign Direct
Investment) in this country. This implementation of reduced corporate tax rate facilitates the
organizations of this country in enhancing their growth and expanding their business in the
global market.

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The new budgetary framework of this nation reflects that social welfare payment has
increased by 5 pound in this year. The rationale behind rise in payment of social welfare is to
reduce the level of poverty of this country. It has opined by Collins (2014),near about half of the
Irish population would live in poverty if the social welfare payments have not been increased.
However, adequate payment of social welfare helps the country in preventing as well as
addressing from poverty. In addition, rise in core welfare payments has not been enough in
keeping pace with the benchmark. Thus, further rise in social welfare payment has been required
to reduce the gap between average earnings and welfare payments.
Oversight of budget with the help of good governance is vital as it makes the Ireland ‘s
government work for their Irish people. Good governance refers to the method of decision
making and hence implementation of it facilitates the government of Ireland in delivering better
services to their people (Carlitz 2013). The new budget framework has been prepared by the Irish
government by focusing on enhancement of governance as well as accountability in every
nations. In addition, the rationale for another component that is multi-year spending ceilings is to
open the structural way, planning as well as prioritization in each segments with parliamentary
oversight and public input.
Shortfalls in implementation as identified by the IFAC in this context of budget 2017
The IFAC ‘s mandate is to :
 Evaluate the official prediction that is produced by the Finance department. These are
basically the macroeconomic as well as budgetary prediction that are published by this
department.

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 Appraise whether the government’s fiscal stance is beneficial to prudent budgetary
management (Kinsella 2012).
 Monitor and evaluate budgetary rule that has been framed in Fiscal Responsibility Act.
Therefore, this budgetary rule reflects that the budget framed by Ireland government is in
surplus.
 In accordance with this budgetary framework, to appraise whether non-compliance is the
outcome of exceptional situation. This however means that stern economic downturn or
adverse events have huge effect on their position of budgetary framework.
 Endorse the macroeconomic prediction that has been framed by the IFAC on which
update of stability program are based.
IFAC has achieved high reputation of competence as well as independence since its
establishment. One of the huge deficiencies of IFAC is lack of resources for monitoring the
budgetary process in timely way. Moreover IFAC has flexibility in spending their funds with
the given ceilings (Burda and Wyplosz 2013). This IFAC has also developed feedback model
in order to evaluate whether the set targets of the Ireland government deficit can be attained.
In addition, although it help the government in framing the budgetary structure, it does not
scrutinize the new budgetary framework proposal for the present fiscal year.
Some of the shortfalls of the implementation of this new budgetary framework of this
nation’s government includes-
 Loosening of fiscal stance that is beyond the measured package for this new budget in
this year that have been already announced is not appropriate. It has been stated by

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Algieri (2013), planned fiscal stance has been highly expansionary rather than
implied by use of 1 pound billion of the fiscal space for the present year 2017.
 It has been predicted that innovation of new budgetary process does not help in
addressing deficiencies in spending management as well as planning. It has been
argued by IFAC that forecast in expenditure mainly takes into account level of
inflation and hence the given demand for decent service is required to improve
planning of expenditure (Mankiw 2014). Therefore, this shortfall in budgetary
framework must be improved that has been underpinned by IFAC.
 Another shortfall that has been noticed from the recent study is the collection of less
tax than it has been expected, It has been seen from recent report that the government
of Ireland has gathered less tax of 1.4% in the first few months of this year. The
receipts of income tax and excise duties have been below 2.65 and 4.3% below.
Conclusion
From the above report, it has been concluded that The IFAC has established track record
fpor advising the government of Ireland regarding structuring of new budgetary framework. In
addition, the budgetary procedure of this nation has been remarkably informal as well as
centralized with their government. Moreover, the finance department plays crucial role in
explaining about the policy implementation. It has been noted that this country mainly operates
at fused legislative system with their government being elected by the majority of Irish people.
However, the new budgetary structure in 2017 implemented by government represents vital step
in economic recovery of this country. While preparing the budget, the Ireland government
balances the requirement for economic as well as budgetary sustainability along with provision
of investment and decent services in infrastructure. The government of Ireland now includes

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responses to the analysis of IFAC that includes updating of stability program. The IFAC mandate
has been evolved from the new role in endorsing their macroeconomic prediction. Another
segment where the role of IFAC evolves is focusing on sustainability issues in long term.
Moreover, IFAC also underpins the shortfall in implementation of these new budgetary policies
in order to make the process of budget more transparent and improve on their framework.
References
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