ISIT950 Assignment 1: Role of IS/IT Report on Traffic and Waste

This report analyzes the role of Information Systems and Information Technology (IS/IT) in project management, focusing on three key areas: traffic management in London, the National Packaging Waste Database (NPWD), and an analysis of a research paper on IT project failures. The report explores system development approaches, including the waterfall model and agile methodologies, to ensure projects are delivered on time and within budget, emphasizing stakeholder engagement and the importance of clear project scope. The analysis examines the NPWD system, highlighting the need for agile methodologies to address time constraints and budget considerations. Furthermore, the report discusses the influence of system development methodologies on IT project failures, offering insights into best practices for successful project management, including time management, scope management, and teamwork. The report also includes a reflection on the learning experience and individual contributions to the assignment.

4/2/2020
Running head: ROLE OF IS/IT 0
Role of IS/IT
Report
Student name

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Table of Contents
Part 1: Dealing with traffic jams in London...............................................................................2
Part 2: National Packaging Waste Database..............................................................................5
Part 3: Analysis of paper............................................................................................................6
Part 4: Report of contribution....................................................................................................7
References..................................................................................................................................9

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Part 1: Dealing with traffic jams in London
There are various issues in the traffic control system in London, as signals can be
synchronized using artificial intelligence, which is a suitable way to manage the traffic of a
system as well. In addition, there are many technologies in the market to manage traffic jams
in London. It can be a complex process to manage traffic in London, as rules and regulations
should be followed in a proper manner (Chandler, 2019). In addition, various methods for
project management can be used for managing all the things in better ways. Most of the
government and private firms have used this approach to manage their project (Bednenko,
2019).
In addition, waterfall model is the best model for managing large scale project. It provides
better outcomes as compared to other software models. Thus, waterfall model can be used for
improving the results including AI and Machine learning as well.
Source: (Wysocki, 2014)
Waterfall model has used for handling large scale project, such as traffic control system.
Therefore, it can manage all the requirements of the whole project in well manner. It will
improve the efficiency of the system as well.
Most of the systems have based on the traditional approaches that got failed because of many
issues, thus it is necessary to identify requirements of the system for managing all the things

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in a better way. Traffic jam is a common issue in front of most of the cities. Thus, it can be
resolved using monitoring and knowledge sharing (LEIS, 2019).
Source: (Darwin, 2016)
Besides, an AI-based system will use for long traffic jams. It is the best way to count some
vehicles and their other information. It will be used for diverting traffic before jam as well.
Besides, that is the first degree of turning an abstract concept right into a meaningful
intention. in this level, it is necessary to develop a commercial enterprise case and define the
project on a broad level. intending to do that, you need to determine the need for the
assignment and create a task constitution. Besides, most of the processes can be managed
using advance security systems (Braglia & Frosolini, 2014).
Project management is a vital report such as information just like the mission desires,
constraints, appointment of the undertaking manager, budget, expected timeline, and many
others (Intelligent Transport, 2019). In addition, basic processes can be modified using
emerging technologies, such as Internet of Things (IoT), and natural language processing
(NLP) (Burger, 2015).

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Thus, once it has got the challenge desires and scope, pick out key stakeholders–the those
who are to be involved inside the task. Create a stakeholder sign up with the roles,
designation, communique requirements, and have an impact on. Whilst a clear intention of
the mission is set up in this phase, a mission constitution does no longer contain any technical
info that appears inside the strategy planning stage. Therefore, the security of a system can be
managed using cybersecurity tools and techniques (Caniëls & Bakens, 2012). Moreover, the
budget is a huge issue in front of the private agencies. Thus, it is necessary to adopt
technologies for managing all the things (Conforto & Amaral, 2016).
Moreover, in this segment, the primary obligations are figuring out technical necessities,
developing an in-depth undertaking schedule, growing a verbal exchange plan, and putting in
desires/deliverables (Duffy, 2019).
In addition, there are many good things in the PMI approach to project management.
However, agile methodologies have used for managing such types of IT projects. Besides, it
can be a better way to manage all the things in a better way (Karaman & Kurt, 2015).
Furthermore, there are various things to manage in the project, which should be proper
according to the issues. The cloud-based systems will be more beneficial for London, as there
is the number of signals and traffic jams issues. Thus, a centralized system should be a better
option in front of the government (Kerzner, 2017).
Project management is a good way to improve the accuracy of the system as well (The
practice of project management, 2013). Hertz was not capable of planning for their project, as
the company has not provided a full plan for their requirements. The company has created a
roadmap without any expert on the development team. There are various technical issues
with the project of Accenture, as they have monitored requirements based on the basic
concepts (Mafimisebi, 2016).
Hertz has concerned about its website and business, which has disturbed because of
Accenture. However, Accenture has changed team members and other things, but it is not
suitable for the company. In addition, Hertz has loosed its business because of the late
delivery of the project in a bad condition and a high budget. Thus, the company has claimed
for $32 million. It is the worst thing to improve the rate of success of a project. Finally, Hertz
should adopt agile methodologies for project management to know about the basic loopholes
in the project. Besides, most of the project has failed because of change management and lack
of monitoring (Malas, 2019).

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Traffic control can be managed using sensors and information, which is the best way to
manage all the things. It will avoid traffics according to their data analysis as well as other
factors. Agile methodology must provide better outcomes for this project (Marchewka, 2014).
Finally, waterfall has used for manging such types of projects as well. It is the best approach
to find better outcomes.
Part 2: National Packaging Waste Database
There are many different types of project approaches that can be applied to managing this
project. However, it is necessary to manage using The National Packaging Waste Database
(NPWD) system. It is necessary to identify issues and challenges in the system that can be
solved using a software-based approach. Sustainable development is necessary for managing
all the processes. Most of the processes can be optimized using an advance project
management approach (Moses, 2019).
In addition, waste management is helpful for the government in the climate change issue.
Thus, it should be properly working according to the requirement of the system. Based on the
knowledge, time was short (Müller, 2010). Thus, an agile software management approach can
be used for this approach, which is faster than others in which stakeholders are connected
with developers as well. Moreover, all the requirements should be clear in front of the
designer and developer as well. Thus, it will improve the progress of system development
(Patterson & Neailey, 2002).
Time management is necessary for this field as most of the projects got failed because of time
issues. Thus, the agile methodology must be used for managing this project especially scrum
can be used for managing such types of issues as well (Raymond & Bergeron, 2008).
The budget is another reason for project failure. Thus, it should be decided in the first stage
of the project about all other processes. It will reduce the chances of failure as well. Besides,
the budget can be minimized using reducing another cost of the project as well (Rongala,
2015).
Furthermore, this approach will complete the project within the given deadline and proper
budget as well. Thus, it is necessary to improve the basic processes of a system to improve
data management (SANTOS, 2019).

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Most of the projects have considered the time and budget based on the requirements.
However, there are many changes in the systems that has increased time and ccost of the
project as well. Thus, costing is necessary processes in a project as well.
Furthermore, waste management systems can be more modified using AI-based systems as
well as other emerging technologies, such as Augmented reality and Virtual reality. It will
provide help in the identification as well. It will reduce time and cost of various things from
whole processes as well (Chandler, 2019).
Part 3: Analysis of paper
Nelson, R.R. (2007). “IT project management: Infamous failures, classic mistakes, and best
practices”, MIS Quarterly Executive, Vol. 6 No. 2, 67-78
According to Nelson (2007), project management is a huge process in which many factors
have created issues and challenges in front of a project manager. Those factors can affect the
success of the project as well. Thus, best practices should be used to avoiding project failure.
Project management can be used for managing various things to manage all the processes as
well. There many reasons for project failure, which can be managed using basic processes
and methodologies. There are various examples in the world of project failure, which are
failed because of scope-creep and over budget issues. Moreover, time management another
issue in front of the organization (Taylor, 2018).
There will a disaster in case of a large-scale projects, as a higher value has invested in that
project as well. The author has explained about the various reasons for project failure and its
impact on the project and company (Watson, 2019).
Moreover, the article has based on the mistakes in the project management and their solutions
as well. Besides, the author has discussed about the best practices to resolve such issues that
can be a reason of project failure as well.
Furthermore, most of the project got failed because of various issues and challenges.
In recent years, IT undertaking failures have acquired a splendid deal of interest within
the press as well as the boardroom. In an attempt to keep away from disasters going forward,
many businesses at the moment are studying from the past by conducting retrospectives that
is, project submit-implementation opinions. while each person retrospective tells a
unique story and contributes to organizational learning, even more perception may

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be gained through examining multiple retrospectives throughout a spread of businesses over
time (Wysocki, 2014).
The paper has discussed about the internal concept of project management in the field of IT.
IT project management is a huge challenge in front of the system. However, there are many
firms, which have provided solutions for project management (Wysocki, 2014).
In addition, there are many benefits of project management methodologies that can save time
and cost of the clients and companies. It will be better for both of them. Moreover, the budget
should be properly measured using different requirements and resources.
Most of the things can be used for managing all the functions in a good manner. Besides,
there are some issues and challenges in financial conditions. Most of the companies have
risen budget issues as they do not have high revenue for such types of services (Wysocki,
2011).
Part 4: Report of contribution
I learned about project management and its different phases. It is necessary to learn about the
project management, which is a good way to manage all the things in project management. I
learned that time management is necessary for the success of a project. According to many
surveys, the project has got failed because of a lack of time management. Besides, time can
be a reason for the failure of a large project. Thus, the Gantt chart can be used for managing
all the processes as well.
Most of the projects got failed because of scope-creep. Therefore, it should be clear in front
of the stakeholder to know about the scope of the project as well. Besides teamwork is a basic
need for a project as well. Most of the projects can be failed because of change management
that is another issue in front of the systems.
I learned that project management should be based on the methodologies, such as PMI,
PMBOK, Agile, and many others. COBIT can be used for project management. ITIL can be
used for managing the resources of a company as well.
I learned that agile methodologies have provided better results in comparison to traditional
approaches, such as waterfall and others. Besides, I learned that the work breakdown
structure can be used for managing different parts of a project as well.

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The project can be managed using proper stages of a methodology, such as initiation,
planning, execution, monitoring, controlling, and closure. In this way, the rate of success will
be high. I will use this approach in project management in the future.
I learned that the budget should be properly managed based on the various factors, as the
budget has increased because of many processes. Thus, it should be considered all the
requirements of a client in the initial stage as well.
Most of the things are based on the methodology of Project management. Thus, it should be
properly based on the requirements of a system as well. Many projects have faced issues from
stakeholders’ sides, which is another issue for a project as well.
I learned about the basic designing and managing IT projects that are beneficial for my
professional career. In addition, personal knowledge has developed using this discussion as
well. Moreover, project management will be easier with the leadership and knowledge about
the various things including scope, vision, and missions.
In the case of this discussion, I learned about the self-analysis about different types of things
that are important for a project as well. Most of the project has succeeded because of their
project management methodologies.

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References
Bednenko, O., 2019. Top 5 Project Management Software. [Online]
Available at: https://www.bitrix24.com/articles/top-5-project-management-software.php
[Accessed 26 January 2020].
Braglia, M. & Frosolini, M., 2014. An integrated approach to implement project management
information systems within the extended enterprise. International Journal of Project
Management, 32(1), pp. 18-29.
Burger, R., 2015. What’s the Difference Between Project Management Software and Task
Management Software?. [Online]
Available at: https://blog.capterra.com/whats-the-difference-between-project-management-
software-and-task-management-software/
[Accessed 26 January 2020].
Caniëls, M. C. & Bakens, R. J., 2012. The effects of Project Management Information
Systems on decision making in a multi project environment. International journal of project
management, 30(2), pp. 162-175.
Chandler, S., 2019. U.K. Government Plans To Reduce Traffic By Opening Up Data To AI
Firms. [Online]
Available at: https://www.forbes.com/sites/simonchandler/2019/08/28/uk-government-plans-
to-reduce-traffic-by-opening-up-data-to-ai-firms/#5238dccd54e7
[Accessed 2 April 2020].
Conforto, E. C. & Amaral, D. C., 2016. Agile project management and stage-gate model—A
hybrid framework for technology-based companies. Journal of Engineering and Technology
Management, pp. 1-14.
Duffy, J., 2019. The Best Project Management Software for 2020. [Online]
Available at: https://in.pcmag.com/software/36069/the-best-project-management-software
[Accessed 26 January 2020].
Intelligent Transport, 2019. How will AI technology be used to reduce congestion in
London?. [Online]
Available at: https://www.intelligenttransport.com/transport-news/86830/how-will-ai-

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technology-be-used-to-reduce-congestion-in-london/
[Accessed 2 April 2020].
Karaman, E. & Kurt, M., 2015. Comparison of project management methodologies: prince 2
versus PMBOK for it projects. International Journal of Applied Science and Engineering
Research, 4(4), pp. 572-579.
Kerzner, H., 2017. Project management: a systems approach to planning, scheduling, and
controlling. 1st ed. London: John Wiley & Sons.
LEIS, M., 2019. 42 Best Project Management Software and Tools (2019 Update). [Online]
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[Accessed 26 January 2020].
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Nigeria. s.l.:s.n.
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Raymond, . L. & Bergeron, F., 2008. Project management information systems: An empirical
study of their impact on project managers and project success.. International Journal of
Project Management, 26(2), pp. 213-220.

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Rongala, A., 2015. Top 5 Factors that Lead to Project Success. [Online]
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success/
[Accessed 15 February 2020].
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