Analysis of IT Role, Ethical Issues, and Networking in Business

This report delves into the multifaceted role of Information Technology (IT) in the context of business operations, focusing on the success and failure of businesses, ethical and social issues, and various networking technologies. The report uses Tesco as a case study to illustrate these concepts. It explores the importance of IT in enhancing communication, improving security, and driving innovation. Furthermore, it addresses ethical concerns such as piracy and privacy, and highlights the significance of personal data protection. The report also identifies and differentiates between various networking technologies like Personal Area Networks (PAN), Local Area Networks (LAN), and Wireless Local Area Networks (WLAN). It emphasizes the importance of Intranet and Internet for business operations, especially for internal communication and data transfer. Finally, it outlines the different stages of the System Development Life Cycle (SDLC), emphasizing its role in efficient project management. The report underscores the critical impact of IT on modern business, providing insights into its applications, challenges, and implications for organizations like Tesco.

Introduction to
Information
Technology

Table of Contents
Table of Contents.............................................................................................................................2
INTRODUCTION...........................................................................................................................3
TASKS.............................................................................................................................................3
Discuss the role of IT in the success or failure of a business......................................................3
Find ethical and social issues that pertain to running businesses................................................4
Identify and differentiate between different types of networking technologies..........................5
Discuss the importance of Intranet and Internet in your business...............................................6
List and explain the different stage of system development life cycle........................................7
CONCLUSION................................................................................................................................8
REFERENCES................................................................................................................................9

INTRODUCTION
Information technology is a commonly known as it which is a study and usage of numerous
systems of telecommunication and mostly computers for sorting, reverting and sending messages
or information from one area to another and from one system to another (Benckendorff, Xiang
and Sheldon, 2019). Information technology is an application which is made up of the mixture of
several technologies that are used by businesses and individuals for their unique purposes but in
organisational context information technology is most commonly used for communication and
problem solving on a large scale. Information technology is made up of stages and of different
layers of physical equipment’s, hardware, visualisation and management of automation tools,
operating systems and software. The report is developed on Tesco; company was founded in
1919 by Jack Cohen and headquartered in England, UK. Tesco is the largest supermarket of
United Kingdom and considered as the third largest in the world invest in a huge amount of
money in information technologies. The present report acknowledges the role of IT in success
and failure of any business, focuses over ethical and social issues that are related with
information technology and its utilisation for the company. Numerous network technologies are
also identified and described. And at the end different stages of development life cycle are also
evaluated.
TASKS
Discuss the role of IT in the success or failure of a business
Information technology is a tool or an instrument that derives the businesses and separate
processes in it towards innovation which leads the company’s path in the direction of success in
growth. Information technology brought a huge revolution in the business sector bringing
innovation and several other potentials towards the entities. Information technology plays the
most vital role in in genetically changing the lives of individuals and functioning of businesses
playing a major part in business success (Reuter, 2019). The alignment and integration of
Information technology and innovation in business directly leads it towards positive results and
differentiation in terms of productivity and value enhancement of the business. New emerging
technologies that are taking place in the market and proven to be the best and called as the future
of the business and business activities. Tesco is an organisation that is holding its operations in
numerous locations around the world and dealing in the most competitive market places present

on the globe. The company is prominently making investment in information technology and
developing there Omni channel for marketing and other communication purposes which the
customers and with external parties (Otrel-Cass, 2019). Information technologies has a major
part in success of Tesco which leads the company towards investing more in advanced
technologies that are regularly developing and existing in the market. Information technology
and its role in the business is very prominent and significant assisting the entity in becoming
more productive, improvise in their performance standards and attain a competitive edge.
Therefore the rule of information technology in success of Tesco which are prominent to the
business are as follows:
 Better communication flow is the first and the foremost benefit which is provided buy
information technology to Tesco. With the help of IT technologies there are numerous
platforms which are used by the organisation in forcing appropriate software’s which are
making the communication easy and better. Emails, video chat, intranet and internet are
used platforms which are used by Tesco to conduct to formal and informal
communication (Lloyd, 2020).
 Improved security is the second impact of Information technology on Tesco playing a
vital role in keeping the organisation and the sensitive information of the company safe
and secured. Internet enabled systems that are secured entry systems wireless cameras
and other software and hardware devices improve the security systems of Tesco reducing
the risk of any trust and fraudulent activity to be conducted in the business setting. At the
present scenario information is considered as the most sensitive asset of every business
which is even traded in black market and information technology provided an opportunity
to Tesco for keeping their sensitive information says from malware practices and
unethical users.
Find ethical and social issues that pertain to running businesses
Information technology is becoming common and spreading widely in separate areas of the
world it has its presence in educational sector, health care industry, banking region, research and
development and scientific activities as well. With increasing usage and dependency of
businesses and industries on information technology the security is becoming more concern issue
(Bruss and Leuchs, 2019). It is important that everyone who is the appropriate knowledge about
ethical and social issues that are pertaining in context of Information technology while running

business. The organisation as largest Tesco which is progressively moving towards the
information technology era and bringing innovation in their operations by utilising separate tools
provided by IT, it is a concerning area for the entity (Kwilinski, 2019). It is important that Tesco
appropriate knowledge and understand the different ethical and social issues associated with the
information technology which can be harmful for the business leaving the organisation towards
failure. Few ethical issues that are associated with information technologies are elaborated under
these in context of Tesco.
 Piracy is the primary ethical issue that is concerned and related with information
technology. The act of piracy is basically creation of illegal and unauthorised copies of
any software or any data that belongs to the authentic user and developer. The innovator
and the developer of the software that is the owner of it has the controlling rights of the
software and the information and without their permission and acknowledgement it is not
ethical to develop the similar software’s for information (Aasheim, Li and Williams,
2019). Piracy is one of the largest and the significant ethical issue that is concerned with
information technology. According to legal laws and legislative practices there are
numerous regulations which are developed in relation with piracy for removing it entirely
from the market and stopping the unauthorised users to conduct duplication activities. On
the other hand the software industries also developing and creating typical ways to
encounter against the piracy issue as it is a very strong social and ethical problem that is
concerned in relation with information technology systems.
 Privacy and personal data protection is another aspect which is concerned with ethical
problems that are related with information technology and its usage. Information
technology provides several facilities and advantages to businesses and the uses allowing
them to have their own customise hardware, software and other operating systems. these
tools which are provided by Information technology can also be used in negative manner
by the unfair practitioner breach the privacy of the company and to steal their personal
data. Therefore privacy and personal data protection is a very prominent social and
ethical issues that is connected by information technology and which is needed to be
considered by Tesco while engaging and utilising the advanced technologies.

Identify and differentiate between different types of networking technologies
Network technologies are the tools which helps in connecting two or more systems together
enables them to effectively conduct there communication through transferring required data and
information from one system to another. Network technologies are simple as a connection
between two pieces or more easily developed and help in conducting effective communication
(Rachman, Purwanto and Nugroho, 2019). On the other hand it can be really complex to
understand and utilise efficiency. According to several experts network technologies are different
from one another which are useful in several aspects from very small tasks to a complex one. It
is referring to small handful devices which are present in single small rooms and also millions of
devices which are divided and spread over of the world holding different sizes and structure.
There are several network technologies which are useful for Tesco and can you bring most
potential results towards the organisation. These network technologies are defined under.
 Personal area network (PAN) is one of the smallest and the most basic type of network
technology that is available to organisations. The personal area network is made up of
wireless modem, a computer or two, phones, tablets, printers etc. There are several
problems which are solved by personal area network which is revolves around a single
person in the whole building. This type of network technologies is often found in small
entrepreneurial offices and businesses which are mostly managed by a single individual
(Asongu, Anyanwu and Tchamyou, 2019).
 Local area network (LAN) is one Network technology which is most commonly used
buy businesses at the small or big on a very frequent scale. Local area network is the
most original and the simplest form of Network technology that exist in the market and in
the information technology industry. The local area network connects numerous
computers and network systems together within a smallest area of a building or even
though is closer to each other. The local area network is very useful in sharing
information and sensitive data from one system to another and organisations like Tesco
typically manage it through routers.
 Wireless local area network (WLAN) commonly functions as local area network but it
is different because of one feature that it is wireless network technology. The Wi-Fi is the
best example of wireless local area network. These are the same as local area networks
but their application is different due to its wireless feature and nature. The differentiation

feature is that wireless local area network does not require any device to connect on any
physical cable in order to be connected with the network they are operated wirelessly.
Discuss the importance of Intranet and Internet in your business
Intranet is a private network which is utilised by Enterprises result according to the needs of
company supporting the employee communication and collaboration along with their
performances and job roles (Stover, 2019). Intranet holds several purposes serving two different
objectives but on the core level it is beneficial for employees and Organisation allowing them to
incorporate appropriate communication and interaction with one another. it is a private
communication network which is only accessed and authorised two doors users who are giving
permission to use it. Most commonly intranet is used by Tesco for conducting internal
communication amongst the staff members and to hold an appropriate communication flow
within the business entity.
Internet is a network technology which is most commonly known as “NET” and it is a
worldwide system connecting different devices and computers and other data networks at any
time from anywhere in the world if the permission is granted. Internet is also a communication
tool which is used by businesses and in this case by Tesco. Internet includes high bandwidth data
lines which are defined and referred as backbone of internet. Internet provides several different
services which are online and one of the easiest form of sending and receiving messages or any
other customised platform of the company. Internet is one of the most important part of day to
day lives of individuals and even for the businesses like Tesco (Richesson, Andrews and Hollis,
2019).
The company make use of internet and intranet both for communication purposes and also for
transferring the sensitive data in the most secured manner from one place to another and from
one individual to another without wasting any extra money or time or any other resources.
List and explain the different stage of system development life cycle.
System development life cycle plays a crucial role incorporating numerous steps and when
followed properly guarantees a descendant comprehension off the job that is needed to be
performed without any blunders or mistakes. System development life cycle is ideal framework
which allows the business to make the advancement in their technologies by adopting
appropriate steps without any fundamental problems and being overpowered along with
delivering the high quality of programming. The different stages of this program are as follows:

 Planning is the beginning stage where the system is designed. it is the major step as in
the very beginning it is important that all the things are properly arranged and chosen
according to the scenario and the framework.
 System analysis and requirement is the next stage which is related to investigation. At
this stage the developer will dissect the exhibition of the products at different stages and
make prior notice to further necessities.
 System design is the third stage which is moderately straight forward in contrast with the
different phases of system development life cycle model. on this stage a diagram is
developed of the product that is needed and incorporates a structure of the application,
organised, database, UI’s and framework interfaces.
 Development is the next phase where the genuine undertaking of productive being build
up is begin with this progression. At this stage the construction of the data framework is
initiated where equipment’s are introduced and programming is started with coding and
afterword stacked on a testing stage (Basheer and et. al., 2019).
 Integrating and testing stages where the quality experts and professionals will leave the
testing procedures ensuring that the new data framework is appropriately working and
can be integrated with the current frameworks.
 Implementation is the second last fees of the system development life cycle where the
product is finally developed and it is the step when it is put into utilisation. Sure at this
stage the individual have to execute the structure into source code through coding along
the respective lines which is a time taking process and considered as the most time
consuming stage of the system development life cycle.
 Operation and Management is the last stage experiencing and upkeep procedure where
the product will be kept up and overhauled occasionally for becoming assimilated to the
change. This stage is absolutely dependent upon the input that is received by the
individuals from the client and incorporates different ways to take care and eliminate the
respective errors along with resolving numerous issues which are existing in the
framework considerable after the testing phase (Markova and et. al., 2019).
CONCLUSION
The above report acknowledges the separate aspects of information technology summarises that
it is one of the essential tool nowadays that is used by organisations and people in separate

manners and for solving several problems in the business. Information technology and
appropriate and significant impact in success and failure of the organisation and their day to day
activities. Businesses are using information technology for conducting numerous activities such
as selling, purchasing, marketing, operating etc. internet and intranet are the two important
network technologies playing vital role in effective communication and transportation of
information from one source to another in entity from every corner of the world by just few
clicks. There are several ethical and social issues that are associated with information technology
and for which entity needs to develop appropriate amends and processes.

REFERENCES
Books and Journals
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Basheer, M., Siam, M., Awn, A. and Hassan, S., 2019. Exploring the role of TQM and supply
chain practices for firm supply performance in the presence of information technology
capabilities and supply chain technology adoption: A case of textile firms in
Pakistan. Uncertain Supply Chain Management. 7(2). pp.275-288.
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Bruss, D. and Leuchs, G. eds., 2019. Quantum Information: From Foundations to Quantum
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Kwilinski, A., 2019. Mechanism for assessing the competitiveness of an industrial enterprise in
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Richesson, R. L., Andrews, J. E. and Hollis, K. F., 2019. Introduction to clinical research
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Stover, W. J., 2019. Information technology in the third world: Can IT lead to humane national
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