NIT2201: IT Ethics and Security Issues in Big Data Report

This report presents an analysis of IT ethics and security issues in the context of big data, drawing upon an interview with a Big Data Analyst. The report delves into the arising security concerns, including vulnerabilities related to fake data and the importance of protecting transaction logs. It explores ethical dilemmas such as data integration in project planning and the need for accuracy and transparency. The report also covers project management aspects, including accuracy measurement, team communication, and the benefits of big data implementation. Furthermore, it offers advice for freshers entering the big data industry, emphasizing the importance of analytical skills and practical knowledge. The report concludes by summarizing the key findings and highlighting the significance of addressing security and ethical considerations in big data projects.

IT ETHICS AND SECURITY ISSUE

INTRODUCTION
Present scenario is facing a tremendous increase in data and information which is just
getting double in coming years. This enormous amount of data is known as 'Big Data'. It is the
vast form of data which is needed to be handled efficiently in order to provide various benefits
which might be desirable to every employee. Big data has a wide scope as it includes
information which has no limit and provides unlimited access for gaining knowledge as
compared to normal data. However, with bigger aspect, there are issues apart from benefits
which must be effectively handled by IT professionals (Armstrong and Botzler, 2016).
Therefore, the following report consists of certain questions which have been asked to a Big Data
Analyst who has an experience of 6 years in handling big data department in Scale Focus and has
successfully managed issues such as security challenges, ethical dilemma and managing various
technical projects effectively and efficiently.
Set of Interview Questions
11 Why security issues are arising in Big Data and what are the main issues which can be
most vulnerable for organisation?11 Why is it necessary to protect transactions log and related data?11 What type of ethical issues does a big data Industry can face and how they can be tackled
effectively?11 How one can measure the aspect of accuracy in the project management?11 Have you ever failed in managing any project effectively, what were the reasons and
learning you got from that experience?11 Theoretically there are many benefits related to it but could you enlighten the advantage
of using Big Data in real scenario?11 What advice would you give to freshers who are entering in the big data Industry?
These were the questions which were asked to analyst in Big Data who has completely
acknowledged by providing great answers to the questions which were asked and that has
provided a complete guidance who is interested to opt big data industry as a career to start with.
According to the fact, the current scenario is facing an enormous increase in data which
requires specialist to handle it effectively (Armstrong and Botzler, 2016). Handling of vast
information is very important as there is a wider scope for using it for many purposes but along
with an increase in amount, there is a need for quenching out relatable data from others which

has been the ultimate goal in order to make project time and cost effective with optimal use of
resources which increases the efficiency and effectiveness of project in various ways.
The first question which was asked was about why security issues arises in Big data and what
were the main problems mostly faced by them and answer was that it is not considered as a new
concept and has gained popularity that has been adopted by smaller as well as medium sized
companies as it provides reduction in cost and easy management of data.
Cloud based storage is facilitating various processes such as data collection and mining.
The concept of storing data in a cloud is considered as the most vulnerable to security issues as
with an increase in unethical hacking of data can be accessed by any unauthenticated user and
can stole the confidentiality aspect that can lead to create serious problems which can harm any
company. It is considered as the most vulnerable factor for big data industry (Runciman, Merry
and Walton, 2017).
The two major problems which the current scenario is facing in big data is Vulnerability
caused due to generation of fake data. Many unwanted people like cyber criminals perform
various misleading activities such as fabrication of data and pour that in the cloud of particular
firm; even they can penetrate in the system and make sensors to show fake results for particular
searchers which leads to misguide the analyst and provide them fake information that can alter
the path of any project leading to many harms and conflicts and affecting the position of a
company in the market.
The second question was why it is necessary to protect transactions log and related data
and the answer which was provided was as it always required a storage medium which is known
as transaction logs and has various sensitive information and is stored at various levels in that log
with an increase in data. There is a requirement of shifting those data to other levels that requires
measuring its scalability and availability aspect which gets compromised. The method which is
used for storage called auto tie-ring method which does not keep a track on storage location of
data. Therefore it is very necessary to protect transactional logs in order to map the location of
various data that has been stored (Thompson, 2018).
The third question which was asked what type of ethical issues does a big data Industry
can face and how they can be tackled effectively. Every field has certain ethical dilemmas which
are necessary to overcome. The first factor which can arise is the integration of big data in
strategic planning of the project. It is necessary to identify the purpose and critical issues which

are associated with using particular data and how can it benefit the client in any ways. The
information which has been taken must be accurate, trustworthy and reliable and the most
important factor is quality which should the first preference shall be quality and veracity, that is
sometimes been compromised by many analyst thus is very necessary to maintain.
In addition, many companies are not prepares for the risk which are associated with using certain
data that can completely harm them and can lead to create an adverse impact. Due to the lack of
communication gap between various departments, there can be alterations in the usage of
information that can completely change the path for completing any related projects leading to
degrade the quality (Trevino and Nelson, 2016). While buying important data from any third
party, the due diligence procedures must be followed which is not followed by most of the
companies and face many problems from suppliers in the areas of ethical standards and
guaranteeing the accountability & transparency.
The fourth question which was asked, how one can measure the aspect of accuracy in the
project management. To determine the accuracy of any project, there are certain standards which
has to be taken that provides a guidance to carry project in a certain manner. The time and cost
are major important factors which is the ultimate goal of performance while aspects such as
optimum utilisation of all resources required for successful completion of any project. There are
many questions which are needed to be answered such as how one can start it , what should be
the necessary steps from starting to closure, how a high performance team can be build up and
who can be executive sponsors. These are necessary factors which should be answered and
framed in mind and can be related to activities which are needed to be performed in order to
complete any project. One should always follow the concept of plan, do, and check and act
which would surely provide and effective result.
Another question was Have you ever failed in managing any project effectively, what
were the reasons and learning you got from that experience and he replied that there were many
projects that faced management crisis due to certain aspects. As one works in a team and each
person are equally responsible for handling the project, at the cost of someone's mistake the
whole team has to suffer as everyone works in a coordinative manner. It is very necessary to
maintain an effective communication among members which may lead to provide an exchange
of ideas which could lead to control certain projects in impactful manner (Woods and Howard,
2014). It provides a lesson that while working in a team all have to coordinate; a project cannot

be successfully completed from contribution of single member therefore everyone has to
collaborate in an effective manner.
Other question was theoretically there are many benefits related to it but could you
enlighten the advantage of using Big Data in real scenario. It can be agreed on this fact that there
is a great difference between theories and practical implementation this can even be applied on
big data. With this many other aspects as it comes such as vagueness, ambiguity, fake data etc.
But if one has the ability to analyse data then it can provide uncountable benefits such as
effective information which might not been ever touched, the relevancy of a project on any
scenario increases, along with many ways for approaching a certain way can be introduced
which can be more advantageous for any company (Thompson, 2018). Therefore big data has
many aspects which have not been discovered until yet and many researches are still going on
and bringing out facts which one has not imagined.
Lastly it was asked that what advice would you give for the fresher who is entering in the
big data Industry. As an experienced Big Data analyst, one can advice that it is very necessary
for all fresher’s to know about concepts of Big Data as it is a very interesting career but requires
the most power analysing skills because the initial phase of any project starts with collection of
information and if the foundation pillar will not be strong, how one can expect the whole project
to be right. In addition, not only the theoretical concept but also knowledge regarding practical
implementation must be there as it can provide an easy phase of learning. One must learn
HADOOP technology in order to know how to access big data (Runciman, Merry and Walton,
2017). For fresher’s, it is a great progressive and learning career which one can adopt to
experience challenges and find out respective solutions and should always find opportunities for
learning as it is a never ending process.
CONCLUSION
It has been concluded that there are many factors related to big data that has been handled
effectively in order to provide data which is accurate, reliable and trustworthy and can lead to
make the project more impactful in real scenarios. In addition, security issues are the major
concern as it is regarded as most vulnerable to get accessed by unknown person which can
misuse all delicate information leading harm to company in many aspects. It has also been
acknowledged that a fresher must develop skills to analyse big data effectively.

REFERENCES
Books and Journals
Armstrong, S. J. and Botzler, R. G., 2016. General Introduction: Animal Ethics: A Sketch of
How It Developed and Where It Is Now. In The animal ethics reader (pp. 31-42).
Routledge.
Armstrong, S. J. and Botzler, R. G., 2016. Ethics and clinical research. In Ethics and Medical
Decision-Making (pp. 3-9). Routledge.
Runciman, B., Merry, A. and Walton, M., 2017. Safety and ethics in healthcare: a guide to
getting it right. CRC Press.
Thompson, D. F., 2018. The possibility of administrative ethics. In Classics Of Administrative
Ethics (pp. 79-92). Routledge.
Trevino, L. K. and Nelson, K. A., 2016. Managing business ethics: Straight talk about how to do
it right. John Wiley & Sons.
Woods, D. and Howard, E., 2014. An Active Learning Activity for an IT Ethics Course.
Information Systems Education Journal.12(1).p.73.