Information Technology and its Influence on Organisational Behavior

This report explores the impact of information technology (IT) on organizational behavior and the evolving culture within organizations. It reviews existing literature on technology's expansion and its influence on management processes across various organizational types. The study reveals a positive correlation between increased IT usage and enhanced employee performance and organizational productivity. However, it also acknowledges challenges faced by employees lacking proficiency in dealing with technological advancements. The report suggests that organizations should embrace IT tools and operations to improve their competitive advantage and customer service, addressing barriers like cultural gaps and the need for better communication policies regarding technological changes. It emphasizes the significant influence of IT on organizational structure, management, communication, and employee performance, advocating for further research into cultural and structural factors that hinder IT implementation.

Running Head: INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY AND ORGANISATIONAL BEHAVIOUR
INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY AND ORGANISATIONAL
BEHAVIOUR
Students Id:
Name of the University
Authors Note

1INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY AND ORGANISATIONAL BEHAVIOUR
Abstract
The study attempts to evaluate the effects of information technology on the
organisational behaviour and the changing culture of the organisation. Review of the
literature incorporates with the expansion of technology in the different organisation and its
influence on management processes regardless of the nature of the organisation. The findings
of the study revealed that most of the respondent had various IT devices used at their disposal
to enable the employees to perform their duties.
The study also revealed that there is a positive relationship between the growing level
of IT use and the organisational performance of the employee as well as the organisational
productivity. However, the employees faced challenges as some of them lacked the efficiency
to deal with the technological advances. Based on the challenges found in the review the
study suggested that the organisation is required to embrace IT tools and operations to
increase their competitive edge and enhance their service for the customer.

2INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY AND ORGANISATIONAL BEHAVIOUR
Table of Contents
Introduction................................................................................................................................3
Information technology..............................................................................................................3
Organisation Performance..........................................................................................................4
Impact of technology on organisational behaviour....................................................................5
Organisational barriers to the changes in information technology............................................7
Conclusion..................................................................................................................................9
Reference list............................................................................................................................11

3INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY AND ORGANISATIONAL BEHAVIOUR
Introduction
Since the beginning of the early 20th century, the world has been facing a revolution
due to the expansion of technology. However, the global competition is increasing the
volatility of the market while limiting the products and services lifecycle. In order to
encounter these growing challenges, the management authority of the organisation has laid an
increased focus on the role of information technology.
Information technology has emerged from the initial phase of the automatic back
office accounting functions and data producer in the assisting management decisions. These
processes were fixed inside modern complex structures that consist of numerous application
and databases channels. Therefore, in a private business organisation, IT grew consistently.
Based on the role of information technology the literature review is based on the impact that
IT operations has on the business performance and organisational behaviour.
Information technology
Information technology refers to the activities and operation associated with the
computation of technology like networking, hardware, software use of internet and
technological tools used in the organisation. As stated by Tarhini et al. (2015), IT has been
illustrated as the hardware, software, management of database and information related
technologies that are generally used for storing, processing and delivering information.
Tarhini et al. (2015) stated that information technology functions are used to support
the managers of the organisation while helping them to provide direct control over the
business processes and employees. On the contrary, Shaikh and Karjaluoto (2015) stated that
as the managers may oversee the resources of coordination, it might be difficult for the
managers to coordinate with the business functions across various projects. For mitigating

4INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY AND ORGANISATIONAL BEHAVIOUR
these difficulties, IT is one of the major innovation that is frequently adopted by the
organisation.
However, with the growth and change of the organisation, managers and employees
are becoming increasingly dependent on information technology. Mishra et al. (2014) states
that organisations nowadays implement and apply the use of technology for finding the
solution in case of complicated business issues and to enhance management decision-making.
Moreover, it helps in improving productivity and quality of the organisational culture.
Moreover, Binder (2016) asserts that IT is the most powerful weapon that opens up several
effective opportunities for the organisations to accomplish their mission and objective in an
efficient way.
Organisation Performance
Organisations today spends more than 50% of the new investments on IT-related
operations to enhance their operations, product and services. As stated by Ingebrigtsen (2014)
IT has a link between the business model and critical drivers of organisational success.
Supporting this, Duffield and Whitty (2015) stated that several organisation have been
unsuccessful with their IT-related investment due to the IT aligned business.
For instance, Toyota that has highly flourished its competitive edge by creating well-
established business processes and information technology processes that helped them to
promote agility, effectiveness and quality. The systems used by them could respond instantly
to the customers and the changes occurred in the marketplace while operating closely with
the suppliers.
As an effort to supervise the quality, cost and efficiency, the company observed that
there was an opportunity to use information technology in enhancing business performance.
Not only Toyota, these processes of information technology has helped several organisations

5INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY AND ORGANISATIONAL BEHAVIOUR
to increase customer satisfaction by making it easier for the consumers to buy appropriate
products and select options they demanded (Limbu et al. 2014).
Apart from these, the impact of information technology on organisations services and
performance has been investigated by several studies. Most of the studies revealed that IT has
a vital role in enhancing the quality and quantity of information due to its potential adoption
and innovation of processes. However. Different organisation allocated their resources in a
different way that helps to expand their objectives and helps to allocate increased resources
on IT services to perform better than other firms do.
Impact of technology on organisational behaviour
The major objective of this study is to investigate the nature and impact of
technological change on the organisational behaviour. Technological change and
establishment is not an innovative phenomenon rather it is a characteristic of human history.
This study does not emphasise the industrial revolution but it ensures that the growth of
technology has highly influenced the organisation. The fact here is that innovative technology
refers to a specific set of changes that have occurred since the period of the 1970's brought
down by the establishment of microchips within the organisation.
According to DeLone and McLean (2016), there is a link between technology and
organisation that was first demonstrated by Joan Woodward in the year 1960’s. This was
found based on the research that focused on the production of technology who was first to
observe the organisational behaviour from the technological perspective. In this context,
Lebek et al. (2014) found that with the increase of complicated technology, there are number
of management levels and employees that increased.

6INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY AND ORGANISATIONAL BEHAVIOUR
Figure 1: Impact of information technology on employee performance
(Source: Duffield and Whitty 2015)
On the contrary, Maiga et al. (2014) stated that the relationship between individuals
and technology has been identified long ago, but the impact of information technology on
organisational behaviour has become increasingly apparent in the current period. As stated by
Wamba et al. (2017) information technology can be used to broaden the manager’s span of
control. The hierarchical structure of the organisation comprises of social structures that are
usually based on domination and control through programs, and objectives.
Therefore, an organisation that tends to use computer-based information technology
has the capability to eliminate middle management thereby helping them to broaden the span
of control by increasing flow of communication across the various department. Prasanna and
Huggins (2016) argued in this context stating that these may as well make an organisation
more complicated and decentralised in formation. Alongside these complicated issues, it has
been found that 25% of the employees feel more committed after implementing information
technology, 20% of them feels they are motivated to work with increasing levels of flexibility
and opportunity.

7INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY AND ORGANISATIONAL BEHAVIOUR
Figure 2: Impact of information technology on organisational productivity
(Source: Prasanna and Huggins 2016)
However, development of information technology is not just confined to computing
and electronics. From all technological changes that are seen within the organisations,
information technology is the most accepted and richest one in all organisation. Therefore, it
is not possible to cover the entire field of the use. However, present-day use of information
technology falls under two major categories; the first one is technology associated with
manufacturing and technology associated with administration. As a terminology, information
technology is widely used in all types of computer including hardware, software,
telecommunication operation and official requirement.
Organisational barriers to the changes in information technology
The current managers working within the organisation have the responsibility to
introduce and incorporate innovative techniques and skills to manage the employees for
obtaining high proficiency. Moreover, the employees as well need to be supported in bringing
change in the growth of career and working style. Therefore, changes are needed to be made
simple and easy for bringing success amongst everyone.

8INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY AND ORGANISATIONAL BEHAVIOUR
However, Maiga et al. (2014) stated that research in this context reported that there
are several organisational as well as technological factors that restrict the adoption and use of
information technology in an organisation. According to DeLone and McLean (2016), there
is evidence on several aspects like the size of the organisation, resources, management
support and innovation that tend to affect the adoption of technology.
Figure 3: Challenges faced by the organisation while adopting information technology
(Source: DeLone and McLean 2016)
Apart from these issues, the change taking place due to the implementation of
technology within the organisation is not only related to financial challenges but there are
also several political and cultural challenges faced by the organisation. However, most of the
challenges are faced by the organisation due to the insufficiency of financial resource and
incompetent staffs that may as well suppress the growth of technological innovation.
Therefore, it is necessary for the organisational to welcome technology in an
enthusiastic way for building a sustainable organisational culture. Duffield and Whitty,

9INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY AND ORGANISATIONAL BEHAVIOUR
(2015) states that before the society finds a suitable solution to deal with social factors with
greater speed. The concerned authorities of the organisation need to act vigilant and need to
employ changes in their way of working with the growth of information technology. All these
issues can be easily resolved by carrying out regular meeting and interdepartmental
consultation with the employees. Moreover, the management needs to take care of the future
growth of the employees and should provide them with the best facilities such as training and
other courses during their job interval so that they can become compatible with technological
changes.
Conclusion
Therefore, it is evident from the above review of literature that cultural gap is the
major barriers in between IT and organisational performance. However, it is the concerns of
the organisation to manage and introduce communication policy about the upcoming
technological changes taking place within the system. Otherwise, all the system are likely to
be influenced, therefore, concerns are needed to be kept from the initial stage.
Apart from these issues, it is significant from the study that informational technology
has and potential influence on the structure of the complicated organisational operations,
management and operation of the organisations, communication processes and performance
of the employees.
Most of the organisation are characterised by bureaucracy and hierarchical system of
management. Therefore, with the growing complexity within the organisation, it is more
important to adopt efficient technological communication. However, in the conclusion, it has
been identified that the issues have not been researched sufficiently. Therefore, it is necessary
for conducting more in-depth studies for examining the cultural and structural factors that
inhibit the implementation of information technology within a specific context. Research that

10INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY AND ORGANISATIONAL BEHAVIOUR
will be conducted in the future need to evaluate the role of information technology in
changing the structure and behaviour of the organisation.

11INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY AND ORGANISATIONAL BEHAVIOUR
Reference list
Binder, J., 2016. Global project management: communication, collaboration and
management across borders. Abingdon: Routledge.
DeLone, W.H. and McLean, E.R., 2016. Information systems success
measurement. Foundations and Trends® in Information Systems, 2(1), pp.1-116.
Duffield, S. and Whitty, S.J., 2015. Developing systemic lessons learned knowledge model
for organisational learning through projects. International journal of project
management, 33(2), pp.311-324.
Ingebrigtsen, T., Georgiou, A., Clay-Williams, R., Magrabi, F., Hordern, A., Prgomet, M., Li,
J., Westbrook, J. and Braithwaite, J., 2014. The impact of clinical leadership on health
information technology adoption: Systematic review. International journal of medical
informatics, 83(6), pp.393-405.
Lebek, B., Uffen, J., Neumann, M., Hohler, B. and H. Breitner, M., 2014. Information
security awareness and behaviour: a theory-based literature review. Management Research
Review, 37(12), pp.1049-1092.
Limbu, Y.B., Jayachandran, C. and Babin, B.J., 2014. Does information and communication
technology improve job satisfaction? The moderating role of sales technology
orientation. Industrial Marketing Management, 43(7), pp.1236-1245.
Maiga, A.S., Nilsson, A. and Jacobs, F.A., 2014. Assessing the interaction effect of cost
control systems and information technology integration on manufacturing plant financial
performance. The British Accounting Review, 46(1), pp.77-90.
Mishra, D., Akman, I. and Mishra, A., 2014. Theory of reasoned action application for green
information technology acceptance. Computers in human behaviour, 36, pp.29-40.