ITC556 Database Systems Assessment Item 3: Normalization

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ITC556 - DATABASE SYSTEMS
ASSESSMENT ITEM 3 –
NORMALISATION
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Table of Contents
Introduction......................................................................................................................................3
Dependency Diagram......................................................................................................................4
Multivalued Dependency.................................................................................................................5
3NF Structure Dependency..............................................................................................................6
Crow Foot Notation.........................................................................................................................7
Conclusion.......................................................................................................................................8
References........................................................................................................................................9
List of Figures
Figure 1: Dependency......................................................................................................................4
Figure 2: Multivalued diagram........................................................................................................5
Figure 3: One...................................................................................................................................5
Figure 4: Two..................................................................................................................................5
Figure 5: Three................................................................................................................................5
Figure 6: Employees........................................................................................................................7
Figure 7: Professor...........................................................................................................................7
Figure 8: Department.......................................................................................................................7
Figure 9: Professor Information.......................................................................................................8
Figure 10: Crow Foot Notation........................................................................................................9
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Introduction
Normalization is implemented for removing the redundancy in the data sets and providing the
controls over the organizing of the data in the database. The Normalization method also helps to
remove some characters which are not important or undesirable such as insertion, deletion, etc.
The designing of the required database is presented in the following assignment. The assignment
also contains the diagram which is known as Crow Foot Notation diagram with the structure
design of the 3NF and other parts of database. The Database design for the system is important
task to perform in which each relation should be accordingly.
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Dependency Diagram
The Dependency Diagram is used to shows representation of the different tasks with their
dependency on others. The whole workflow for the task included is shown in the graphical form.
These tasks are the task required for completing the given request generated form the source. The
dependency between the activities is shown in the given diagram. The process follows the
sequencing as the next task starts only after the completion of the last task.
Figure 1: Dependency
The given diagram shows the activities included and the dependency among these activities.
These activities are shown using the attributes. The Primary key is selected on the basis of
requirements. The primary keys are EMP_NAME, DEPT_CODE, and PROF_OFFICE. The
diagram depicted the dependency between these attributes with the multi formation.
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Multivalued Dependency
The Multivalued Dependency shows the indirect dependency of two attributes i.e. two attributes
do not have any dependency but they are dependent upon the third attribute. The Multivalued
Dependency requires three attributes at least so the relation between these attributes can be
shown (Chapple, 2019).
Figure 2: Multivalued diagram
The diagram shows the attributes included in the Multivalued Dependency and their dependency
is also depicted. The above diagramshows the attribute having the Multivalued Dependency
which is PROF_OFFICE, COMMITTEE_CODE, JOURNAL_CODE, and ADVISEE among
which PROF_OFFICE is used as primary key.
Single Dependency
Single Dependency shows the dependency of the single-valued attributes with another attribute.
There is direct relation between two attributes.
Figure 3: One
Figure 4: Two
Figure 5: Three
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The above diagram shows the single-valued attribute’s which depended upon the other attributes.
Each relation contains one primary key which shows the uniqueness.
5

3NF Structure Dependency
3NF is a form of normalization which is used for designing database. This normalization form
shows that the given relation is in the 2NF form and there is no other relation present. This form
is used for reducing the duplicity of the data in the given table. Ensuring the integrity is also
performed in this type (Goel, 2019).
3NF is present in some tables which are as follows:
Employees
Figure 6: Employees
The given diagram shows the 3NF relation between two attributes. There is one primary key and
the other is a normal key.
Professor
Figure 7: Professor
The given diagram is of the Professor table which includes two attributes one is primary key and
another is attribute which does not have unique values.
Department
Figure 8: Department
The above diagram shows the two attributes for the department table and shows the relation
between them.
Professor Information
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Figure 9: Professor Information
The professor table shows the information related to the professor and there are four attributes
shown in which one is the primary key and others are normal attributes.
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Crow Foot Notation
Figure 10: Crow Foot Notation
The above diagram is based on the tables and the relation between them. The Crow Foot
Notation is used to show the relationship between different entities. The Complete system is
shown in the diagram with the relationship between them (Dybka, 2016).
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Conclusion
The report shows the database structure for the given system with the use of normalization. The
3NF normalization form is also shown in the assignment with the different tables having this
form. Different tables and relationships between these tables are also shown in the assignment.
The Cross-Foot Notation diagram is represented with the attributes included in the complete
system structure. There are many entities and relations between these entities are depicted in the
assignment which is helpful to understand the process of normalization. The different primary
keys and other attributes are also shown in the assignment.
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References
Chapple, M. (2019). Avoid Multivalued Dependencies by Breaking Data Into Multiple Tables.
Retrieved 12 September 2019, from https://www.lifewire.com/multivalued-dependency-1019755
Goel, A. (2019). DBMS Normalization: 1NF, 2NF, 3NF and BCNF with Examples. Retrieved 12
September 2019, from https://hackr.io/blog/dbms-normalization
Dybka, P. (2016). Crow’s Foot Notation. Retrieved 12 September 2019, from
https://www.vertabelo.com/blog/crow-s-foot-notation/
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