ITECH7410 Software Engineering: State Transition Diagram of Oral-B

This report provides a comprehensive analysis of the Oral-B Braun 5000 electric toothbrush, focusing on its functionality and interaction with the SmartGuide. It includes a state transition diagram developed using MATLAB R2017a, illustrating the toothbrush's various states and transitions based on user actions and system events. The report details the software methodologies employed, including state chart principles and system state testing procedures. It covers different modes of operation, such as daily clean, deep clean, sensitive, whitening, gum care, and tongue cleaning, and how these modes are represented in the state transition diagrams for both the toothbrush and the SmartScreen application. The analysis also incorporates quality assurance measures to verify user requirements and validate design decisions, ultimately providing insights into the system's behavior and potential future dental health tracking applications.

FEDERATION UNIVERSITY OF AUSTRALIA
ITECH 7410
SOFTWARE ENGINEERING METHODOLOGIES
TITLE:
ORAL-B BRAUN 5000 ELECTRIC TOOTHBRUSH
STUDENT NAME
STUDENT ID
DATE OF SUBMISSION

TABLE OF CONTENTS
OVERVIEW................................................................................................................................................1
REPORT OBJECTIVES.............................................................................................................................1
ORAL-B BRAUN 5000 ELECTRIC TOOTHBRUSH...............................................................................1
ORAL-B BRAUN 5000 SMARTGUIDE....................................................................................................3
SOFTWARE METHODOLOGIES TECHNIQUES...................................................................................4
STATE TRANSITION DIAGRAM: TOOTHBRUSH...............................................................................6
STATE TRANSITION DIAGRAM: SMARTSCREEN.............................................................................6
SOFTWARE CHOICE: MATLAB R2017a................................................................................................7
SYSTEM STATE TESTING......................................................................................................................8
CONCLUSION...........................................................................................................................................8
REFERENCES............................................................................................................................................8

OVERVIEW
The Oral B Braun 5000 SmartScreen Toothbrush is recommended for use by persons above the
age of 3 years. It is recommended for use by persons who have reduced physical, sensory, and
mental abilities. The user may not have the necessary experience or knowledge and as such may
require to have been given supervision or instruction concerning the use of the appliance in a
safe way. The user guide is keen to mention all the hazards involved to ensure maximum safety
of the users. This Toothbrush has an extended feature beyond the electric brushing; it can
connect to one’s smartphone. The connection to the phone requires communication via an
application. It is recommended that the user deactivates the radio transmission after turning off
the toothbrush. Turning off the Toothbrush is done by pressing the on/off button for a period of 3
seconds. The process of turning off the toothbrush causes the three indicator lights to flash
simultaneously.
REPORT OBJECTIVES
 To critically analyze and use complex decision making to research and determine the
appropriate software engineering tools and methodologies to use in the case study.
 To critically analyze and develop artefacts to define processes for quality assurance, risk
management and communication in large software development projects.
 To implement quality assurance activities in order to verify user requirements and
validate design decisions.
 To develop a state transition diagram including both the toothbrush and the SmartScreen.
ORAL-B BRAUN 5000 ELECTRIC TOOTHBRUSH
The toothbrush has a battery unit or charging unit which stores the power for use. It has a
SmartScreen which allows the toothbrush to connect to the phone App. The smartphone App can
run on iOS or Android Operating Systems. The App guides one through the entire Bluetooth
pairing procedure. The radio connectivity is limited to Bluetooth wireless technology. The
toothbrush is operated by turning it ON at the power mode selection point. The moment the

toothbrush is turned ON it connects to the application on the Smartphone and starts sharing
information. The toothbrush is comprised of:
 Power Mode selection (On/Off)
 Pressure Sensor light
 Charge Indicator light
 Low charge indicator light
 Charging unit which has the basic charger and brush head compartment with
protective cover.
 Smartphone holder depending on the model
 Handle that is fitted with radio communication technology (Bluetooth
Technology)
Charget Type ( 3757 ) , Handle Type ( 3754 )∧220−240V ac , 50−60 Hz∧0.9Watts∧IP 67
The Bluetooth 4.0 wireless technology is employed to enable connection with the iOS or
Android based smartphone. The smartphone needs to be in a close proximity of about 5m
distance. It is recommended to place the connecting smartphone safely in a dry place. The
smartphone holder can hold your smartphone while using. Make sure your phone fits the stand
and keeps stable. A user guide on the operation of the toothbrush is available on the smartphone
app.

ORAL-B BRAUN 5000 SMARTGUIDE
The smart guide instructs on the usage of the toothbrush as well as the different parts.
The smart guide provides an environmental notice. The product contains batteries and/or
recyclable electric waste. For environment protection one must not dispose in the household
waste, but for recycling one needs to take it to the electric waste collection point in the Country

SOFTWARE METHODOLOGIES TECHNIQUES
State charts are used to model the behavior of autonomous and reactive systems. These are
systems that are event driven, they react to internal- timeouts- and external stimuli. A reactive
system is one which must continuously react to the external and internal stimuli. The state chart
is given as,
𝑠𝑡𝑎𝑡𝑒𝑐ℎ𝑎𝑟𝑡=𝑠𝑡𝑎𝑡𝑒−𝑑𝑖𝑎𝑔𝑟𝑎𝑚𝑠+
𝑑𝑒𝑝𝑡 (ℎ 𝑎𝑏𝑠𝑡𝑟𝑎𝑐𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛)+𝑜𝑟𝑡ℎ𝑜𝑔𝑜𝑛𝑎𝑙𝑖𝑡𝑦(𝑐𝑜𝑛𝑐𝑢𝑟𝑟𝑒𝑛𝑐𝑦)+
𝑏𝑟𝑜𝑎𝑑𝑐𝑎𝑠𝑡 𝑐𝑜𝑚𝑚𝑢𝑛𝑖𝑐𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛
The state transition diagram is composed of the states and the transitions. The transitions from
one state to another happen when the event that is labelled on the arc occurs and the conditions
are true. The output of the state transition diagram can be associated with the transition. State
charts extend the system with refinement, clustering and the use of logical controls such as AND,
XOR decomposition of states. The next process seeks to validate the behavior of the state charts.
This seeks to find out if the system works as intended.
Mode of Operation Description
1. Daily clean mode It is the standard default brushing mode,
which is used to daily cleaning the tooth and
mouth.
2. Deep Clean Mode It can extend the brushing time from default
brushing time. In this mode, it will take 45
seconds for each quadrant and totally it takes
3 minutes brushing time, to clean the entire
mouth.
3. Sensitive Mode It helps to clean very sensitive areas of the
mouth. It gives a feel of first-class fresh
mouth.
4. Whitening Mode It polishes the enamel gently, and it is

possible to turn on this mode for either the
daily use or for an occasional purpose.
5. Gum care mode It helps to strengthen the gums by massaging
smoothly.
6. Tongue Cleaning Mode It cleanses the tongue gently, and it is possible
to turn on this mode occasionally or for the
daily use.
STATE TRANSITION DIAGRAM: TOOTHBRUSH
install the Oral-B App
Oral-BΠApp
Start the App
Bluetooth Pairing
close
Oral-B Braun Toothbrush
lift it from the plugged in charger
Turn it On
Connect to the SmartPhone Ap
Screen lists instructions
keep phone in close proximity (5m)
cleaning recommendations
brush the 4 quadrants (30 seconds) each
switch off Toothbrush
rinse brush head after brushing
clean charger with a damp cloth
Do not remove battery Store away the toothbrush

STATE TRANSITION DIAGRAM: SMARTSCREEN
Brush Mode
End Brush
Mode
Oral-BΡ
ToothBrush
Power On
Start Oral-BΡ
Smart App
Display App
Instructions
Brush 4
Quadrants
Store Brushing
Data on App
Finish Brushing
Power Off
Store Away
SOFTWARE CHOICE: MATLAB R2017a

The toothbrush is powered on after being setup. During the setup, the toothbrush is wet
and toothpaste is applied on it. The timer is set to either the professional mode timer or the 2
minutes timer. When the toothbrush is all set up and the brush mode is selected, the toothbrush
can now clean the 4 quadrants within 30 seconds each. If the user applies too much pressure
while brushing, the toothbrush detects the increase pressure and warns the user using a red
indicator light. After completing this, the brushing mode will be changed, the default brushing
mode can be returned back by pressing and holding on the mode button, for some time. Even if
the device is switched off, while brushing, the state of the previous brushing mode is saved. If
the user forgets to resume the mode for more than 30 seconds or briefly pressing the mode
button, it will automatically reset to daily clean mode.

The SmartScreen runs on the smartphone and seeks to provide instructions to the user
while brushing their teeth. The App is started. It synchronizes with the toothbrush when powered
on. It takes some few seconds to start and then it displays the brush modes and other instructions.
After the user finishes brushing the app can be closed.
SYSTEM STATE TESTING
Tests are based around the conditions that could cause the user to err.
 Applying pressure while brushing – indicator turns RED.
 Power is less – indicator turns RED.
 Power is enough – indicator turns GREEN.
 Brushing mode – All the quadrants are covered after 30 seconds of brushing each.
CONCLUSION
In a nutshell, the system performed a black box test design technique in which the test
cases were designed to execute both the valid and invalid states of the transition. There was a
sequence of events that occurred and conditions that apply to those events. When the proper
handling of a particular event/condition situation depends on the events and conditions that have

occurred previously in the set conditions or in the past tests. The smart App records all the data
on every time one brushes their teeth using the Oral-B Braun 5000 toothbrush for future analysis
and trends. The information can be used by Dentists or any other medical personnel to track
dental health.
REFERENCES
Telerik., State Transition Testing: Testing Depending on the Transition History.,
http://svn.telerikacademy.com/svn/qa-academy/2014/Lectures/Day13_Test%20Design
%20Techniques%202/State%20Transition%20Testing.pdf
Oral-B Braun SmartSeries 4000-5000 User Manual., https://www.oralb.com
Microsoft. (2016, April 24). Microsoft Visio 2013. Retrieved from Microsoft Office Products:
https://www.microsoft.com/
Mohammadi, P. M., Afshar, T., Haizamani, S., & Tayebi, M. (2011). Efficacy of an electric
toothbrush on plaque control compared to two manual toothbrushes. International Dental
ournal, 131-135.
Jean-Paul, R., 2004. State transition Diagrams. 2nd ed. s.l.:s.n.
USC., State Charts lecture notes, United States Of America college work
https://www.sunset.usc.edu/classes/cs599_2000/September21b.ppt
John, I., Muthig, D.: Tailoring use cases for product line modeling. In: International Workshop
on Requirement Engineering for Product Line (REPL02), September 2002, pp 26–32.
Mäkinen, E., Systä, T.: MAS – an interactive synthesizer to support behavioural modeling. In:
Proceeding of International Conference on Software Engineering (ICSE 2001) (2001).