Motivational Techniques of Jack: A Case Study Analysis Report

This report examines motivational techniques applicable to Jack Discount Stores, a subsidiary of Tesco, focusing on how to motivate employees in a competitive market. The report begins with an overview of the case study, highlighting Jack's strategy to compete with stores like Lidl and Aldi. It then analyzes two primary motivational theories: Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs and Vroom's Expectancy Theory. For Maslow's theory, the report discusses the psychological, safety, belongingness, esteem, and self-actualization needs of employees, along with the positive and negative impacts of the theory. Regarding Vroom's theory, the report explores expectancy, instrumentality, and valence, and their implications for motivating employees, also covering the positive and negative impacts. The conclusion emphasizes the importance of motivational techniques for enhancing employee productivity and organizational performance, with a recommendation for Vroom's expectancy theory. The report uses references from various books and journals to support its findings.

MOTIVATIONAL
TECHNIQUES OF
JACK

Table of Contents
INTRODUCTION...........................................................................................................................1
MAIN BODY...................................................................................................................................1
Overview of case study...............................................................................................................1
Analyse and examine motivational techniques and mention their benefits and drawbacks for
Jack discount stores.....................................................................................................................1
CONCLUSION................................................................................................................................3
REFERENCES................................................................................................................................4

INTRODUCTION
Motivational theories helps in acknowledging those factors which drives people towards
work and attainment of organisational objectives (Guclu and Guney, 2017). Business firms are
highly interested in motivational theories because if an individual will be more encouraged, their
productivity to perform work will be high. This assignment is based on “Jack” a new discounted
stores of TESCO to give tough competition to Lidl, Aldi. This assignment will cover about
motivational theories along with their merits and demerits.
MAIN BODY
Overview of case study
Jack is a discounted store a subsidiary of TESCO. This store is started to give tough
competition to big stores like Lidl, Aldi etc. Jack Stores will give strong competition to other
stores in terms of pricing and product quality. To operate successfully, management has decided
that Jack stores will have same values and culture as TESCO.
Analyse and examine motivational techniques and mention their benefits and drawbacks for Jack
discount stores
In general, there are various motivational theories which can be adopted by an
organisation so that morale and working capability of their employees can be boost up properly.
But, main theories in this context are Maslow's Hierarchy of needs and Vroom's expectancy
theory. Information about these theories are mentioned below:
Maslow's hierarchy of needs: This is one of the best theory to increase the motivational
level of employees. This is the most earlier theory of motivation which comprises of five
categories. These categories define basic and special needs of employees (Allan and et. al.,
2018). If these needs of employees working in Jack stores will be fulfilled only then they will
deliver their best performance at workplace. Aspects of this theory are discussed below:
 Psychological needs: This involves basic requirements of employees like cloth, food,
water, air etc. If these needs are not fulfilled then it is not possible for workers for Jack
Stores to perform their work comfortably.
 Safety needs: These requirements are related with offering job security and health safety
at workplace so that workers can give their full attention and their productivity to perform
work can enhance accordingly.
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 Belongingness and Love: These needs relates with affection, love, care and attention. If
employees at Jack stores will be given love and belongingness, they will not feel isolated
and their interest in organisational work will be maintained. This care will encourage
them to perform their work more desirably.
 Esteem needs: These are concerned with the appreciation, respect and love which an
employee receives while working in a firm. Fulfilment of these needs will assure that
workforce at Jack stores feels valuable and they consider organisational objectives as
their priority so that they can get expected appreciations (Abyad, 2018).
 Self actualisation: These kind of needs are associated with the desire of a person to
develop and grow by challenging their working potential. If workers at Jack Stores will
be given challenging work and proper guidance, they will try to offer their best
performance so that their overall productivity can rise and they can attain maximised
benefits in their career.
Positive and negative impact of this theory on workers
 Positive impact: Maslow's motivation theory will benefits the manager in Jack stores to
understand the right manner by which workforce of firm can be motivated and
encouraged. This is a simple theory which can be easily understood by the manager and
employees of Jack stores. Due to this theory, manager will be able to acknowledge intra-
personal and inter-personal variations of human behaviour (Lata, 2017).
 Negative impact: This theory lacks a hierarchical structure due to which satisfying
prioritised needs of employees faces a setback. Some people prefer self actualisation need
ahead of basic needs due to which this theory lacks in deciding which needs are priority
for a person.
Victor Vroom Expectancy theory: This theory states that employees of a company feel
motivated by those factors which enhances their pleasure and minimise their pain. This theory
believes that performance of Jack store employees is dependent on their skill, personality,
knowledge and abilities. Aspects of this theory are mentioned below:
 Expectancy: This factor states that enhanced efforts of a person leads to increased
performance. If employees of Jack stores will be given right resources and required
support, they will be able to deliver their best performance.
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 Instrumentality: This kind of aspect believes that if a person will perform good then
appreciable outcomes can be attained. Attainment of first outcome will inspire the staff of
concerned firm to achieve second level outcome. If employees will not have interest in
performing well, they can not be motivated in any manner (Barreto, Vasconcelos and dos
Santos, 2017).
 Valence: It is the importance which is placed by an individual to attain expected
outcomes. For example, if an employee at Jack stores wants incentives in return of
appreciable work, offering additional time off will not motivate him to perform extra
ordinary work.
Positives and negatives of Victor Vroom theory
 Positive impact: According to this theory, expectations of workers are boost up by
incentives and rewards. Proper goals triggers the motivating process which benefits in
improvement of workers performance. This theory will help manager in Jack Store to
offer exact reward which is needed by employee (Taylor, Boat and Murphy, 2018).
 Negative impact: This theory is not considerable without the presence of manager. This
theory denotes the expectations of employees but if manager in not capable to identify it
then this can impacts the working of Jack stores in negative manner.
CONCLUSION
This report concludes that to encourage employees, manager of stores can adopt
motivational theories. This will help the organisation in enhancing the overall productivity and
performance of workforce so that high profits and revenues can be earned. Out of all the theories,
Victor Vroom expectancy theory is the best for an organisation in terms of encouraging
workforce.
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REFERENCES
Books and Journals
Guclu, H. and Guney, S., 2017. The effect of the motivation techniques used by managers to
increase the productivity of their workers and an application. Business Management
Dynamics. 6(7). p.1.
Allan, V. and et. al., 2018. The use of behaviour change theories and techniques in research-
informed coach development programmes: a systematic review. International Review of
Sport and Exercise Psychology. 11(1). pp.47-69.
Abyad, A., 2018. Project Management, Motivation Theories and Process Management. Middle
East Journal of Business. 13(4). pp.18-22.
Lata, M. S., 2017. Motivation is a key to Successful Organisation. International Journal of
Engineering Technology Science and Research. 4. p.12.
Barreto, M. A. M., Vasconcelos, S. S. and dos Santos, E. F., 2017, July. Motivation and Work: A
Survey of the Motivational Aspects in Industries. In International Conference on
Applied Human Factors and Ergonomics (pp. 319-328). Springer, Cham.
Taylor, I. M., Boat, R. and Murphy, S. L., 2018. Integrating theories of self-control and
motivation to advance endurance performance. International Review of Sport and
Exercise Psychology. pp.1-20.
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