Motivation Theories in Practice: A Case Study of Jack Discount Store

This report examines the application of motivational theories within Jack Discount Store, founded by Tesco in 2018, under the leadership of CEO Dave Lewis. It focuses on two primary theories: Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs and Incentive Theory. The analysis of Maslow's theory covers psychological, safety, social, esteem, and self-actualization needs, suggesting ways the company can address each level to enhance employee motivation. The Incentive Theory section explores the use of bonuses, praise, and paid vacations as motivational tools. The report discusses the advantages and disadvantages of each theory, such as the consideration of human nature versus the difficulty in measuring satisfaction for Maslow's theory, and higher output versus negative interpersonal relationships for Incentive Theory. The conclusion emphasizes the importance of motivational theories in enhancing organizational productivity and provides references to relevant academic sources.

Business introduction

Table of Contents
INTRODUCTION...........................................................................................................................3
MAIN BODY...................................................................................................................................3
Maslow's need hierarchy theory.............................................................................................3
Advantages.............................................................................................................................4
Disadvantages.........................................................................................................................4
Incentive theory......................................................................................................................5
Advantages.............................................................................................................................5
Disadvantages.........................................................................................................................5
CONCLUSION................................................................................................................................6
REFERENCES................................................................................................................................7

INTRODUCTION
Motivational theory is considered as a study and understanding of people to work
towards a particular goal or outcome in an organisation. There are different types of motivational
theories used in an organisation such as Malow's need hierarchy theory, Herzberg's motivation
hygiene theory and many more (Florenthal, 2019). In this report, Jack discount store is taking
into consideration which was founded by TESCO in 2018. The CEO of given company is Dave
Lewis. This report will include various motivation theories use my management of given
company to boost the motivation of employees in an organisation.
MAIN BODY
Maslow's need hierarchy theory
This theory was given by famous American psychologist Abraham Maslow. According to
him the need of humans are divided into five parts
 Psychological needs- These needs are related to basic level of need which every
individual demand in their life such as cloth, shelter and food. Therefore management of
Jack store should given enough salary to their employees so that they can satisfy their
basic level of needs.
 Safety and security needs- After fulling of basic needs, an individual look some safety
in their life in the terms of finance, health and many more. Therefore in order to satisfy
this management of given company provide insurance policy regarding their employees
health. This would give satisfaction in the mind of employees and they will remain
motivate and focusses on their work more (Foktas and Jucevičienė, 2021).
 Social needs- Every individual needs social relationship in their life in the form of
friendship, love and belonging. Therefore in order to satisfy this need of employees,
management of Jack store can organise parties,and also engage their employees in several
cultural activities. Through this employees would get chance to know their colleagues
very well and would be able to make good friendship with them.

 Esteem needs- In an organisation every employee expect some respect or appreciation
for the work they do for an organisation. Therefore in order to satisfy this need of an
individual management of Jack store can give several awards to employees on the basis
of their hard work and commitment. Moreover promotion should also be given to
employees. By these all things employees would feel highly motivated and they would
contribute more towards the success of an organisation (West, 2021).
 Self actualization needs- These are considered as highest level of needs refers to
realisation of person's potential, self fulfilment and personal growth. Therefore in order to
satisfy this need of an individual, management of respective company can organise
several functions such as dance function, singling function and many more. By this way
Jack store can satisfy the need of employees and motivate them to contribute more efforts
towards welfare of an organisation.
Advantages
 Human nature is taken into consideration- In this form of motivation theory human
needs are majorly considered. Therefore this would help Jack store to understands
behaviour of their employee very well and enable organisation to satisfy their employees
very well.
 Apply in all organisation- This motivational theory apply in all kind of organisation
whether it is small or big. Hence it is easy for management of given company to adopt
this motivational theory.
Disadvantages
 Not applicable in every individual- This form of motivational theory is not applicable
in every individual because for some employees social affection and respect play very
important role rather than safety needs. Hence sometimes it would be difficult for
management of respective organisation to apply this motivational theory in business.
 Difficult to measure- It is very difficult for an organisation to measure how much an an
employee is satisfy or not. Hence due to this sometimes management of given
organisation would remain unaware whether their efforts to satisfy the employees are
going in right direction or not (Vagianou and et.al2021).

Incentive theory
According to this theory employees in an organisation would be highly motivated by
reinforcement, recognition and many more. Therefore management of Jack store can apply this
motivational theory in their management by giving incentive to employees in several ways.
1. Bonus- This is a monetary reward an organisation give to their employees on the basis of
their performance in specific period of time. Management of Jack store can give bonus to
their employees on the basis of their performance in an organisation. This would highly
motivate their employees and they would perform in more better way towards to success
of an organisation.
2. Praise- It means to give positive feedback on employees performance. Management of
Jack store can start giving appreciation and positive reviews to employees whose
performance is going well for a longer period of time. This would motivate employees to
perform better in an organisation and also enable company to achieve their aim in
effective and efficient manner.
3. Paid vacation- Every employees expects some sort of leave from an organisation to
spend time with their family. Therefore management of given company can organise
paid leave for their employee to different location. This would motivate employees and
they would remain in an organisation for longer period of time.
Advantages
 Higher output- When employees get monetary benefit on the basis of their performance.
They would contribute more towards the welfare of an organisation. Hence this would
help Jack store to produce higher output and sell them in market for earning huge profit.
 Reduction in complaints and grievances- By incentive theory employees would
complain less to management of company regarding satisfying their needs in monetary
way. Hence this would help to create good image of company in market and also satisfied
employees contribute more which would help to increase sales of company.
Disadvantages
 Negative affect interpersonal relationship- Incentive or monetary benefit only given to
those employees whose performance remain good in an organisation. Therefore this
would hamper their relationship with other employees who are not good in their

performance. Hence management of Jack store would face this problem due to incentive
motivational theory.
 Negative impact on health- With the purpose to earning more, employees would work
more harder beyond their stamina which would negatively affect their health. Due to this
sales of jack store would get highly affect which would reduce their sales and
profitability (Richardson and Watt, 2018).
CONCLUSION
On the basis of above report, it has been concluded that motivational theories play a very
important role in overall productivity of an organisation. It helps to build motivation level of
employees so that they contribute more towards the welfare of an organisation. In this report it
has been discussed various motivational theories such as Maslows's need hierarchy theory and
incentive theory along with their advantages and disadvantages which can be used in an
organisation for increasing motivation of employees.

REFERENCES
Books and journals
Florenthal, B., 2019. Young consumers’ motivational drivers of brand engagement behavior on
social media sites: A synthesized U&G and TAM framework. Journal of Research in
Interactive Marketing.
Foktas, P. and Jucevičienė, P., 2021. Which Motivational Theories Are Suitable to Motivate
Employees Belonging to Generation Y?. In Eurasian Business and Economics
Perspectives (pp. 249-264). Springer, Cham.
West, R., 2021. Psychological theories of addiction. Routledge Library Editions: Addictions,
p.20.
Vagianou, M., Paraskeva, F., Karampa, V. and Bouta, H., 2021, July. Applying Motivational
Techniques and Gamified Elements on Instructional Design Models for Effective
Instruction in Secondary Education. In International Workshop on Learning
Technology for Education Challenges (pp. 111-123). Springer, Cham.
Richardson, P.W. and Watt, H.M., 2018. Teacher professional identity and career motivation: A
lifespan perspective. In Research on teacher identity (pp. 37-48). Springer, Cham.