Employee Motivation: Jack Store Case Study (MGT305, Sem 1)

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Introduction to Business Studies
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Contents
Task 3...................................................................................................................................................3
Motivational Techniques.....................................................................................................................3
Introduction.........................................................................................................................................3
Maslow’s theory of motivation.......................................................................................................4
Herzberg 2 factor theory of motivation.........................................................................................6
Conclusion............................................................................................................................................8
References............................................................................................................................................9
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Task 3
Motivational Techniques
Introduction
Motivation play essential role in the business organisation for inducing, stimulating and
inspiring the employees to perform best according to their capacity. It is highly important for
manager of the company to motivate employees towards the set goals and objectives for
attaining desired outcomes effectively. To increase level of profitability and productivity
motivation play a very important role. Manager of Jack store needs to adopt the effective
motivational technique for motivating employees that will aid to increase the profitability and
productivity of the company. Tesco announced the opening of Jack store that will have the
same values and similar cultural as Tesco store. This assignment will discuss two
motivational theories which are used by the manager of Jack Store to motivate employees so
that they can perform allocated work properly. Also, this assignment will examine the
positive and negative points of both motivational theories.
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Without motivating employee it is difficult for the organisation to achieve desired growth and
success in tough competitive marketplace. Motivation improves the efficiency level, capacity,
and ability of employees to perform the job in best way. By motivating, employees’ manager
of Jack Store can easily accomplish the organisational goal and objectives in certain time. It
is highly important for the manager of Jack Store to give high attention on motivational
techniques and theories for the motivation of employees that directly improve their
performance level in the workplace (Brown and Capozza, 2016). For increasing productivity
and profitability level of Jack, Store manager uses two motivational theories in proper
manner. These two motivational theories are examined as below with their advantages and
limitations in the context of Jack Store.
Maslow’s theory of motivation
It is most effective theory which is used by the manager of Jack Store to fulfill the strong
desire and to maintain their potential so that they will allocate work in the most effective
manner. The Maslow’s Hierarchy of needs theory includes five basic needs of Human being
that must be fulfilled by the organisation. This five-stage model of this theory is examined as
below:
Physiological needs: These are biological needs for survival of human, e.g. drink, shelter,
water, sleep, food, clothes, etc (Miner, 2015). If these requirements are not satisfied that the
employee will not able to perform properly in the workplace so it is important for the
manager of Jack Store to focus on physiological needs on first priority.
Safety needs: Protections from order, freedom, law, security, freedom, and stability from
fear that assist the employee to perform according to their ability and capacity.
Social needs: It is the third level of needs which must be fulfilled to motivate employee
towards the set goals and objectives.
Esteem needs: This is the fourth level requirement that includes desire, dignity, and status
that motivate the employee to perform well in the organisation.
Self-actualization needs: This is the last stage level where employee seeking personal
growth, self-fulfillment, personal potential, and peak experience.
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There are various advantages and limitations of Maslow’s hierarchy need the theory of
motivation which must be taken into consideration by the manager of the organisation. Some
of these are examined as below:
Advantages of Maslow's theory
o This theory improve an employee's performance
o Helps in achieving the organisational goals
o This theory aids to change negative attitude to a positive attitude of employees
Limitations of Maslow’s theory are:
o This theory restricted the number of self-actualized people
o All employees do not think in the same way.
o Failing to recognize individual and cultural indifferences
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Herzberg 2 factor theory of motivation
According to this theory, there are so many job factors which result in satisfaction among
employees. Herzberg 2 factor theory of motivation is given by the Frederick Herzberg in the
year 1959 that include two factors which are Hygiene factors and motivator factors which
must be adopted by the manager of Jack Store for enhancing the performance of employees
(Yusoff, et. al., 2013). This theory states that there are various factors that provide negative
satisfaction among employees and the same factors can provide positive satisfaction among
employees. Herzberg 2 factor theory of motivation is categories into two sections which are
discussed as below:
Hygiene factors
These factors are those job factors that are used by the manager for motivating employees
towards the set goals and objectives. The absence of these factors can create dissatisfaction
among employees. Hygiene factors are Company Policies and administrative policies,
Interpersonal relations, Pay, Fringe benefits, Status and Physical Working conditions that
motivate some employees in a positive manner.
Motivational factors
As per the Herzberg, the hygiene factors are not treated as motivators in the organisation. The
motivational factors needed to create positive satisfaction among the employees. By using
these factors the performance of the employees becomes better and this also increases the
motivation among the employees of the organisation (Kaur, 2013). The motivational factors
also called satisfiers. These factors are essential for the jack stores because this can maintain
their motivation in the organisation which leads to the productivity and profitability of the
organisation.
These factors yield positive satisfaction among employees that enhance their performance
and productivity level. The manager uses motivational factors for motivating employees so
that they can give superior performance in the organisation to attain set outcomes.
Advantages of Herzberg 2 factor theory
o This improves the motivation level among employees
o This improve relationship between manager and employees
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o The manager can easily increase job enrichment
o Employee become responsible towards the work
Limitation of Herzberg 2 factor theory
o Failed to create suitable satisfaction among the workers
o Herzberg theory is not free form prejudice.
o This theory gives a high focus on situational variables
o Herzberg assumed a correlation between productivity as well as satisfaction.
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Conclusion
By doing this assignment it has been concluded that Jack store can easily achieve set goals
and objectives in the tough competitive business environment by adopting effective
motivational technique. With the help of motivational theory manager of Jack Store motivate
employees to achieve high success, growth, and profitability in a certain time. In this
assignment, the manager uses two motivational theories which are Herzberg two factor
theory of motivation and Maslow’s theory of motivation.
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References
 Brown, R. and Capozza, D. eds., 2016. Social Identities: Motivational, emotional,
cultural influences. Psychology Press.
 Kaur, A., 2013. Maslow’s need hierarchy theory: Applications and criticisms. Global
Journal of Management and Business Studies, 3(10), pp.1061-1064.
 Miner, J.B., 2015. Organizational behavior 1: Essential theories of motivation and
leadership. Routledge.
 Yusoff, W.F.W., Kian, T.S. and Idris, M.T.M., 2013. Herzberg’s two factors theory
on work motivation: does its work for todays environment. Global journal of
commerce and Management, 2(5), pp.18-22.
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