This report addresses the ethical dilemmas encountered by healthcare professionals when providing care to Jehovah's Witnesses who refuse blood transfusions. The introduction provides a rationale for the chosen theme of ethics and the contemporary issue of blood transfusion refusal, identifying the target audiences as Jehovah's Witnesses and healthcare professionals. The main body critically explores the impact of the theme on nursing care, using research-based evidence to discuss current practices, integrating theory and practice, and highlighting the application of ethical principles such as autonomy, beneficence, and non-maleficence. The report discusses the implications of the Mental Capacity Act 2005 and Human Rights Act 1998. The analysis covers the impact of the Jehovah's Witnesses' beliefs on nursing practice, ethical complications related to blood transfusions, and the legal and ethical responsibilities of healthcare providers. The report reviews current practices, challenges faced, and potential future developments, including alternative treatment options and the importance of understanding patient rights and religious beliefs. The conclusion summarizes the findings regarding current practice and proposes future development in this complex area of healthcare.