Environmental Challenges and Management in Jervis Bay, Australia

This report delves into the environmental challenges confronting Jervis Bay, Australia, a region facing significant threats due to climate change and other factors. The report explores various issues, including the impacts of climate change such as rising sea levels, increased fire intensity and frequency, storm intensity, higher temperatures, and changing ocean currents. Coastal hazards like storm erosion and flooding are also examined. The report further discusses the environmental management system in place, emphasizing the need for strategies to mitigate the adverse effects of climate change and promote sustainable practices. Implications of these challenges are analyzed, and derived measures are proposed, including fire management strategies, reduction of carbon footprint, and development of hazard-resilient communities. The report concludes by highlighting the importance of proactive measures and community involvement in addressing these environmental concerns.

Running head: Environmental management challenges 1
Environment Science
Environmental Management Challenges

Environmental management challenges 2
Contents
Introduction.................................................................................................................................................3
Environment management challenges in Jervis Bay....................................................................................4
Climate change impacts in the Jervis Bay................................................................................................4
Fire intensity and frequency................................................................................................................4
Sea level rise........................................................................................................................................5
Storm intensity and frequency.............................................................................................................6
Higher temperature..............................................................................................................................6
Changing Ocean Current.....................................................................................................................6
Coastal hazards....................................................................................................................................7
Environmental management system........................................................................................................7
Implications and derived measures..............................................................................................................9
Conclusion.................................................................................................................................................10
References.................................................................................................................................................12

Environmental management challenges 3
Introduction
The influence of Anthropogenic has rapidly changed the ecosystem of bay-delta over the
past 150 years. Environment management plays an integral role in the protection of the
environment as well as public health (Staley, Kean, Cannon, Schmidt, and Laber, 2013). The
expectations of stakeholders and other business has increased from businesses and other public
sector organization and they want them to be able to reveal that they are sensibly handling the
impacts of environmental of their activities. Jervis Bay is the 102 square kilometer oceanic bay
and village which is situated in the south coast of New South Wales, Australia. The resident of
Jervis Bay is in fear their territory will be taken over by tourists and the native vegetation of
them can be spoiled if the ACT is successful in managing responsibility for the area back to
NSW. It is the report which will focus on the various environmental challenges of Jervis Bay
Territory.

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Environment management challenges in Jervis Bay
The region of Jervis Bay is situated in an overlap between the northern and southern
climate zones. It has been analyzed that the range of habitats involve bay waters of varying
depths, oceanic waters, ancient and recent dune system, coastal cliffs, forests, swamps, intertidal
rock platforms, perched lakes and estuarine waters. Climate change and the delta ecosystem is
the most horrible change which can destroy almost surroundings of it.
Climate change impacts in the Jervis Bay
The challenges of climate change are wider to confront the environment management and
restoration of the Jervis Bay. The potential amendments in the climate and its variability are
anticipated to profoundly affect the ecosystem and its physical and ecological structure along
with the nature of water problems in Australia. The conditions of climate and variety of habitats
are able to create an extremely rich and varied array of spices of wildlife both on the land and in
the sea. It has been evaluated that there is a degree of uncertainty in the context of climate
change which may influence the value of cultural, economic and natural of Jervis Bay. Hyder
consulting is made a report on behalf of the Australian Government about the influence of
climate change in the protected areas of Australia. As per the Hyder Consulting, the expectation
of rising of CO2 levels to rise by 165 PPM until 2030 and 365 until 2070. This would be liable to
increase the temperature of 1.3°C respectively 4.0°C, it would lead Jervis Bay to increase 35°C
by 3 days in 2030. There are impacts of climate change mentioned below in the context of Jervis
Bay.

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Fire intensity and frequency
Due to change o the climate change is increased the major risk of bush fires. It has been
researched that the increased level of CO2 will be beneficial for photosynthesis. It is therefore
anticipated that the increasing carbon levels will be beneficiary for undergrowth. It is fact that
the rising temperature and enhanced evaporation will be able to reason of higher risk of fire in
Jervis Bay. Wild fire would be able to be the reason of damaging to infrastructures and other
facilities of the park which is related with the Jervis Bay. The impact of fire intensity and
frequency over the Jervis bay is wider because there are major Booderee national park which
involves vegetation communities that are particularly susceptible to enhance the chance of fire
frequency involving swamp oak forests, dune system and rainforest. Due to fire intensity the rare
species as well as other habitat will be vanished in a single fire (Lindenmayer, MacGregor,
Dexter, Fortescue and Beaton, 2014).
Sea level rise
The increasing level of sea poses a high risk on the coast line of Jervis Bay. It has been
consultant by hyder that the loss of costal habitats will be the reason of changing in foraging and
diet habits. It would be liable to increase soil contamination which could lead to upper turbidity
of sea water and can be the reason of adversely impact species of marine that is reliable eon the
clarity of its habitat. There are so many effect of sea level rise and one of them is increased
saltwater intrusion into freshwater parts. Due to increment of salt in the water force the habitat to
move from here and habitats will shift or may be eradicates entirely (Porteous, 2013). The
impact of it over the population of Jervis Bay is not good because the wider majority of the
nation’s commercial and recreational fisheries are reliable on the marshes of coastal. Due to
increment in sea levels in the Jervis Bay, the area which is built up behind these marshes will

Environmental management challenges 6
provide no chance for wetlands to migrate. The accumulated results will be millions of dollars in
economy which may influence the livelihoods and sustainability of many communities of
coastal.
Storm intensity and frequency
Strong winds and heavy rainfalls will provoke destructions alike to the ones reason by sea
level rise. Rainfall is expected to become more variable for a long time of droughts. The severe
storms also depictions cultural heritage to huge risk. Erosion and winds are capable to damage
artefacts of culture. Climate change is being the huge reason for natural attributes of Jervis Bay.
The fear of storm intensity and frequency has increased due to increment in the level of sea
storm (Kirwan and Megonigal, 2013). Along with that there is the major role of soil erosion and
sedimentation to be the cause of storm intensity and frequency.
Higher temperature
Temperature is considered as important indicator for fauna and flora to maintain the
seasonable patterns. Higher temperature can affect the ecology of populations and the occurrence
of suitable habitats for a range of species. Climate change bother the lifecycle of species in
worldwide and being the reason of severe foraging issues when species that are lower in the
chain of food are unable to find the food in right quantities at right time (Wolch, Byrne and
Newell, 2014). The impact of higher temperature will have adverse impact over the populations
as well as entire territory, the progress of the crops and eatable things could get adversely
impacted.

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Changing Ocean Current
Jervis Bay is impacted by the East Australian Current which moves southwards beside
the Australian coast. It is anticipated that the change in climate will have influenced the ocean
current. Some researchers have found that the East Australian Current will amend in a way that
the growth of Grass Sea is facilitated (O'Riordan, 2014). It provides nutrients for marine life by
cycling and that is why it is an important element for the food supply in the surrounding area of
the Jervis Park.
Coastal hazards
The reason of coastal hazards is done by dynamic processes such as tides, waves, current
and rock weathering along the coast. It would be disadvantageous for Jervis Bay because it
involves beach storm erosion, costal induction and coastal recession. These hazards can be the
cause of spoiling surrounding area of Jervis Bay. The major coastal hazards are in the context of
Jervis Bay storm erosion, long term erosion and ocean flooding (Radosavljevic, Lantuit, Pollard,
Overduin, Couture, Sachs, Helm, and Fritz, 2016). It has adverse impact over the population of
the Jervis Bay because they have o be ready for sudden costal threats which may involve coastal
storms, hurricanes, landslides and tsunamis that is why the population of that place have to be
made a house of wooden and it should be heighted approximately 10 to 12 feet from the land.
Environmental management system
Environmental management system is relying on various process and procedures that are
able to allow both the private as well as sectors of public to evaluate and decrease the influence
other activities for improving the performance on constant manner. It has the management which

Environmental management challenges 8
focuses to motivate the organization of Jervis Bay to utilize EMSs to facilitate meet requirements
of both voluntary as well as regulatory requirements in the zone of designing products and other
sustainable practices. The rich marine life is able to attract large number of visitors in the area of
it. It has been analyzed through operational plan for Jervis Bay Marine Park that the level of
visitors has been enhanced with an increasing demand for ecotourism opportunities (Bruce,
Albright, Sheehan and Blewitt, 2014). It should be the strategy of the environmental
management system that discuss with Department of Defence in as per with the management
arrangements so that in case of urgent requirement such as natural disaster the defence team
could protect many lives from bad situation.

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Implications and derived measures
The amendments in climate are liable to bring the huge challenges for traditional
protected areas and their management. Climate change will essentially lead to amends in the
natural composition of Jervis Bay. The changes in climate are advantageous for some species
and unfavorable for others. The nature of extinction cannot be avoided but other endangered
animals of related park which is interlinked with Jervis bay could even advantageous from
changed living conditions. It has been analyzed that in the past, biodiversity was usually seen not
stable. The areas of protection were endorsed to preserve biodiversity in a certain region. The
conservation goals are designed to promote ahead existence of natural composition (Cazenave,
Dieng, Meyssignac, Von Schuckmann, Decharme, and Berthier, 2014). There were so many
protected areas which were made with fixed goals such as the protection of specific species. Now
the climate has changed in comparison of old days and obviously the biodiversity structure will
change in the future. It is important for the management of environment of Australia to
determine whether they want to constant endeavoring to conserve the zone of population as it,
knows the change is predictable or whether they keep focus on goals of conservation to meet
future challenges. It is important for the Environmental management of Jervis Bay to understand
the climate change implications in an adequate manner and execute the measurement of adaption
to increase resilience. The fire management strategies should be implemented in continuous
manner for the major landscape types in the Jervis Bay (Jones, Nyman and Sheridan 2014). The
management should keep focus on the reduction of carbon footprint of the surrounding areas of
Jervis Bay and its management (Thackway, 2014). The plan of this can be attained by minor
measures such as switch to more efficient vehicles and use of renewable energy by solar PV
system in the area of Jervis Bay. It has been analyzed from the operational plan of Jervis Bay

Environmental management challenges 10
that the plan has become ready to meet the objectives of conserving marine biodiversity,
handling the process of ecological, providing chance to sustainable use of ecological and support
to the public of Jervis bay. In combination with NSW Fisheries and National parks, evaluate the
permit applications of research. The expert advice should be considered at prior basis in the
concern of environmental issues. It is vital to develop hazard-resilient communities to make for
the costal threats and the ability of the community should be enhanced to absorb influence and
bounce back (Dasgupta, Hossain, Huq and Wheeler, 2014). It would be grateful to save the lives
of many due to disasters and secure the economic stability of these communities.
Conclusion
It has been concluded that there is no protection guard to stop the natural disasters but by
applying some strategies in daily life consumption can protect us from sooner natural disaster.
The main topic has been discussed in the context of environmental challenges of Jervis Bay. It

Environmental management challenges 11
has been found that there are so many elements are liable to enhance the risk of living over there
such as fire intensity and frequency, sea level rise, coastal hazards, higher temperature, change
ocean current and storm intensity and frequency. The impact of them on the Jervis Bay and its
surroundings has been mentioned in this report. It is vital for the environmental management
system to keep focus on the protection guard from those environmental challenges.

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References
Bruce, E., Albright, L., Sheehan, S. and Blewitt, M., 2014. Distribution patterns of migrating
humpback whales (Megaptera novaeangliae) in Jervis Bay, Australia: A spatial analysis using
geographical citizen science data. Applied Geography, 54, pp.83-95.
Cazenave, A., Dieng, H.B., Meyssignac, B., Von Schuckmann, K., Decharme, B. and Berthier,
E., 2014. The rate of sea-level rise. Nature Climate Change, 4(5), pp.358-361.
Dasgupta, S., Hossain, M., Huq, M. and Wheeler, D., 2014. Facing the hungry tide: climate
change, livelihood threats, and household responses in coastal Bangladesh.
Jones, O.D., Nyman, P. and Sheridan, G.J., 2014. Modelling the effects of fire and rainfall
regimes on extreme erosion events in forested landscapes. Stochastic environmental research
and risk assessment, 28(8), pp.2015-2025.
Kirwan, M.L. and Megonigal, J.P., 2013. Tidal wetland stability in the face of human impacts
and sea-level rise. Nature, 504(7478), pp.53-60.
Lindenmayer, D., MacGregor, C., Dexter, N., Fortescue, M. and Beaton, E., 2014. Booderee
National Park: The Jewel of Jervis Bay. CSIRO PUBLISHING.
O'Riordan, T. ed., 2014. Environmental science for environmental management. Routledge.
Porteous, A., 2013. Dictionary of environmental science and technology. John Wiley & Sons.
Radosavljevic, B., Lantuit, H., Pollard, W., Overduin, P., Couture, N.J., Sachs, T., Helm, V. and
Fritz, M., 2016, June. Threats to Coastal Infrastructure from Erosion and Flooding: A Case Study
from Herschel Island, Yukon Territory, Canada.

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Staley, D.M., Kean, J.W., Cannon, S.H., Schmidt, K.M. and Laber, J.L., 2013. Objective
definition of rainfall intensity–duration thresholds for the initiation of post-fire debris flows in
southern California. Landslides, 10(5), pp.547-562.
Thackway, R., 2014. Assessing Conservation Outcomes: Integrated Regional Planning in the
Jervis Bay Region, Australia1.
Wolch, J.R., Byrne, J. and Newell, J.P., 2014. Urban green space, public health, and
environmental justice: The challenge of making cities ‘just green enough’. Landscape and Urban
Planning, 125, pp.234-244.

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