Enterprise and Entrepreneurship: A Study of J.K. Rowling's Career

This essay delves into the entrepreneurial journey of J.K. Rowling, examining her background, entrepreneurial traits, and the opportunity and idea development processes that led to her success. The essay highlights her creativity, innovation, and unique style, connecting these traits to relevant entrepreneurial theories. It explores her competitive advantages, such as her imaginative storytelling and ability to connect with readers, alongside recommendations for her future ventures. The analysis draws upon psychological and sociological theories to understand Rowling's motivations and the factors that influenced her path. The essay provides a comprehensive overview of Rowling's entrepreneurial achievements, offering valuable insights into her career and the key elements that contributed to her global success.

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ENTERPRISE AND ENTREPRENEURSHIP
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Table of Contents
Introduction......................................................................................................................................2
Background of the Entrepreneur......................................................................................................2
Entrepreneurial traits/ Characteristics..............................................................................................3
Opportunity development and Idea development process...............................................................4
Competitive advantages...................................................................................................................4
Recommendations............................................................................................................................5
References........................................................................................................................................6

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Introduction
Entrepreneurship is considered as the process of designing, developing and running a
new form of business which was in its beginning stage was regarded as a small business. The
individuals who are engaged in these forms of business are generally called the entrepreneurs.
The term entrepreneurship is being described as the ability and the will to enhance, organize and
even manage a venture of the business along with the hazards that are associated with it in order
to make profits. However, the sector of the economics is able to define the term in a broader
sense as the an ability to identify and perform upon the chances in order to translate the
inventions or technologies into products and various number of services. This assignment will be
focused on the entrepreneur J.K Rowling of the United Nations (Babich, 2016) According to the
report, she holds the value of about one billion dollars as she continues to acquire the profits
from the distribution of her books and her films , bringing huge amount of success to her
business and building up her foundation as the entrepreneur and as one of the most commercially
successful writer of all the time (Drucker, 2014).
Background of the Entrepreneur
J.K Rowling who is originally known as the Joanne Kathleen tends to be born in
Chipping Sodbury, England in the year 1965. Writing was being initiated by her from the age of
6 with the story of that of a rabbit which was not completed by her (Aditiana 2015). During the
summer of 1990, on a late train from the Manchester to that of the London, an idea came up to
her mind which was of a boy who discovered the fact that he is a wizard. The sociological theory
of the entrepreneurship can be applied here (Errington, 2015). The setting in which an individual
tends to lie effects his or her success. The delayed train is considered to the setting in which the

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creativity of J.K Rowling might have emerged. However, the theory of the innovation by Joseph
can also be considered here. according to the theory, the main function of the entrepreneur is to
bring out new things in life. Her creative idea of a boy finding the fact that he is a wizard brought
her huge success in life. However, in the same year, her mother died by suffering from multiple
Sclerosis. In order to forget her grief she went to Portugal to teach English. In the year 1992, she
got married with a journalist of the Portugal named Jorge Arantes but unfortunately the married
did not last for more than one year and one month (Fisch, 2018). In the year 1993, she left her
husband and came back to England with her daughter. However, she was fighting with
depression and with that of the poverty. She struggled hard to raise her daughter through the
money that was being gained through the welfare cheque of £70 per week. It was her un ability
to heat up her flat that made up sat in the cafés and took bus write while writing for the book
Harry potter and the Philosopher’s Stone. From this background of her life, the psychological
theory of entrepreneurship can be applied here. According to this theory, some form of mental
or the psychological reasons tends to drive entrepreneurial individuals. According to the
psychologist David McClelland, there has to be a need of an entrepreneur that will be driving
him or her towards success. here, J.K Rowling was struggling very hard and it was her need to
get success that turned her favor and brought huge success in the long run.
Entrepreneurial traits/ Characteristics
One of the common the common trait of the entrepreneur is that of the creativity or
innovation as per the theory of innovation in itself. In this context, J.K Rowling tends to have
huge sense of creativity and innovation in herself (Kuratko, 2016). It is her innovative idea of
the boy realizing that he is a wizard that brought her huge success in the long run. The second
trait of the entrepreneur that she tends to have is that she is very different or unique in her own

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style. This is mainly related to the theory which is based on the theory. As per the theory, the
entrepreneur must consist of something which is very much different and is able to attract the
attention of the customers. In this context, the story of Rowling is different and is able to attract
the audience and bring about success for her (Olechowska,2016.) According to the McClelland’s
Human motivation theory, the individual ends to have a reason for motivation in order to gain
success. in this case, Rowling’s need to come out of her struggle and depression helped her to
get motivated and work more hard to bring the success that she tends to enjoy presently (Shields
2013).
Opportunity development and Idea development process
According to the theory of the theory of the status withdrawl, an individual turns to
innovation when they tend to feel that their values or the status are not being respected by the
society (Saxena 2014). In this case, after the death of her mother and her broken relationship
with the journalist form the Portugal, she turned towards writing in order to get distracted. It is
during this time that she wrote the Harry porter and the Philosopher’s Stone (Read et al
2016).The book was initially rejected by the british writers namely the Penguin, Transworld and
the HarperCollins. However, it was being signed by the Bloomsbury Children Books with about
£10,000.
Competitive advantages
One of the competitive advantage that tends to make J.K Rowling very much different
from her other writers is her complete sense of innovation. Despite being a fictional story with
the setting of the fantasy, the readers could relate themselves with the other people. She tends to
share her imagination and generosity among the tends who are growing and among the charities

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(Rowling, 2015). The book tends to show that the protagonist is searching for success and
ultimately acquiring it like herself. This is actually what adolescence or what life in reality
actually is. Even , in the fantasy with full of innovation, she is able to relate to her life and give a
message to that of her readers that one must struggle hard and fight against all the odds in order
to get huge success in the future because the hazards will be just temporary while the success or
the glory will be for forever. It is her power of innovation and creativity that tends to make her
different from the others (Rowling, 2018).
Recommendations
One of the significant recommendation for J.K Rowling would be that instead o focusing
totally on the fantasy of the children, she must even write her books on the reality which are
being faced by the individuals in the real world. like for example, she can write about issues like
marital rape or dowry system or various other issues that are being faced by the women. As a
female writer, she can stress or give importance to the women in the present situation. However,
as she has struggled a lot, she can also write books on motivation or how to get success or how
to get away from depression. she can even write on love stories as it tends to attract a huge
number of audience and the teenagers however, one of the significant recommendation for J. K.
Rowling would be that she can put her hands into the directing as well. her book turned into a
film is already a huge success and if she tends to direct a film, it is definitely going to be a
success as well.

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References
Aditiana, A., 2015. HEDGES REALIZED IN OPRAH WINFREY’S TALK SHOW FEAT JK
ROWLING (Doctoral dissertation, UNIVERSITY OF STIKUBANK (UNISBANK)
SEMARANG).
Babich, B., 2016. Getting to Hogwarts: Michael Oakeshott, Ivan Illich, and JK Rowling on
‘School’. Education and Conversation: Exploring Oakeshott’s Legacy. London: Bloomsbury,
pp.199-218.
Drucker, P., 2014. Innovation and entrepreneurship. Routledge.
Errington, P.W., 2015. JK Rowling: a Bibliography 1997-2013. Bloomsbury Publishing.
Fisch, A., 2018. Trump, JK Rowling, and Confirmation Bias: An Experiential Lesson in Fake
News. Radical Teacher, 111, pp.103-108.
Kuratko, D.F., 2016. Entrepreneurship: Theory, process, and practice. Cengage Learning.
Olechowska, E., 2016. JK Rowling Exposes the World to Classical Antiquity. In Our Mythical
Childhood... The Classics and Literature for Children and Young Adults (pp. 384-410). Brill.
Read, S., Sarasvathy, S., Dew, N. and Wiltbank, R., 2016. Effectual entrepreneurship. Taylor &
Francis.
Rowling, J.K., 2015. Harry Potter and the philosopher's stone (Vol. 1). Bloomsbury Publishing.
Rowling, J.K., 2018. Answers to Questions. JK Rowling, 1.
Saxena, V., 2014. The subversive Harry Potter: Adolescent rebellion and containment in the JK
Rowling novels. McFarland.

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Shields, C.J., 2013. JK Rowling. Infobase Learning.