Job Satisfaction Theories: Application in Different Organizations

This essay provides an overview of job satisfaction theories, focusing on Maslow's need hierarchy and Herzberg's two-factor theory. It explains how these theories help companies understand and influence employee behavior. The essay delves into the application of these theories in various organizations, including Tesco, Tesla, Volkswagen, and Hilton, illustrating how these companies use job satisfaction principles to achieve their goals. The analysis highlights the importance of factors such as promotion opportunities, recognition, and a supportive work environment in fostering employee satisfaction and reducing labor turnover. The essay concludes by emphasizing the advantages of implementing these theories, such as improved employee performance, increased productivity, and a positive work culture. The content is contributed by a student to be published on Desklib, a platform providing AI-based study tools for students.

INDIVIDUAL STUDY

TABLE OF CONTENT
INTRODUCTION.................................................................................................................. 3
MAIN BODY ........................................................................................................................ 3
1. Applying the theory on the selected topic ......................................................................3
2. Apply the theory by which people behave they do work in company..............................4
3. Organizational examples of importance of applications of theories.................................5
CONCLUSION...................................................................................................................... 7
RFERENCES ........................................................................................................................ 8

·INTRODUCTION
This present essay is going to represent about different theories if job satisfaction by
which help the company can understand the behaviour of their people. By using the best and
job satisfaction theories various companies like Tesco, Tesla, Volkswagen Toyota of
different sector and industries make themselves able to understand different behaviours
people. The main aim of application of theory by organizations is to achieve their pre-
determined goals by identifying nature and attitude and then satisfy their needs accordingly
(Lee, Back and Chan, 2015).
·MAIN BODY
·1. Applying the theory on the selected topic
Job satisfaction is one of the most studied variables in the area of workplace
psychology. It has been linked with number of psychosocial issues that different from
leadership to job design. Job specification is the pleasurable emotional state resulting from
the appraisal of one job as accomplishing or helping the attainment of one job values. The
most definition involves effective feeling workers have towards their job or work (Judge and
et.al., 2017). This can be the job in normal or their attitudes towards the particular needs of
it. The level to which work result meet or exceed expectation can define the level of job
satisfaction. In this context, there are many theories of job satisfaction that have powerful
overlap with concepts defining human motivation. The most common theories in this field
involve Maslow’s need hierarchy, Herzberg’s two factors theory, job characteristics model
and dispositional concept.
Maslow’s need hierarchy theory:
This theory is one of the most essential which is to examine important contributions
to job satisfaction. This theory advice which human needs form five level hierarchy
comprising to physiological, safety, belongingness, esteem and self actualization. This theory
was developed to describe human motivation in normal terms (Hierarchy of Needs, 2017).
Still, it is main boarder which is applicable to work setting and have been utilized to describe
job satisfaction. The financial compensation and well-being are some advantages within the
firm that can aid worker meet the basic physiological needs like food, shelter and water.
Safety needs can noticeable itself through workers feeling physically safe in their work
surrounding and job security. When kit is satisfied, worker can focus on feeling as though
they belong to the company. This can come in the kind of positive relationship with
colleagues and managers in the company. When it is satisfied, worker will seek to feel

though they are valued and pleasant by their colleagues and their company (Raziq and
Maulabakhsh, 2015). The last stage is where the worker tries to self actualizing where they
require developing and growing in relation to become everything they are capable of
becoming.
Herzberg Motivator-hygiene theory:
This theory advice that job satisfaction and dissatisfaction are two opposite ends of
the similar field. There are two factors involves in this theory such as motivating and hygiene
factors. Motivating factors like pay and benefits, identification and accomplishment needs to
be met in relation to worker to be satisfied with work (Motivator-Hygiene Theory, 2017). On
other side, at the absence of hygiene such as working situation, policies and structure of
company, job security , communication with colleagues and quality of management etc. By
these factors, workers will be dissatisfied with their job. Because of both motivational and
hygiene factors are examined as independent, it is possible which workers are neither
satisfied nor dissatisfied (Huang and et.al., 2016). This approach assume that when hygiene
factors are low the worker is dissatisfied but when these factors are high if refers the worker
is not dissatisfied but not necessarily satisfied. The worker is not based on motivating factors.
Furthermore, it is the idea that when motivators are met the worker is thought to be satisfied.
This division can help in accounting for the complexity of feeling to worker as they feel both
satisfied and dissatisfied at the similar time or neither happy not disappointed. As compared
to that, motivator-hygiene approach is important in first different job satisfaction from
dissatisfaction. This theory has received some experimental support. The actual study of this
theory which has been criticised for have been organized with weak methods. As the
outcome, subsequent attempts to test this approach which have placed mixed outcome with
some investigator supporting it and other not.
l壱2. Apply the theory by which people behave they do work in company
Any kind of organization can be utilised different theories for increasing job
satisfaction to their employees at the workplace. The Maslow’s need hierarchy theory is the
best and most essential approach to the job satisfaction to employees at the workplace. This
theory advice according to which the majority of people will have set pattern of wants that
can be separated into five levels hierarchy comprising to physiological, safety,
belongingness, esteem and self actualization (Lee, Back and Chan, 2015). The largest benefit
of this theory is to very easy to understand. This theory is relevant in all fields of life because
whether they are home or at the company with basic requirement only. With the help of it,

employers need to increase the self esteem and actualization which can directly impact on the
behaviour, job satisfaction and job security at the workplace as compared to other employees.
Also, this theory can aid to increase the self confidence and self-respect for completing their
job role in effective manner. This approach can aid to build relationship and engagement by
employees within the organization. When it is satisfied, worker will seek to feel though they
are valued and pleasant by their colleagues and their company. In order to that, company
should also provide the benefits and rewards for increasing their motivation and their
satisfaction towards the job in the organization. Through this, improving performance and
developing skills as well as knowledge about the job role at the workplace. Also this can aid
to the increase the job satisfaction to the employees in the workplace (Tchuenté and et.al.,
2017). This theory was developed to describe human motivation in normal terms. Still, it is
main boarder which is applicable to work setting and have been utilized to describe job
satisfaction. Highly job satisfaction can aid to improve the quality of work and performance
to individual as compared to other employees. Therefore, company should utilise the theory
for improving employee and company performance in the industry in which they operates.
Also, this can aid to increase the productivity and efficiency of employees as well as
organization. Also, this can help to improve the culture and work environment of the firm.
l壱3. Organizational examples of importance of applications of theories
It is analysed that there are mainly two factors in any type of company. First type of factors
includes those factors who help the company in satisfying their employees and provides job
satisfaction to employees are known as job satisfaction factors. Second type of factors
includes all those factors who do not provide job satisfaction to employees but if they are not
present at work place then it may dissatisfy employees. There are several organizations that
apply and use Herzberg’s theory with the main aim of decreasing labour turnover by
analysing and identifying different behaviours of people and identifying their different types
of needs (Fernandez and Moldogaziev, 2015).
The first example of well-known company and retailer is Tesco. Tesco is a British
multinational online groceries and retailer supermarket. This company was founded by Jack
Cohen in 1919. Vision of this company is to become most highly valued and sustainable
business. It can be possible when it fulfils and satisfy all needs of their employees and
customers. For satisfying their employees’ needs, Tesco uses en effective tool and theory
which is known as Herzberg’s job satisfaction theory. It uses all elements of this theory with
the main aim of knowing their behaviour and then satisfies them. This company believes that

employees’ satisfaction is the key element of success, so it more focuses on this theory. It has
various factors that provide job satisfaction to their employees and make them able to leave
and stay in the company. Factor includes promotion opportunities, achievement, recognition,
responsibility etc. It is also found that the most important element factor that determine job
satisfaction for employees are salary, policy & administration for Tesco Plc (Lofrumento and
et.al.,2015). Tesco personnel get an opportunity to give their input when the company y
design restaurant menus, help to prevent feelings of alienation & dissatisfaction.
Other example of organization who uses Herzberg's theory for identifying employees
behaviours in the context of job satisfaction is Tesla motor company. Tesla motors in an
American auto motive company that is based in Palo Alto, California. It operates multiple
productions and assembly plan. Vision and mission of this company is to become sustainable
business and accelerate the world’s transition to sustainable transport. It has to face several
problems at its workplace. The main issue which it is facing is labour turnover. It identified
reasons of this problem and get to know the lack of job satisfaction among employees. For
removing and reducing this issue it adopts and focus on following Herzberg’s theory. The
maim of using this theory is it has all those factors that can help them in satisfying their
employees related to job. They do their best to inspire their employees by motivating them
and providing factors according to their needs (Ogunnaike and et.al.,2017).
Another example of company that follows Maslow’s and Volkswagen that is a
German auto maker that was founded by German labour front under Adolf Hitler on 28th
May 1937. This company does not have an official mission statement but it has some goals as
to become the market leader and the leader among all auto mobile manufacturers. For
achieving its goals and objectives it uses various strategies which can help them in
accomplishing its goals. Herzberg's and Maslow’s theory is one of its strategic tools. This
tool is being used by this company with the main aim of increasing customers experience by
providing them qualitative products. It can provide satisfactory product only when if it has
skilled and potential employees who have willingness to stay in the company and help the
company in accomplishing their goals. It can be only possible when the company focus on
satisfying their employees’ needs and objectives. With the help of Herzberg's theory and by
using all factors and elements like promotional opportunities, recognition it tries to provide
job satisfaction to employees (Bigg and et.al., 2018).
In the hospitality sector, Hilton hotel & resorts which is a Global brand of full service
hotel. This hotel was founded by Conrad Hilton on May 31,1919. It serves their products and

services worldwide. It is famous for its qualitative and attractive services. There are several
issues which are being faced by this hotel at its workplace. The main issue is demotivated
employees and unproductive work. The main reason which hamper productivity is unskilled
and demotivated employees. For solving this problem, manager of this hotel have made some
strategies and is also making use of Maslow's hierarchy of needs and Herzberg's theory. After
using and applying these theories it identified that labours have willingness to work more
productively and stay in the company for the long run. These job satisfaction and motivation
theories has all those factors that help the company and hotel in satisfying their needs. It
consists of both job satisfaction factors and those who does not provide job satisfaction but
their absence can lead dissatisfaction among them. So it can be said that both theories play an
important role in any type of sectors company.
Advantages of using Herzberg’s theory
Implementation of Herzberg’s theory has various advantages that can help the manager of an
organization to identify and understand the behaviour and attitude of people and employees.
The main benefit of using this theory is with the help of this theory organizations can easily
identify and consider their employees problems. It is employees’ oriented approach and
theory which consider their problems and focus on their relationship rather than focus on
money and task oriented. It also stress upon job enrichment because it is the one model that
can help to accelerate employees motivation. The other main characteristic of Herzberg’s
theory and its implementation is to make use of employees; expertize and competencies to
the great extent. Continuous focus on employees’ satisfaction can also lead increasing
productivity of the company and employees as well. This theory also help in employees
empowerment means delegating increasing responsibility to each team member. It can be
done by delegating responsibility that is a job satisfaction factor. It also make employees able
to increase their abilities by more focusing on work when they feel more happy and
motivated towards their work.
·CONCLUSION
From the above study it has been summarized that theories of job satisfaction and
motivation played a vital role in any type of company. With the help of different theories like
Maslow’s hierarchy of needs, Herzberg’s theory, dispositional approach, job characteristics
model, different organizations of different sectors can understand behaviours and attitude of
people and identify that how they behave at work they do. Implementation of theories made

managers of companies able to provide different types of job satisfaction factors according to
needs of their people.

·RFERENCES
Books and Journals
Fernandez, S. and Moldogaziev, T., 2015. Employee empowerment and job satisfaction in
the US Federal Bureaucracy: A self-determination theory perspective. The American
review of public administration. 45(4). pp.375-401.
Huang, Y.H. and et.al., 2016. Beyond safety outcomes: An investigation of the impact of
safety climate on job satisfaction, employee engagement and turnover using social
exchange theory as the theoretical framework. Applied ergonomics. 55. pp.248-257.
Judge, T.A. and et.al., 2017. Job attitudes, job satisfaction, and job affect: A century of
continuity and of change. Journal of Applied Psychology. 102(3). p.356.
Lee, J. S., Back, K. J. and Chan, E. S., 2015. Quality of work life and job satisfaction among
frontline hotel employees: a self-determination and need satisfaction theory
approach. International Journal of Contemporary Hospitality Management, 27(5),
pp.768-789.
Lofrumento, C. and et.al.,2015. Safranin-O dye in the ground state. A study by density
functional theory, Raman, SERS and infrared spectroscopy. Spectrochimica Acta Part
A: Molecular and Biomolecular Spectroscopy. 137. pp.677-684.
Ogunnaike, O.O. and et.al.,2017. THE FREDERICK HERZBERG TWO FACTOR
THEORY OF JOB SATISFACTION AND ITS APPLICATION TO BUSINESS
RESEARCH.
Raziq, A. and Maulabakhsh, R., 2015. Impact of working environment on job
satisfaction. Procedia Economics and Finance, 23, pp.717-725.
Bigg, M. and et.al., 2018. Bridging the gap: a case study of a partnership approach to skills
development through student engagement in Bristol’s Green Capital year. Higher
Education Pedagogies. 3(1). pp.417-428.
Tchuenté, L.A.T. and et.al., 2017. Moving from control to elimination of schistosomiasis in
sub-Saharan Africa: time to change and adapt strategies. Infectious Diseases of
Poverty. 6(1). p.42.
Online

Hierarchy of Needs. 2017.[ONLINE]. Available through. : <https://iedunote.com/job-
satisfaction-theories >.
Motivator-Hygiene Theory. 2017.[ONLINE]. Available through. : <https://iedunote.com/job-
satisfaction-theories >.