Exploring the Moral Justification of Animal Experimentation

This essay critically evaluates the moral justification of animal experimentation, examining the ethical debates surrounding the practice. It delves into arguments from both proponents and opponents, considering the potential benefits to humanity against the suffering inflicted on animals. The essay discusses the role of animal research in medical advancements and the ethical frameworks used to justify it, such as cost-benefit analysis. It also addresses concerns about animal rights, the unreliability of animal trials, and the availability of alternative, non-animal research methods. The essay further explores the implementation of the 3Rs (reduction, refinement, and replacement) in ethical review processes to improve animal welfare and mitigate ethical issues in animal experimentation, concluding that while cruelty is unjustifiable, ethical experimentation under strict guidelines can contribute to medical progress.

Can experimentation on
animals be morally
justified

Table of Contents
INTRODUCTION...........................................................................................................................1
Main Body.......................................................................................................................................1
CONCLUSION................................................................................................................................4
REFERENCES................................................................................................................................5

INTRODUCTION
The concept of being ethical is tend to be related and associated with the pertaining to or
dealing with the morals as well as implication the set principles of morality that are associated
with the pertaining to right and the wrong way of conducting any activity (Brønstad, 2022).
Further, the core principles and measurement of ethical aspects tend to comprises of the
autonomy, justice, beneficence, nonmaleficence, and fidelity are each absolute truths in and of
themselves. It has been seen and analysed that the animal experimentation is a common
phenomenon and widely used and seen in medial industry where animals are used to develop and
test new medicines before having there trail on human being. Thus, the current essay writing is
tending to be based on the topic of the Can experimentation on animals be morally justified that
comprises of a critical anal evaluation of the key aspects and reasons behind experimentation on
animal is being conducted and lead out.
Main Body
Animal research and experimentation tend to be have a vital role in many scientific as
well as medical advances that tend to continuously aid and supports the better understanding
level about the various diseases. It has been also seen that all around the world people tend to
enjoy a better quality of life and more developed medical treatment because of these advances
and experimentation on animal (Thomas, 2022). Thus, the use of the animals in scientific
experimentation and medical research is also going to be a subject of heated debate from several
areas especially from ethical view point. It has been analysed that the opponents of the animal
research tend to give reasons in supports of facts that including discussion about both animal-
rights extremists and anti-vivisectionist groups—believe that animal experimentation is cruel and
unnecessary, regardless of its purpose or benefit. Further, it has been also seen and find out that
the Animal research is frequently considered justifiable based on a consequentialist calculus that
invokes cost-benefit or harm-benefit analysis. These ethical frameworks are formalised
throughout the developed world with explicit statements in regulations and guidelines requiring
researchers to justify their use of animals based on benefits to humans, animals, or the
environment. These frameworks rely on researchers presenting evidence that their research may
lead to benefits, such as addressing an unmet medical need, but many members of the public
disagree (De Groeve and Rosenfeld, 2022).
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Further, it has been also seen that the supports who are in favour of the animal testing and
experimentation are tend to make the judgment that the animal experimentation tend to put and
leads to great benefits for the humanity thus, it needs and tend to be morally acceptable to harm a
few animals. Further, the judgement has been also made the equivalency case against is the level
of suffering for the animals involved in experimentation is tend to be to high as compared to the
benefits of the humanity thus, it does not provide and supports any moral justification in support
of this suffering. Thus, experimentation on animals has tend to rise as an ethical issue that has
pitted and catted for leading of pro experimentation activity and ethical concern are rising to
supports the animal rights activists that is being strongly challenging the legality of continuing
the use of the animals for experiments (da Graca and et. al., 2022). Beside this, it has been also
seen that the as result of the animal experimentation the population of animals also tend to be
dropping in a drastically manner across the world in recent times. As the many reports has shown
and reflected that the population of chimpanzees was around 2 million in 2019 that has dropped
to about 150000 in some recent years. The same decline and reduction in the population of
rabbits has been also seen as over the 3 billion rabbits they are now reduced to around 1.5
million population of rabbit (Maestri and Piscitelli, 2022). Further, the people who are against
the experimentation of animal has supported that fact that animal experimentation is tend to be
cruel, unreliable and dangerous that is unethical in nature and against the moral principles. It has
been seen that the 92% of the drugs trail conducted on animal is tend to fail in human trials that
cause the crucial conditions and death of many animals that is unethical in nature. For instance,
the history of the cancer research has reflected that the experimentation made on mouse for
curing cancer is simply not working in human. Thus, the experimentation on animal for
developing medicating is unreliable thus the suffering of animals for such experimentations is
tend to be unethical. Along with this, having any form of the dangerous animal testing such as
using drugs that causes death and other complexity in animals is tend to be totally unethical.
Along with this, it has been also seen and find out that it is unethical behaviour to sentence and
experiment on 100 million ammonals that are put in cage and laboratory which is intentional
causing a higher level of pain, loneliness and fear in animals (Telkamp and Anderson, 2022).
Further, it has been also supported by the many researchers that animal experimentation in
today’s world has become unnecessary as many forwards thinking scientists has been developed
that supports a better result of non-animal research method based on use of science that comprise
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of testing of organ through chips, organs and other human based Microdosing. Thus, the
development of the vitro technology along with the use of the human-patient simulators, and
sophisticated computer modelling as made the animal experimentation and testing unethical as it
supports and brings out a cheaper, faster, and more accurate results than animal tests that is non-
cruel and pain free (Baqual and Farooq, 2022).
Apart from this, there are many researcher and scientist who believe and tend to supports
the fact that conducting experiments on animal is ethical as animals do not get much harmed and
infected by the many of the human diseases such as the major type of heart disease along with
many types of cancer HIV, schizophrenia, etc (da Graca and et. al., 2022). Thus, is ethical to
conduct experimentation on the animals based on the cost and benefit analysis as it supports
development in quality of life of human based on creation of better medicine to cure many
diseases. But still the cruelty on animals in medical experimentation cannot be justifiable on
ground of morals and ethical principles (Showler, 2022). Thus, a common way and bath has been
developed by the government of the UK that has introduced and come up with the effective local
controls during the year of the 1998 comprises of the Ethical review process at research
institution the main aim and purpose of which is to promote and support the good animal
welfare, Along with this, many effective steps are also being undertaken to meet the animal
rights of equal treatment based on human science by ensuring the an independent ethical advice
and application for project licence is being needed before conducting experiments in animals that
needs to accomplish and comply with the standards of animal care and welfare (Brønstad, 2022).
Beside this, in order to supports and effective accomplished the licensing regarding the animal
welfare and mitigating the ethical issues by the way of promoting the ethical analysis the
adoption and implication of 3Rs of ethical review process has been also made. The 3Rs tend to
supports and provide the effective ethical principles for leading animal experimentation in a
moral and ethical manner by the way of reducing the negative impact of research on the animals.
The 3Rs of ethical animal extermination tend to comprises of the reduction, refinement and
replacement. To make the animal experimentation moral and ethical it is required by the scientist
and researcher to ensure the reduction in the number of animals that are used within the
experiments. For reducing the number of animals used in experimentation improvement within
the experimental techniques along with improving the data analysis techniques and supporting
the better sharing of the information with the other researcher could be made. Beside this, the
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refinement is also supporting an ethical and moral way of leading and conducting experiments in
animals by the way of the refining the experiments in such a way the animals are well cared for
and also reduce the suffering level. the refinement of the animal experimentation comprises of
ensuring the use of the less invasive techniques along with supporting the better medical care
along with given better living condition for animal to make the experimentation morally correct
and justifiable (Thomas, 2022). Along with this, the creation and upgradation of the virtue
technology is also supporting the option of the replacement of experiments on animal through
leading better option and alternative which are more moral and ethical in nature. It has been seen
that the replacement of animal experimentation by the way of experimenting on the cell along
with using computer models and studying based on epidemiological studies are tend to be more
ethical in nature. Thus, based on current study an analysis can be made that the having cruelty in
animal experimentation is totally unethical and cannot justifiable on moral grounds. But the
implication and follow up of the 3R’s and other provision set by the ethical Review Process at
research institution are tend to improve the animal welfare during experimentation that is
supporting an ethical way of developing quality medicine for human being based in ethical
experimentation on animals (De Groeve and Rosenfeld, 2022).
CONCLUSION
On the basis of current essay, a conclusion can be made that the cruelty and pain involved in
animal experimentation based on putting millions of animals in cage and laboratory is tend to be
unethical and can be justified on moral grounds. But it has been summarised that the benefit
analysis of animal experimentation that comprises of the elimination of use of potential drugs
that are too dangerous to use of human being to develop beer medicating and clinical supports
makes it ethically approve in certain cases. But still, adopting 3Rs of ethical animal
experimentation along with following the guidelines of the ethical Review Process at research
institution are somehow supporting the animal welfare and contributing improving animal
conditions during medial experimentation.
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REFERENCES
Books and journal
Baqual, M.F. and Farooq, S., 2022. Importance of need-based and applied research for
conservation of animal fauna towards national development—an insight. In Advances in
Animal Experimentation and Modeling (pp. 315-317). Academic Press.
Brønstad, A., 2022. Harm to research animals, severity categories, and humane endpoints.
In Practical Handbook on the 3Rs in the Context of the Directive 2010/63/EU (pp. 207-
240). Academic Press.
da Graca, B. and et. al., 2022. The Ethical Evolution of Uterus Transplantation From Concept to
Clinical Procedure. Clinical Obstetrics and Gynecology, 65(1), pp.24-36.
De Groeve, B. and Rosenfeld, D.L., 2022. Morally admirable or moralistically deplorable? A
theoretical framework for understanding character judgments of vegan
advocates. Appetite, 168, p.105693.
Maestri, E. and Piscitelli, M., 2022. Ethics and law on human–animal relationship. In Practical
Handbook on the 3Rs in the Context of the Directive 2010/63/EU (pp. 1-27). Academic
Press.
Showler, P., 2022. Talking with the Better-Looking Animals: Richard Rorty on Moral Status.
In The Ethics of Richard Rorty (pp. 123-136). Routledge.
Telkamp, J.B. and Anderson, M.H., 2022. The Implications of diverse human moral foundations
for assessing the ethicality of artificial intelligence. Journal of Business Ethics, pp.1-16.
Thomas, N., 2022. Animals and Business Ethics. In Animals and Business Ethics (pp. 1-18).
Palgrave Macmillan, Cham.
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