Kashmir Conflict: Examining India-Pakistan Relations and Solutions

This report provides a comprehensive analysis of the Kashmir conflict, examining the complex interplay of international relations between India and Pakistan, with a focus on the territorial dispute over the Jammu and Kashmir region. It delves into the historical background, including the division of India in 1947, and the ongoing claims by both nations, as well as the involvement of third parties like China. The report explores the socio-economic impact on the people of Kashmir, including human rights violations, displacement, and the impact on the local economy. It also discusses the role of the United Nations, various proposed solutions, and the challenges in resolving this long-standing conflict, emphasizing the need for pragmatic strategies, demilitarization, and democratic processes to achieve a lasting resolution. The report also highlights the importance of international relations and the impact of the conflict on the development of both India and Pakistan.

IS THE KASHMIR
CONFLICT INSOLUBLE

TABLE OF CONTENT
INTRODUCTION ..........................................................................................................................2
MAIN BODY...................................................................................................................................3
CONCLUSION................................................................................................................................3
REFERENCES................................................................................................................................4

INTRODUCTION
International relationship allows nations to collaborate with other nations, share
information and pool resources. It is also considered as global issue which go far away from a
particular region or countries (Acharya and Buzan., 2019). This report will provide discussion
over the issue that if Kashmir conflict is insoluble. It will also discuss international relationship
between India and Pakistan and how international relationship affect the economy.
MAIN BODY
International relationship is broadly considered as elective of political science, especially
in United states. This is a major study about the world and the impact of culture, economics and
political on worldwide affairs. Study of international relations act as better way to grab deep
understanding of worldwide issue. International relationship is the study of relationship of nation
and different entities within international system. After studying this an individual can gain
knowledge of history, statistics, sociology, anthropology, data science, politics and economics.
The Kashmir conflict is territorial conflict of Kashmir region, between Pakistan and India in
which on several occasions china also play role of third party. These conflicts began after the
division of India (in 1947) when both Pakistan and India, claimed over the whole of the Jammu
and Kashmir region. As both nations are claiming for the portion of Jammu and Kashmir, people
living in this state suffer from repeated territorial attacks and war like situations. India controls
the half of the southern Kashmir, which is organized as state “Jammu and Kashmir”. The
religion of this state is Islam, more than 85% of people in Jammu and Kashmir are Muslim.
Kashmir was never ruled by Kashmiris, after the Mughal Kashmir is ruled by Afghans then
Sikhs and then Dogras utile the Pakistan and India states stepped in. British people divided
Indian subcontinent into two separate countries, Hindu population majority lived in Indian region
and muslin population was migrated to Pakistan (Cheema ., 2019).
The dispute over territory of Kashmir may solve only if realistic, tangible and pragmatic
strategies are fixed to set the issue on the settlement. This issue is most complex right now for
the local residents. The United Nations has unique position to play a major role as a mediator
and activist in regard of this issue by implementing a peace plan or process such as six party

talks including United nations, India, Kashmir, Russia, Pakistan and China. There is urgent
requirement of demilitarization of the conflicting area through a gradual removal of paramilitary
forces of Pakistan and India from the potion under their control. Things are getting worst in
Kashmir day by day and for solving this there is solution like converting cease fire line into
permanent boundaries. Need of democracy they should believe on leaders through the
democratic process. The relations between Pakistan and India have very complex and hostile due
to many reasons or political and historical event (Malik., 2019). The complications got worsen
after government of India replaced articles 370 of the Indian constitution, the Indian parliament
passed the reorganized act which involve provision that break down the state into two union
territories. India has committed several actions to establish human rights acts and act against
abuses of terror against the Kashmir population. Small industry makes large part of Kashmir
economy, these units are plastics goods, cement, bricks, tiles, paper products, beverages, food
products, chemicals, auto-mobile equipment etc. These business have profitability in Jammu and
Kashmir. For starting business in Kashmir small ideas are recycling business, wed design,
tourism related firm, E-commerce solution, computer services etc. are had scope in this state.
Jammu and Kashmir is famous for snow-capped mountain, scenic splendour, plentiful wildlife,
hospitable people, adventure sports, local handicrafts and sports involve trekking, paragliding,
golf, skiing and river rafting etc. Hotel industry has good scope in Kashmir because many people
travel to visit this place or plan a trip so tourism and hotels have wider scope in this state.
Majority of people support horticulture and agriculture.
Due to conflict between India and Pakistan, Kashmiri people suffer. In addition to this
due to terrorism there is always a risk of attack and people does not feel safe. Social identity
must be understood in any conflict. Humans need to maintain a dignity in whole analysis of
conflicts and thus Kashmir conflict is also not an exception. India controlled Kashmir portion
inhabited by different groups such as Hindus, Sikhs, Muslims and Buddhist. The rivalry between
Pakistan and India is a deep issue which cannot be solve or resolve in win- win solution (Akhtar,
and et.al., 2021). Many leaders and scholars view the relation of India Pakistan as zero sum game
means one is on the side of gain and other one is in loss. Consequences of these conflicts
includes: forced refugees and heavy displacement of people due to conflict between Pakistan
and India. People are migrated from poonch, udhampur, do-da and many families shifts to other
states or countries. Death rates are also increased due to violence in Kashmir as in the conflicting

zone children are kill, women are raped, people are imposed to flee. Thus this conflict is an
important problem of human rights violation. Widespread violence is escort of both violence and
conflict, due to this there is no security, no happiness, no fair environment and no peace.
Psychological impact is ever lasting due to violence and conflict for example attacks. Due to this
people of Kashmir do not have peace full environment. Pakistan and India conflict is causing
people of Kashmir suffer and government is also providing only a small compensatory amount to
individuals (women and children) whose parents and husbands were killed in terrorism attacks.
UN has taken many drives with an eye to solve this conflicts on different occasions. The security
council of both countries were asked for meeting to take some immediate action to solve and
improve the situation. UN commission for Pakistan and India gave proposals such as truce
agreement, cease-fire order and resolutions taken by both countries to take steps for immediate
cease fire, respect the cease-fire, cooperate and coordinate with UN military with the task
observance of cease-fire. However United nations failed to put Kashmir conflict to an end. The
role of UN cannot be ignored for protecting parties from war. It encouraged as well as created
pressure on conflicting parties to get fruitful and effective negotiation.
The late Indian leader put several initiatives and efforts to solve conflict as they firmly
believe that respect of each other’s authority is essential for good international relation and
peace. If this is clearly accepted then whole situation or character of relation between Pakistan
and India can be transformed and it will benefit people of both countries (Ciorciari and Haacke.,
2019). Leaders give their suggestion on protecting Kashmir conflicts such as both government
should take some action to solve this problem like arresting leaders who provoke conflicts and
does not allow solutions to be implemented and banning of schools which includes religious
indoctrination and act as felon of terrorism. Increase accountability of local authorities and
appreciation to communication between people and the thought on devolution of strength among
various regions to meet aspirations can provide some more effective solution to the conflict.
Possible solutions can be forward time to time for solving Kashmir conflicts such as good Friday
agreement, independent Kashmir, exercise of culture diplomacy, line of control in international
border, plebiscite (Fai., 2019), peace process and United Nations Trusteeship. Kashmir conflicts
are actually long-running dispute and cross border terrorism is the predominant cause of dispute
between India and Pakistan affect people of both the countries very badly. Jammu and Kashmir
have lieutenant governor, allotted by the Indian president on advice of central government.

Kashmir has good natural resources, entrepreneurial opportunities and talented people, but
economic development has been affected by economic policies, political turmoil, corruption,
lack of coordination and cooperation between Pakistan and India. Kashmiri people suffer from
this dispute and problems are also created in the growth of both the countries (Majid and Hussin.,
2020). International relations are affected by this dispute, because international relation play an
important in daily lives as world wide web, global market, foreign travel, travel and transfer of
people, idea and products are distributed and connected across the national borders. If
international relations are good, then it has good impact on country. For example, during Covid
19 many countries were facing issues and problems so if country had good relationship with
other country then it is beneficial for the nation. If country have good international relations, then
it helps in development of economy.
CONCLUSION
This report highlights the concept of international relationship and involve a brief of if
Kashmir conflict is insoluble. And what impacts of United nations suggestion on these conflicts,
and this report discuss the relationship of Pakistan and India, due to Kashmir conflict many
people migrated themselves, increase death, increase human rights violation etc. This is the high
time for understanding the importance to resolve Kashmir conflict. It is broadly realized that the
prosperity and peace of south Asia is depended on the result coming on Kashmir conflict.

REFERENCES
Books and Journals
Acharya, A. and Buzan, B., 2019. The making of global international relations. Cambridge
University Press.
Akhtar, and et.al., 2021. An analysis of Pak-India rivalry over Kashmir dispute: A conflict
resolution approach. Elementary Education Online. 20(3). pp.1979-1986.
Cheema, P.I., 2019. Pakistan, India, and Kashmir: A Historical Review. In Perspectives on
Kashmir (pp. 93-118). Routledge.
Ciorciari, J.D. and Haacke, J., 2019. Hedging in international relations: an
introduction. International Relations of the Asia-Pacific. 19(3). pp.367-374.
Fai, G.N., 2019. The Plebiscite Solution for Kashmir: Why and How. In Perspectives on
Kashmir (pp. 168-174). Routledge.
Majid, D.A. and Hussin, D.M., 2020. Kashmir: A conflict between India and Pakistan. South
Asian Studies, 31(1).
Malik, I.H., 2019. The Kashmir Dispute: A Cul-de-Sac in Indo-Pakistan Relations?.
In Perspectives on Kashmir (pp. 299-318). Routledge.