The Impact of KFC on South Africa: A Business Project Report (BUS101)

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MANAGING A SUCCESSFUL BUSINESS PROJECT
KFC

Table of Contents
INTRODUCTION........................................................................................................................1
LO1........................................................................................................................................... 2
INTRODUCTION-...................................................................................................................2
PROJECT............................................................................................................................... 2
PROJECT MANAGEMENT......................................................................................................2
TITLE..................................................................................................................................... 2
PROJECT SCOPE/AIM............................................................................................................2
PROJECT OBJECTIVES............................................................................................................3
PROJECT’S ORGANISATIONAL STRUCTURE...........................................................................3
RESOURCES.......................................................................................................................... 3
COSTS................................................................................................................................... 3
COMMUNICATION MATRIX..................................................................................................4
RISKS.....................................................................................................................................4
CONTROL..............................................................................................................................6
WORK BREAKDOWN STRUCTURE (WBS)..............................................................................7
GANTT CHART...................................................................................................................... 8
CRITICAL EVALUATION OF THE PROJECT MANAGEMENT PROCESS.....................................9
CONCLUSION........................................................................................................................9
LO2......................................................................................................................................... 10
QUALITATIVE RESEARCH.................................................................................................... 10
QUANTITATIVE RESEARCH..................................................................................................10
ADVANTAGES AND DISADVANTAGES OF USING INTERVIEW AND QUESTIONNAIRE
TECHNIQUES.......................................................................................................................12
LO3......................................................................................................................................... 14
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ANALYSIS OF QUALITATIVE DATA......................................................................................14
ANALYSIS OF QUANTITATIVE DATA....................................................................................15
ADVANTAGES AND DISADVANTAGES OF USING APPLIED DATA ANALYSIS TECHNIQUES. .19
RECOMMENDATIONS.........................................................................................................20
LO4......................................................................................................................................... 21
VALUE OF CONDUCTING THE PROJECT..............................................................................21
REFLECTION ON OWN LEARNING.......................................................................................22
CRITICAL EVALUATION AND REFLECTION ON THE PROJECT OUTCOMES, THE DECISION-
MAKING PROCESS AND CHANGES OR DEVELOPMENTS OF THE INITIAL PROJECT
MANAGEMENT PLAN......................................................................................................... 22
CONCLUSION.......................................................................................................................... 24
REFERENCES........................................................................................................................... 25
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INTRODUCTION
This assignment report is fundamentally based on analysing the impact of a large multi-
national organisation on the business environment of the host country. In order to produce
an effective report, the impact of a specific multinational organisation ‘’KFC” on the business
environment of the specific country “South Africa” will be evaluated. For successfully carry
out the project, the essential elements and aspects of a business project will be applied
(Maumbe, 2012). Primarily, a proper project management plan involving aims, objectives,
scope, communication, cost, resources, time, risks and quality along with project milestones
will be prepared to provide proper direction to the project (Kerzner and Kerzner, 2017).
Further, small-scale research will be planned and implemented to generate knowledge to
support the project. The collected research will be analysed to formulate a meaningful
conclusion and recommendation to meet the stated research objectives. At last, a reflection
on the research process and own learning and performance will be presented to analyse
project management process and own performance.
Kentucky Fried Chicken (KFC) is a fast food restaurant chain based in America. It is the
second largest restaurant chain across the world that serves in more than 136 countries
with around 22,621 locations. It specialises in fried Chicken and burgers. It is the first
American fast food chain, which has expanded internationally by opening its outlets in
Canada, UK, Jamaica, and Mexico in the mid-1960s. In present, KFC is more than 23 billion
dollar business that provides employment to large people (KFC, 2019). The majority of the
KFC restaurants are owned and operated by franchise partners.
KFC has a great opportunity in the emerging African market. There are around 828 KFC’s
restaurants in South Africa and it dominates the fast food market in the country. South
Africa is the 25th largest country and 24th most populous nation in the world. South Africa is
a multiethnic society that encompasses a wide variety of cultures, languages, and religions
(Igumbor, et al., 2012). It is one of the most industrialised countries in Africa.
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LO1
INTRODUCTION-
In LO1, the meaning and definition of project and project management will be discussed. A
project title would be selected and the project aims, objectives will be determined along
with the formulation of the project management plan by incorporating essential aspects of a
project. The overall project management process would be critically evaluated to analyse
the effectiveness of the project.
PROJECT
A project is a collaborative activity that involves careful planning of the research or design to
achieve a particular goal. It is a temporary endeavour that is initiated to create a unique
product or results (Harrison and Lock, 2017). It could be defined as the planned set of
interrelated tasks that should be executed over a fixed period within certain limitations and
costs.
PROJECT MANAGEMENT
Project management is the practice of initialising, planning, implementing, monitoring,
controlling and completing teamwork to achieve specific goals and objectives within a
limited time (Walker, 2015).
TITLE
“Analysing the economic, social and environmental impact of KFC on the business
environment of South Africa”
PROJECT SCOPE/AIM
This project research is aimed at identifying and analysing the social, economic and
environmental impact of a multinational business organisation KFC on the business
environment of the host country i.e. South Africa. This project would enable in
understanding the extent to which a multinational business organisation impact on the
economy, community, and environment of a host country. This project will only cover the
social, economic and environmental aspect and does not cover legal or political ones. This
project would facilitate in understanding the positive and negative impact of a multinational
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organisation on a host country as due to globalisation more and more multinational
organisations are expanding their business into new emerging markets. This project is set to
complete within 8 weeks of the project planning with an estimated cost of $150,000 by
ensuring great project quality.
PROJECT OBJECTIVES
 To evaluate the social impact of KFC on South Africa in the present business
environment
 To evaluate the economic impact of KFC on South Africa in the present business
environment
 To evaluate the environmental impact of KFC business on South Africa in the present
business environment
PROJECT’S ORGANISATIONAL STRUCTURE
The several resources of an organisation such as people, process and technology are used to
operate a project. The organisational structure of a project has a major impact on project
execution. It facilitates in deciding resources, methods and all the essential aspects of a
project (Burke, 2013). The pure project structure will be followed in the project where the
project manager is in control of the project and involved individuals are assigned to different
roles.
RESOURCES
The fundamental resources required for this project are man, material, equipment, funds,
and information. The project members involving a team of around 20 will be sourced from
within the organisation along with the available equipment and material. The funds will be
sourced from the project budget of the organisation.
COSTS
Costs are the essential part of a project. The project cost is estimated, maintained and
controlled through employing the techniques of cost control such as budgeting, cash flow
statement and cost-breakdown structure. Budgeting would support in estimating the overall
cost of the project and allocating required funds to complete the project as specified (Burke,
2013). Cash flow statement helps in managing the inflow and outflow of cash throughout
the project implementation and the cost breakdown structure support in assigning the
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required cost to each project activity. The total budget of the project is estimated at around
$150,000.
ACTIVITIES COST
Project planning $5,000
Human resource $70,000
Equipment $33,000
Materials $24,500
Processing expenses $10,000
Other expenses $7,500
Total 150,000
COMMUNICATION MATRIX
A communication is an assessment tools that helps in freely understanding the
communication status, progress, and form of communication.
INFORMATION RECEIVER TIMING OF
COMMUNICATION
METHOD OF
COMMUNICATIO
N
SENDER
Drafts and
documents
Project
manager
As and when
required
e-mail shared
drive
Team
Project status
report
Project
manager and
overseeing VP
weekly E-mail Project
manager or
team
Expense
approval
Project
manager and
overseeing VP
As and when
required
E-mail or calls Team or
project
manager
Work request
(internal)
Relevant
department
As and when
required
e-mail Project
manager
Request for
review
Team
members
As and when
required
e-mail Project
manager or
team
RISKS
Risks are the inseparable part of any business or research project. The prime risks to every
project are technical risks, external risks, and project-related risks. The technical risks
involve lost of data and electricity etc. external risks involves changes in the external
environment such as uncertain natural or political events and the project- related risks
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involves lack of funds and time (Burke, 2013). The external risks may not be mitigated
effectively, but the other two can be solved through a proper risk management plan.
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RISK IMPLICATIONS RISK LEVEL IMPACT MITIGATION
Delay in project Adversely affect the
project outcomes
and results
medium high By formulating an
effective time
management plan
Technical errors Delay in project
activities
medium medium By keeping an extra
copy of files and
back-up
Lack of funds The project quality
get affected
High low Through proper
management and
control of cost
CONTROL
Proper control of the project activities at each level is very important to ensure successful
completion of the project on time. The different control techniques like control chart, flow
chart and quality control chart can be applied in this project. The control chart is used to
assess the changes in the process over time while, the quality control chart is used to
determine whether the project processes are meeting with intended specifications or not
(Meredith and Mantel Jr, 2011). For this project quality control chart is more appropriate to
maintain the quality throughout the project and to ensure that all the project activities are
performed according to the set plan.
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WORK BREAKDOWN STRUCTURE (WBS)
A work-breakdown structure represented a deliverable-oriented breakdown of the overall
project into small manageable tasks.
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Work-breakdownStructureProjectPlanningSettingOfProjectObjectivesProjectManagementPlanSmall-scaleResearchQualitativeResearch-LiteratureReviewQuantitativeResearch-SurveyQuestionnaireAnalysisAndConclusionDraftingFinalFile

GANTT CHART
A Gantt chart will represent the different project activities and tasks against the scheduled
time to ensure that all the project members have clear idea about the required time for
every project activity and the project activities are performed within the specified time
(Meredith and Mantel Jr, 2011).
Activity/weeks 1st 2nd 3rd 4th 5th 6th 7th 8th
Identification of the
research area
Deciding aims and
objectives
Formulating project plan
Literature review
Survey questionnaire
Data analysis
Determining results and
conclusions
Project evaluation and
monitoring
Preparing final draft
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CRITICAL EVALUATION OF THE PROJECT MANAGEMENT PROCESS
This project is initiated through a proper planning and decision making to implement the
project successfully. The planning process has involved all the essential factors that could
affect the project performance or quality of the project during its implementation. During
the project planning the different aspects of the project such as quality, scope, time, cost,
resources, and risks has been critically analysed and decided to ensure that the project does
not lack in any means (Kerzner and Kerzner, 2017). Although, the project planning has
required higher time than decided, due to inexperience or lack of knowledge of project
management. It could be done faster by listing all the resources and requirements in
correspondingly. This project involves several stakeholders such as employees, community,
and customers. More stakeholders could be involved by widening the project topic.
However, involvement if more stakeholders could also hinder the project activities.
This project management cost could also be reduced by utilising technology at the different
stages of the project. This would support in removing unnecessary labour cost and support
in saving project time along with high accuracy and efficiency. Such as using software for
survey questionnaire or searching online sources for secondary data collection. Moreover, in
order to be more understandable for the project members, this project could also involve
more tables and representations so that every team member should have clear idea about
what to perform and when to perform.
CONCLUSION
The aforementioned information has contained all the essential elements to answer the
LO1. It has covered the meaning of project and project management along with the
essential aspects and methods of project planning such as aims, objectives, scope, cost,
time, resources, risks and communication. It has also involved the different tools and
techniques of project management such as WBS, Gantt chart, communication matrix,
organisational structure, and risk management plan to carry out the project successfully.
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