Analyzing Language Barriers: Doctors, Immigration, Patient Care Issues

This report explores the language dilemma in healthcare arising from immigration, focusing on the challenges faced by doctors and patients due to language barriers. It begins with a research proposal outlining the aims, objectives, questions, and rationale for the study. A literature review ex...Read More

Running head: LANGUAGE DILEMMA
Language dilemma
(Doctors, immigration and patient care)
Name of the student:
Name of the university:
Author Note

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Executive summary
The escaping of repression, war and poverty along with family reunification has led to language
dilemma between healthcare and illegal immigrants. In the following study various research
aims, objectives, questions and rationale are discussed. A literature review is further conducted
along with methods and methodologies for collecting data. Next, the expected outcomes and
temporal plan for the research is demonstrated. Further, the research project is implemented
under various agreed procedures. Lastly, the research outcomes are evaluated.

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Table of Contents
1. Task 1: Research Proposal......................................................................................................4
1.1. Title of the Research:...............................................................................................4
1.2. Introduction:.............................................................................................................4
1.3. Research Aims:........................................................................................................4
1.4. Research Objectives:................................................................................................5
1.5. Research Questions:.................................................................................................5
1.6. Research Rationale:..................................................................................................6
1.7. Literature Review:....................................................................................................6
1.8. Methodology and Methods for Data Collection:......................................................7
1.9. Expected Outcomes:.................................................................................................8
1.10. Temporal research Plan..........................................................................................8
2. Task 2: Implementing the research project.............................................................................9
2.1. Introduction:.............................................................................................................9
2.2. Testing the research questions:..............................................................................10
2.3. Undertaking the research investigation as per the procedures and specifications: 11
3.4. Collecting data for the research methods demonstrated:.......................................13
2.5. Conclusion:.............................................................................................................14
3. Task 3: Evaluating the research outcomes:...........................................................................15
3.1. Introduction:...........................................................................................................15

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3.2. Evaluating the research:.........................................................................................15
3.2. Interpretation and result in terms of present research specification:......................16
3.3. Recommendations for improving the scenario:.....................................................17
3.4. Conclusion:.............................................................................................................18
4. References.............................................................................................................................19

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1. Task 1: Research Proposal
1.1. Title of the Research:
The chosen topic of the research is “Language Dilemma: Doctors, immigration and
patient care”.
1.2. Introduction:
Research has been undertaken in order to assess the problems faced as a result of the
immigration of the doctors. The language dilemma can be a major concern in patient care.
Research is undertaken in order to analyze the problems under the context of patient care faced
as due to the immigration of the doctors. Further, the overcoming of various language barriers in
the field of healthcare becomes an essential protocol. This is to ensure safe and smart and
effective patient care. This research is necessary as a miscommunication in the healthcare sector
often becomes life threatening (Sleptsova et al. 2014). The research will be evaluating the effects
of the communication error between a healthcare practitioner and a patient, mainly in times when
they are speaking a second language. The research proposal aims in the identification of the
major aims, objectives and the research questions that will be evaluated in the research. The
research report will be identifying the research rationale and will collect primary data by
evaluating the previously published literature and journals in the literature review section of the
research report.
1.3. Research Aims:
The research aims are understanding the issues faced by the doctors and the patients as a
result of the language barrier. The language barrier among a patient and a doctor can mainly

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occur because of immigration. Immigration is quite common across the globe, and therefore, this
is a persisting problem throughout the world. The research has been undertaken with an aim of
addressing the risks associated with the language barrier and patient care.
The language barrier indicates an increased risk of medication errors and implications. In
certain cases, it can result in certain adverse events. This issue is mainly faced by limited English
proficient patients.
1.4. Research Objectives:
The various types of research objectives for the present research undertaken are
demonstrated as follows-
 To determine the problems inpatient care due to a language barrier
 To identify the issues faced by the immigrant doctors and patient
 To analyze the risks of patients care due to a language barrier
 To recommend effective strategies for managing the issues that are faced due to
the language barrier
1.5. Research Questions:
The research questions associated with the research are as follows-
 What are the major risks and issues faced by the patient and doctors as a result of
language barrier?
 How can the identified risks and issues be mitigated?

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1.6. Research Rationale:
Different types of encounters taking place between the patients and various physicians
who commonly never speak a common language are always been relatively common across the
world. This has been particularly in urban settings. It has been observed that language
discordance cab have an important effect on the health outcomes of the patients including
mortality. Therefore, language barrier can be considered as one of the most significant issues in
healthcare. The report aims to explore the impact of language barrier on patient’s safety along
with the problems that the doctors generally face as a result of immigration. Moving to a new
country might not necessarily indicate learning a new language. This language barrier between a
patient and a doctor can be life-threatening at times (de Zulueta 2015). The research will be
evaluating the major problems that the doctors and the patients can face because of a language
barrier between them. Choice of this research topic is justified as it aims in providing a solution
to the major research problems. However, a significant amount of researches have been already
conducted in this field. Those researches will help in collection of primary data associated with
the research. The research has undertaken aims in identification and understanding of the major
issues related to language barrier and will try to find a solution to them. Thus, the choice of this
research topic and evaluation of this research is justified.
1.7. Literature Review:
Parsons et al. (2014), states that the various kinds of encounters taking place between the
patients and various physicians never speak the same language. This has been quite common
across the world. Language has an important effect on health outcome and the morality of the
patients. Miscommunication in healthcare proved to be life-threatening. Therefore, it is quite

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necessary to overcome the language barrier that is been related to the provided patient care
services.
Silva et al. 2016 argue that the language barrier has a large influence on health quality
and outcomes. Patients with limited knowledge of English might face problems while conversing
with a doctor outside the country. Therefore language barrier can be considered as a persisting
problem that raises a concerning question about how this problem can be addressed.
The non-citizen immigrant patients or doctors of a country might face issues while
providing or receiving patient care. For an instance, as a doctor only knows to speak in English
while the patient does not know the language, it would be a situation of chaos. The patient would
not be able to commute his/her problems with the doctor while the doctor will not be able to
understand the patients’ problem.
The language barrier can result in language discordance and judgment of the doctors.
Communication should be good enough between the physicians and the patients so that proper
healthcare is provided to the patients.
1.8. Methodology and Methods for Data Collection:
The research methodology is related to the identification and analysis of the tools and
techniques that can help in conducting the research (Kumar 2019). It is quite essential to choose
a particular research methodology in conducting a research study as it is quite vital for managing
and conducting the research.

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The research will be collecting on only primary data for the research (Johnston 2017).
The data collection from primary sources includes the collection of data from primary sources
such as research journals and previously published literature.
The collected data will undergo qualitative analysis. Qualitative data analysis involves
the evaluation of the collected data by making use of concepts and theories (Cheng and Phillips
2014). It generally does not involve statistical analysis of data (Silverman 2016). The data
analysis will help in achieving the expected outcomes.
1.9. Expected Outcomes:
The research is expected to identify the issues faced by the doctors and patients as a result
of a language barrier. It has been observed that the language barrier between a patient and a
doctor can occur as a result of immigration. The research is expected to recommend strategies
with which the problems of the language barrier can be managed or reduced. The extensive
collection of data and analysis of data can help the analysis find answers to the identified
research questions.
1.10. Temporal research Plan
The research plan that is prepared for this research project is indicated in the picture
below:

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Figure 1: “The Research Schedule”
(Source: Created by Author)
2. Task 2: Implementing the research project
2.1. Introduction:
The language dilemma of patients is a type of abuse. This leads to the deficit to meet the
basic need of the patient. This includes failure to deliver proper health care, nutrition, clothing,
supervision, housing and social, educational, physical and necessities of security. It is believed
by the society that the requirements of the behaviors are the caregivers providing patients to
develop emotionally, socially and physically. The reasons behind language dilemma have been
resulting in various issues of doctoring like poverty, unplanned pregnancy, unemployment,
domestic violence, substance abuse and mental disorders.

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In this study, the research hypothesis and questions are tested with the agreed plan of
action and various types of ethical boundaries. The proposed research analysis is undertaken as
per the agreed procedures and specifications. The data is collected through the various explained
methods.
2.2. Testing the research questions:
Here primary data analysis is performed. Here, this refers to the use of current research
data in finding the answer to the above questions from the main activities. This is helpful to
make the storage, compiling and data sharing easier and quicker. At the same time, there have
been fresh concerns present here regarding security and data confidentiality (Briggs 2018). The
primary sources have provided the original materials. The other researchers are based on these
materials. This has been helpful for the researchers to get as close as possible in understanding
the case of language dilemma. The current primary sources have been reflecting the individual
perspective of the observer and participant. Moreover, in this scientific research, the primary
sources considered has been presenting original reports on discoveries, original thinking and
sharing the latest information (Kennedy 2016). Besides, as the data consists of the determination
of data on information and participants linked to determine the participants, a total review of the
proposal is made through the help of the board. Here, the researcher needs to demonstrate the
reason why this has been unavoidable to determine the information in answering the research
questions. They must also indicate the ways in which the privacy of the participants and data
confidentiality has been secured. As the concerns have been addressed suitably, the researcher is
able to request for any another type of waiver of consent (Saadati and Heydari 2016).

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However, as the data is available freely over books, public forum of the Internet, further
permission for usage and analysis is been deployed. Besides, the ownership of the main
information of the main information is also acknowledged (Hindman 2016). Since this study is a
part of another analysis, the information might not be available freely. This is expecting the main
research team done explicitly. Here the written permission for the using the data is retrieved
through the team and involved in deploying the ethical clearance.
2.3. Undertaking the research investigation as per the procedures and specifications:
In this study, the primary data analysis is done from reviewing various prior reviewed
articles. This includes non-original and second-hand information and data. The first-hand
information denotes that the research is done from analyzing the own account of the author. This
is done on the language dilemma taking place among doctors and patients happening due to
immigration and patient care.
The research summaries that are found to be reported has been providing a worldwide
description of outcomes having minor details on the methodologies. This is a type of retrieving
data scientifically that has its individual life cycle. This is born from the idea of patient language
dilemma and maturing and turning to be available for the public (Hurd 2016). At first, it has been
appearing under the invisible experts in the area of health and social care. These are been already
discussed and the posted as the pre-prints for corrections and comments. Then they have been
appearing in the published literature often as the journal articles and under peer-reviewed
journals. Moreover, the researchers are able to utilize the alerting and indexing of services of this
present primary literature. This is to seek what has been found to publish in that area (Metcalfe et
al. 2016). Relying on the amount of data included to the abstractor or indexer, this has taken

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some months through the electronic publication has been ending up the overall process.
Ultimately the data has been appearing in reference sources that are popular. This is also
indicated as tertiary literature.
For finding the issues with patient language dilemma at social and health care, the
literature search is done in reverse order. At first, the tertiary sources are used regarding the
common background. Then the primary literature is done for surveying what has been published.
This is followed by seeking primary or original sources and creating the individual idea of
research (Tingle 2017). The textbooks are the most crucial source to seek the theories and
models that are related to this area of research. Here, the research is done on the most respected
authorities of the subject of patient language dilemma and seek more lasted edition of various
types of books that are authored by those writers. Next. Different industry-specific magazines are
used that is a risk in terms of the scholarly articles and are efficient sources to examine the latest
developments and trends in that sector (Gul and Gurkan 2018). As per the study the industry
magazines are considered, they are regarded as the most enjoyable element of the present
literature review. This has happened assuming that the chosen field or patient language dilemma
has been representing the area of the professional interest and this is the care anyways. Further,
various versions of the online articles are found for the above sources. The levels of
dependability of the articles have been compromised highly relying on the source. This is
because of greater levels of simplicity where the articles have been published over the Internet
(Estévez et al. 2017). However, it is seen that the opinions that have been offered regarding
patient language dilemma in social and health care under a broad range of discussion blogs over
the Internet have been not been usually utilized in the reviewing of literature. At the same time,
the researchers have been needed to be keen on a broad range of blogs. This happens until the

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blogs are been authored by respected authorities in the area of patient language dilemma under
the scenario of social and health care (Paavilainen and Flinck 2016).

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3.4. Collecting data for the research methods demonstrated:
The current primary sources have been contemporary to the people and events described.
It has shown no or minimal mediation between the sources and the creators. It is seen from the
statistics from the U.K. governments national patient abuse and neglecting the data has shown
that about 80% of the more than 500,000 victims of patient abuse has reported being suffered by
the neglected by the caretakers and doctors. Some of the variations like withholding the affection
that is tricky to detect with other types of specifically neglected are also noticed. In the
followings section, some of the data analyzed are listed.
 The analysis of when to “get help” or “get buy” for facilitating communication
has been seen as a variable and fluid process.
 Taking decisions on which strategy to utilize has been depending on three inter-
related factors. They are the ease of availability or use of translation aids, acuity of the
situation, time or time constraints.
 Different participants who are reported at time has been experiencing conflict
regarding their decisions. This has portrayed some clinical encounters. It has been taking as the
form of troubling space where they have been experiencing one or more type of dilemmas that
are related to ideal versus the real practice, informed consent and responsibility.
 Various ethnic groups have been preferring not to be informed directly to the
diagnosis that has been life-threatening.
 It is witnessed at cultural groups where the patients have been directly informed
about various serious types of prognosis. The family members have been wanting the
physicians to discuss the condition of the patient only with the family members.

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 While considering the therapeutic scopes, the physicians have been considering
the members of various cultural groups has been preferring their family members. This is
instead of patients and making treatment decisions.
 Further, the direct discussion of various advance therapeutic and directive support
levels has been undesirable. This is in situations where they are seen as potentially harmful to
the well beings of patients.
 As the communication between the physical and patient has been occurring
through the help of translators, the translators of trained health care has been making some
errors than the untrained translators.
2.5. Conclusion:
However, it can be concluded by saying that there are various answers to the above
concerns. First, of poor skills at the societal level and various unloving relationships are one of
the root cause. The neglectful doctors are socially distinct and face trouble to invest in their
relationship having emotions. The above study shows that the cases of language discordances,
the decision of the physician to “get help” versus “get by” has been resting on the judgment of
the whether the communication has been seen smart enough in processing. It has been relying on
the cases of particular encounters. Here, the tension has been set up between the ideal and that
has been possible practically is experienced as the dilemma by different physicians. Further, the
above analysis has implications for policy and practice in various multilingual settings. This also
indicates that the current day physicians have needed a greater amount of support.

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3. Task 3: Evaluating the research outcomes:
3.1. Introduction:
Immigration and language dilemma to the patient refers to the failure of the doctors to
give for the development, both health and psychological to their patient. Clear communication
has been seen as integral to high-quality medical care. Besides, physicians have been
encountering situations frequently in places where efficient communication has been
complicated.
Immigration and language dilemma is consequently recognized from conditions of
neediness in that disregard can happen just in situations where sensible resources are accessible
to the family or doctors to provide the same to their patient. Here, the research is evaluated, the
results are evaluated and interpreted. Further, different recommendations are made for the case.
3.2. Evaluating the research:
The outcomes of the above research have revealed various complexities that have been
beyond linguistic problems about the immigrant’s contact with different types of healthcare
services. Besides, the issues are rooted under various diversities in cultural aspects and
healthcare services (Kershen 2017). The view of immigrants by the approach of healthcare
professionals and healthcare systems has been providing healthcare with various the issues that
are mentioned below.
 Failures to act, or exclusions that outcome in damage to or that make a significant
risk of damage to the physical, enthusiastic, and additionally psychological improvement of the
patient.

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 The impacts of an example of direct, conduct, or inaction by a doctor or caregiver
in giving for the physical, passionate, and formative needs of the patient. T
 The impacts of perpetual disappointment on the part of a doctor or gatekeeper to
perform essential doctoral capacities, commitments, and obligations, when the outcome is to
cause damage. This can also make a generous danger of damage to the physical, enthusiastic, as
well as subjective improvement of a patient (Hampl et al. 2016).
 The results of the immigration and language dilemma on the patient can lead to
various impact. During acculturation, there satisfactory social relationship taking place between
native populations and immigrants and this is important.
 The analysis indicates there are obvious challenges to effective and real social
interaction taking place between immigrants and numerous native population under resettlement
nations.
 The immigrants have been finding it difficult to seek jobs at the resettlement areas
is an evident instance of the problem with acculturation and social interaction.
3.2. Interpretation and result in terms of present research specification:
It is seen that diversity, health literacy and cultures have been restricting the immigrants
to adopt the health care system in different resettlement nations. Besides, there is a lack of
sufficient data for the immigrants has also been mentioned (Davis 2016).
Because of huge migration due to disasters and wars since previous decades, the health
systems have been witnessing different cultural traditions. Here, healthcare professionals and
systems have been challenged by various values and human rights. For minimizing complexities

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to provide services of healthcare to patients having distinct cultural backgrounds, the healthcare
professionals have required cultural competence.
A wide range of abuse can influence a patient's passionate, mental and mental prosperity,
also, these results may show up promptly or years after the abuse. The quick and various longer-
term effect of maltreatment. This can be incorporated into issues with psychological wellness.
Here, for instance, this includes nervousness, despondency, substance abuse, dietary problems,
self-damaging conduct, outrage and animosity (Greysen et al. 2017).
3.3. Recommendations for improving the scenario:
They are discussed hereafter.
 A dependable service of translation is to be used. As one is working around
international offices, enlisting is helpful to sue qualified translator or seen the service of
translation meeting the necessities.
 The interpreters are to be enlisted. As one has a current bilingual employee, the
dependable interpreters must assure that there is no instruction or information been missed
because of the barrier of language. Moreover, repetition is to be done. This is because the people
require to hear anything more than one time to remember to understand that.
 New ways must be explored for systematic study. This must be done at micro-
level analysis. This is the type of language barriers under healthcare communication.
 Specific aspects of language barriers must be addressed in healthcare
communication. This must be done in such a way that this informs the designing of various
programs regarding language training for clinicians.

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 Different research agendas regarding future must be articulated. This must be for
applied works, empirical and theoretical tasks. This must be aimed at overcoming the problems
on language issues under healthcare delivery. This can take place under remote and rural
healthcare and indigenous communities.
3.4. Conclusion:
The language barriers might be an issue. However working with various people of
distinct backgrounds and cultures are what that drives success, creativity and innovation. The
language barriers must not stand the method to embrace anything that the distinct workplace has
been offering. The above study shows that there have been various socio-cultural differences
taking place between the providers. This analyzes the necessity to develop the coordination and
structure along with developing the health literacy of the migrants. Various intentions are to be
outreached through the help of community health educators. They must be warranted to educate
the migrants regarding health problems in proper languages having culturally related activities
and information.

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