Laser Safety and Hazard Control: HBD2203 Assignment, Semester 2, 2018

This assignment addresses laser principles and safety, covering various aspects of laser operation in a healthcare setting. It begins by identifying five hazards associated with laser operation, providing examples for each, including electrical hazards, explosion hazards, compressed gases hazards, flammability hazards, and hazards from laser-generated air contaminants. The assignment then explores the likelihood of adverse effects from laser plume inhalation, highlighting potential health risks and the need for further research. It also outlines the procedures for reporting a laser incident, detailing who is responsible for writing the report and who needs to be notified. Furthermore, the assignment includes the mandatory information required on entryway signs for Class 4 lasers and defines the responsibilities of various personnel within a laser safety committee. The assignment references relevant standards and provides a comprehensive overview of laser safety protocols and hazard control methods. This assignment is a valuable resource for understanding and implementing safe laser practices in a clinical environment.

Running head: LASER PRINCIPLE AND SAFETY
Laser Principle and Safety
Name of the Student
Name of the University
Author note

2LASER PRINCIPLE AND SAFETY
Week 7 and 8
Qa. 5 hazards associated with laser operation with example
The five laser operation hazards that has the potential to impose negative impact on
the patients includes electrical hazards, explosion hazards, compressed gasses hazards,
flammability hazards and hazards from laser generated air contaminants.
Hazard types Example
Electrical hazards Due to the usage of huge power supplies as well as repetitive pulsed laser, a
great risk of electric shock is there. This shock usually takes place when the
healthcare service users works with equipments that are not appropriately
grounded or posses a huge capacitor bank that has not been discharged.
Explosion hazards Due to the usage of high-pressure arc lamps, filament lamps, and capacitor
banks in laser equipment the second hazard takes place (Versteeg et al.,
2015). These items should be enclosed in housings that can endure the high
pressure resulting from exploding of these components.
Compressed gasses
hazards
The third hazard, that is compressed gases occurs since several lasers are
used that comprises hazardous gases like chlorine, fluorine, hydrogen
chloride, and hydrogen fluoride. Major example of this hazard includes free-
standing cylinder handling process that are not separated from the operators.
The inability to protect open cylinders from atmosphere and contaminants is
the major constrain in this situation (Flemming, 2015).
Flammability
hazards
When it comes to fire hazards, there prevails a good chance for a fire hazard
to happen with the class four lazar users. Fire accidents can takes place when
a class four laser is enclosed in a matter, which is exposed to irradiances.
Hazards from laser
generated air
contaminants
Finally, lazar generated air contaminants also known as cloud of
contaminants bears potential hazard both for the healthcare service providers
as well as healthcare service users. Some of the major example of air
contaminants includes a range from metallic fumes and dust, chemical
fumes, and aerosols containing biological contaminants (Versteeg et al.,
2015).

3LASER PRINCIPLE AND SAFETY
Qb. Likelihood of adverse effects resulting from laser plume inhalation
Laser plume can bear the potential hazard to both healthcare service users as well as health
care service providers. Direct exposure to laser plumes posses the potential to negetive
impact on the health of the same. Other workplaces where laser plumes inhalation causes
negative impact includes veterinary clinics, dental clinics, cosmetic treatment clinics,
laboratories and others. More than 29 percent of lazar associated healthcare issues includes
laser plumes issues. Healthcare symptoms that takes place from plume exposure involves
nose, eye as well as throat irritation. Currently, no further evidence of any long term as well
as short term health effects has been obtained . According to researchers, more and more
studies are required. However, hazardous materials like carcinogens, mutagens and irritants
have been found in laser plumes. Along with that, The human papilloma virus (HPV) DNA
and the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) has also been found in the plume.
Qc.
Delegated to write the report: The laser operator is delegated to write the report
Needs to be notified about incident occurring: personnel who needs to be notified about
the report includes immediate supervisor, hazard recovery unit of the organization, ENT
medical team, the family of the health care service users.
Checklist of immediate actions:
Activity Checklist
1. Immediately pausing the operation
2. Reporting to the immediate
supervisors

4LASER PRINCIPLE AND SAFETY
LASER PROTECTION REQUIRED
Nd:YAG LASER
CLASS IV LASER PRODUCT
5J MAX PULSE, 20 MAX PPS AT 1064 nm
DANGER
INVISIBLE LASER
RADIATION
AVOID EYE OR SKIN
EXPOSURE
TO DIRECT OR SCATTERED RADIATION
3. Calling the hazard and emergency
support team
4. Initiation of the primary recovery
procedure
5. Informing the family
Week 9, 10 and 11
Qa. The mandatory information on entryway signs to laser rooms housing a Class 4
1064nm Nd:YAG laser
Qb Laser Safety Committee

5LASER PRINCIPLE AND SAFETY
Personnel Responsibilities
Business Manager Granting fund and making final decision
Senior Dermal Clinician He or she will be reported in case any issues
have taken place. Seconly he/she will
supervise the action taken by the
subordinates
Dermal clinician Treat patient
Dermal Clinician Treat patients
Cosmetic Nurse Conduct cosmetic surgery (Bigotta, 2016)
Beauty Therapist Assess the skin of the patient and Provide
suggestion
Receptionist Welcome and greet the health care service
users.

6LASER PRINCIPLE AND SAFETY
Reference:
Versteeg, R. J., Few, D. A., Kinoshita, R. A., Johnson, D., & Linda, O. (2015). U.S. Patent
No. 8,965,578. Washington, DC: U.S. Patent and Trademark Office.
Versteeg, R. J., Few, D. A., Kinoshita, R. A., Johnson, D., & Linda, O. (2015). U.S. Patent
No. 9,213,934. Washington, DC: U.S. Patent and Trademark Office.
Bigotta, S., Diener, K., Eichhorn, M., Galecki, L., Geiss, L., Ibach, T., ... & Vincent, G.
(2016, October). Investigation on scalable high-power lasers with enhanced'eye-
safety'for future weapon systems. In High-Power Lasers 2016: Technology and
Systems (Vol. 9990, p. 999003). International Society for Optics and Photonics.
Flemming, B. K. (2015, March). A probabilistic risk assessment process for high-power
lasers on out-door ranges. In International Laser Safety Conference (Vol. 2015, No. 1,
pp. 171-180). LIA.