Leadership and Management: Theories, Roles, and Operational Impact

This report provides a comparative analysis of leaders and managers, examining their roles, characteristics, and functions within an organization, specifically using Amazon as a case study. It delves into different leadership theories and models, including situational, systems, and contingency leadership, highlighting their practical applications in various scenarios such as technological changes, sales decreases, workload management, and employee turnover. The report also explores key approaches to operations management and the significance of these approaches in achieving business objectives, while also assessing the impact of business environment factors on decision-making processes. The conclusion emphasizes the crucial role of operations management in the success of a company like Amazon, underscoring the effective implementation of management and leadership strategies.

MANAGEMENT AND
OPERATIONS

Table of Contents
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY.............................................................................................................3
INTRODUCTION...........................................................................................................................4
LOI...................................................................................................................................................4
P1 Comparison of a Leader and a Manager ..............................................................................4
LO2..................................................................................................................................................6
P2 Role of a leader and function of a manger in Different Situation..........................................6
P3 Different theories and Models of approach.........................................................................7
LO3..................................................................................................................................................8
P4 key approaches of operation management.............................................................................8
P5 Importance and Values of operations management in achieving Business objective............8
LO4..................................................................................................................................................8
P6 factor of the business environment and impact of business management on decision
making.........................................................................................................................................8
CONCLUSION................................................................................................................................8
REFERENCES................................................................................................................................9

EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
This report going through the comparison of the Leader and manage accordingly to
Roles and Characteristic and this report also going through the roles of leaders in different -
different situations and the functions of the manager on those situations. In this report also
shows that the different theories and model of leadership like Situational leadership, Systems
Leadership and Contingency leadership. It includes the key approaches of operation management
and the factor of business environment that impact on the decision making.
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INTRODUCTION
Management is the art of getting things done through and by people. Management is an essential
tool for running an organization. For the smooth flow of operations all over the organisation
proper management is needed. Whether it's a profit making organisation or a non profitable
organisation management is the governing body that is necessary.
Operations Management is the governing body which looks at the strategies at a business can use
for creating the highest level of efficiency. Amazon is a multinational company based in
Washington that aims on e-commerce, artificial intelligence and digital streaming. Amazon was
founded by Jeff Bezos in 1994 (24 years).
LOI
P1 Comparison of a Leader and a Manager
Leader:- leader is a person who motivate the group of people towards the goal and the
achievement. Leader leads the team and work with them. Individual person create working
environment and employees loves the own work.
Manger:- manage is the person who manager the company and the employees of the company.
Manger handles the department and provide the work for the employees. Individual person's
responsibility of planing and maintaining the work system and policy's and optimize the
performance of the employee(Bromiley and Rau , 2016).
Basis Manager Leader
Risk Manger try to avoid the risk or
minimize the risk. They try
avoid or control the risk rather
than increase the risk factor.
Manager of Amazon company
calculate the all risk factor and
then if necessary then take risk
otherwise always try work
without taking risk
Leader always try new things
even after the failure because he
knew that the failure is the path
of success and so he takes risk
to get success. Amazon
company's leader always
motivate the employee to take
risk in life and also takes risk in
the business.
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Relation with employee Manager of Amazon company
focus on structure which is
necessary to achieve to the goal
(Chiarini and Vagnoni 2015).
They work on individual for
their goal and focus on the
analytical way. Manager of
Amazon always focus on the
goals and the targets and the
relation with employees are
temporary and short term
relation.
Leaders build relation with
employee and leader of Amazon
Company focus on the people
and spend time with team and
provide training them for work.
Leader build relation which
work together for the long time
and leader always believe in the
long term relation(Ferguson And
et.al, 2016).
Focus Manager of Amazon always
focus on the work that how
work is going on and what kind
of issues will face on the work.
Manager at Amazon focus on
the short term things or goals.
Manger of the Amazon always
focus on the growth of the
company and manage the ways
that help the growth of the
company.
Leader always focus on that how
to lead the team and how to
motivate the employee for the
work. Leader at Amazon always
focus on the long term goals
which help the employee to
improve his own performance.
Leader focus on the personality
improvement. Learn something
new is always the focus of a
leader(Lawrence and et.al,
2015).
Approach Manager has to approach to
crate a goal which have to be
complete in the given time.
Manager works on the tactical
way. Manager of the Amazon
create goals which is need to
Leader has approach to create a
vision for the employee and
works with the strategy.
Amazon's leader always try to
create a new vision and new
strategy to improve the strength
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completed in given time and
manager has the approach for
the work and employees(Gibson
and Parkman, 2018).
of the employee. Leader always
create strategy for the task and
apply them on the task.
LO2
P2 Role of a leader and function of a manger in Different Situation
Technological Changes
In case of Amazon if there is any technological change like working platform changes,
new language adaption etc. then its manager's responsibility to make that change with in the
organisation by introducing the same method with the firm(Grant, Trautrims and Wong, 2017).
And after that its leader's job to guide the team member about the use of the updated technology,
and if needed the leader will introduce the learning session for the members about how to use it,
and the benefits about the method so that they can understand easily and can relate to the
technological change and motivate them to work hard and new technology help them to work for
the organisation to improve according to time.
Sales Decrease
In case of Amazon company if the company is not making any profit, and also the sell of
product on the Online market is also decreasing, then the manager will introduce the changes
within the firm by appointing new employees in the firm, for better production, and also by
providing the discount on the special product, and making the plan for completing the task, now
its leader's duty to motivate and guide the new employees so that they can understand the task
and can do it properly(Heizer and et.al, 2017). And also to guide the new as well as the old
employee to follow the new method. Now for guiding them, the leader will introduce a small
session to teach them how to use solve the issues of customer's in effective way.
Work Load
In the year Some session were created the heavy work load, like in case of
Amazon the demand of Online shopping were increase in the festival session. So the work load
for the company automatically increases. So now manager will appoint the work to the
employees, and the employee has to do the task on time no matter what kind of workload they
have already on that. But a leader will make the plan, and distribute the work equally to the team
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members by their capability(Kapadia , Dong and Yang, Cisco Technology Inc, 2018). Firstly
team leaders do meeting, to distribute the work, they discuss about the no. members in particular
team, and how much is their capability to do the work. And then distribute the work into the
teams, and then team leaders distribute it to the team members, that is how leader make the task
done easily and also help the employees on their task to complete(Laudon. and Laudon,, 2016).
Employee Turn over
Some time employee's left the Amazon company without informing because of some
reason, or the company requires a no. of employee and they are unable to hire that much. Now
in this situation the manager will bring up the new ideas or methods to appoint new employee to
the company like giving incentives to the employee whose friends or family member is being
appointing in the company by giving references about the post of the company. And by
marketing about the vacancy through social sites, giving the advertisement on newspaper or
using any other methods of advertisement(Lawrence and et.al, 2015). And leader's job will be by
asking the problem which is being faces by the employee who wanted to leave the company, and
also if possible then by solving that problem. Like if the employee is not getting the enough
salary, or the environment is not adjustable, or the Colleague are not supportive. Then the
leader's job is to listen the problem and if the company can help them, then the leader took the
decision to help them, and motivate them so that they don't leave the Amazon company.
P3 Different theories and Models of approach
Situational Leadership:-
In this leadership Approach Leaders try to manage the difference situation in the Amazon
Company. In the Situational leadership leader change his style of working accordingly to the
situation. This leadership is not based on the particular skills of the leader instead of that here
leader can reorganize the management style as per the existing work environment(Reid and
Sanders, 2015). Leaders can change one style to another to meet the requirements of the
employees as well as Amazon company (Situational leadership, 2019).
Systems leadership:-
System leadership enables the leaders of the Amazon company to design the conditions
where employees of all the level can work productively and efficiently as per their potential. It
creates models for good leadership, organizational strategy and social progress as well system
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design with the help of sound principle using human behaviour. It can provide tools that will
help to understand people behaviour within the Amazon Company(Bromiley and Rau, 2016).
Leaders can provide good working culture for the people, so they work efficiently and
productivity. Leaders provide training to the employees according to their capacity so that they
enhance their skills which helps to their further carrier growth(Chiarini and Vagnoni, 2015).
Contingency leadership:-
It is a special type of leadership. It states that leaders' success does not depend on his
abilities. According to these people who have different activities perform better(Grant, Trautrims
and Wong, 2017). This theory assumes that behaviours of particular person can not be changed
or modified. Sometimes situational- leadership contradict and due to this there is a frustration
came and hard for the leader to adapt the situation.
LO3
P4 key approaches of operation management
(Covered in ppt)
P5 Importance and Values of operations management in achieving Business objective
(Covered in ppt)
LO4
P6 factor of the business environment and impact of business management on decision making
(Covered in ppt)
CONCLUSION
From the above study the conclusion is that operations' management have played a very
important role for Amazon by managing as well as by leading the functions of the business, and
also explained the application of roles and functions of the operational manager in different
situations. It also stated the application of theories and models of different approaches including
the situational leadership, systems leadership as well as contingency leadership and
demonstrated the operational functions to run the organisation effectively. It described the
importance and values of operations management for amazon by providing quality services and
much more to achieve the business objectives effectively and efficiently and also helped amazon
to assess the factors that have impact on the operational management and decision making.
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REFERENCES
Books and journals
Bromiley, P. and Rau, D., 2016. Operations management and the resource based view: Another
view. Journal of Operations Management. 41. pp.95-106.
Chiarini, A. and Vagnoni, E., 2015. World-class manufacturing by Fiat. Comparison with Toyota
production system from a strategic management, management accounting, operations
management and performance measurement dimension. International Journal of
Production Research. 53(2). pp.590-606.
Ferguson, N.T. And et.al, 2016. Secure management of operations on protected virtual
machines. U.S. Patent Application 15/243,647.
Gibson, P. and Parkman, R., 2018. Cruise operations management: Hospitality perspectives.
Routledge.
Grant, D.B., Trautrims, A. and Wong, C.Y., 2017. Sustainable logistics and supply chain
management: principles and practices for sustainable operations and management.
Kogan Page Publishers.
Heizer, J. and et.al, 2017. Operations management: sustainability and supply chain management,
12/e. Pearson Education.
Kapadia, S., Dong, L. and Yang, Y., Cisco Technology Inc, 2018. Operations, administration
and management (OAM) in overlay data center environments. U.S. Patent Application
10/116,559.
Laudon, K.C. and Laudon, J.P., 2016. Management information system. Pearson Education
India.
Lawrence, M. and et.al, 2015. Transportation systems management and operations benefit-cost
analysis compendium (No. FHWA-HOP-14-032).
Reid, R.D. and Sanders, N.R., 2015. Operations Management, Binder Ready Version: An
Integrated Approach. John Wiley & Sons.
Online
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Situational leadership. 2019. [online] Available through:
<https://smallbusiness.chron.com/define-situational-leadership-2976.html>
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