Leadership- Texts and Contexts: Theories and Styles Analysis

This essay, titled "Leadership- Texts and Contexts," delves into various leadership theories and styles, providing a comprehensive analysis of transformational, contingency, charismatic, and situational leadership. The introduction defines leadership and its significance, followed by an examination of key areas such as transformational leadership, which emphasizes inspiration and intellectual stimulation. Contingency leadership is discussed for its focus on preparing teams for future challenges, while charismatic leadership is highlighted for its ability to motivate followers. Situational leadership is also explored, focusing on adapting leadership styles based on the situation and the followers' development levels. The essay provides examples of leaders like Howard Schultz and Steve Jobs, illustrating the practical application of these theories. Concluding with a call for a holistic understanding of leadership, the essay emphasizes the importance of developing true leaders who prioritize job creation and societal impact. The references include scholarly articles and publications supporting the analysis of leadership theories and styles.

Running Head: LEADERSHIP- TEXTS AND CONTEXTS
Leadership- Texts and Contexts
Name of Student:
Name of University:
Author’s Note.

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Table of Contents
Introduction................................................................................................................................2
Key Areas of Leadership............................................................................................................2
Transformational Leadership:....................................................................................................2
Contingency Leadership:...........................................................................................................3
Charismatic Leadership:.............................................................................................................3
Situational Leadership:...............................................................................................................4
Conclusion..................................................................................................................................4
References:.................................................................................................................................5

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Introduction
A leader can be termed as one who supervises and mentors others in an organization,
a community, or a political body like a state or country. The temperament of leadership is
born with the intrinsic will and perseverance to influence others towards a common goal.
This essay attempts to evaluate and analyse some of the aspects and theories of leadership
that willing future leaders may find useful and necessary to inculcate.
Key Areas of Leadership
The word ‘leader’ is not confined just to people with immense power and support at
their disposal; but means anyone who inspires and mentors his companions or colleagues
towards a common goal. Thus, the chieftain of a tribe or the headman of a group of colliers is
as much a leader as was Winston Churchill or Mahatma Gandhi.
Transformational Leadership:
Transformational leadership has unfolded from the basics of transactional leadership; it has
four additional aspects—charisma and a constructing influence showing that the leader is
revered and respected, intellectual growth, motivation, and acknowledgement of the personal
gaps between workers. This leadership style is more inspirational than any other leadership
style and the transformational leaders shows adequate competency for engaging followers.
The leaders under this style consistently work towards encouraging the fellow team members
for achieving remarkable and outstanding results. Conservative notions about how a leader
should bully around and exploit subordinates, need to be replaced by transformational
leadership and such novel ideas (Breevaart et al., 2014).

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Contingency Leadership:
Contingency leadership style contains the quality of preparing the team for future
overcoming. In general, this particular leadership style includes the prediction of the
individual’s behavioural outcome in the future for any particular situation. The contingency
leadership style shows the competency of the leaders under this style, in balancing the
thought process for present as well as future situations (Odhiambo & Hii, 2012). The
contingency leaders are able to think about the future hurdles, and manage and develop the
team accordingly, which further helps the organization to prepare their strategies to avoid the
adverse effect.
Charismatic Leadership:
Charisma, the capacity to motivate followers to as far as to considering the collective
target as their own target, is one key quality that connects eminent leaders throughout time;
varying from Mark Anthony, Prophet Mohammed, Abraham Lincoln, Vladimir Lenin to
Nelson Mandela. Charismatic leadership can be further elaborated as the possession of three
principal qualities—vision for the future, innovative thinking, and a brotherly responsiveness
to comrades and their betterment (Zehir et al., 2014). . Howard Schultz, for instance, started
out as a salesperson for Xerox Corporation; he strove up the corporate hierarchy, owing to his
foresight and innate leading abilities, culminating in his deserved position as the CEO of
Starbucks, one of the world’s largest cafe-chains . A leader in the most appropriate sense,
Schultz is the principal reason behind a $ 3 billion fortune for Starbucks and the
establishment of over three hundred thousand jobs across the world on a global scale.
(Forbes, 2017). Steve Jobs, the renowned CEO and co-founder of Apple, who opened
business by selling computer parts in a ‘garage-outlet’ in Los Angeles, is another archetypal
example of a charismatic leader.

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Situational Leadership:
The situational leaders are those who have the innate talent of dealing with the
situation. There can be different kinds of situations and it can be changed on the basis of
internal, external or environmental impact. The situational leadership style exposes the
qualities of the leaders who are efficient enough to adjust themselves with the followers’
development level. This particular leadership style is flexible and adaptive, since the leaders
falling under this style possess adaptive nature for any kind of situations (Sethuraman &
Suresh, 2014). However the leaders have to deal with each of them.
Conclusion
To round the argument up, scholars have suggested a number of implementation plans
of Human Resource Management as far as leadership is concerned. Only by creating a
holistic comprehension of leadership and its various facets, can a company or institution be
able to find a true leader, capable to steer them in the correct direction. The same is pertinent
in the individual plane, whence an individual is spurred and focused to develop and mature
into a true leader- someone who aims more at creating jobs and new openings instead of
sheer money-making.

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References:
Breevaart, K., Bakker, A., Hetland, J., Demerouti, E., Olsen, O. K., & Espevik, R. (2014).
Daily transactional and transformational leadership and daily employee
engagement. Journal of occupational and organizational psychology, 87(1), 138-157.
Derue, D. S., Nahrgang, J. D., Wellman, N. E. D., & Humphrey, S. E. (2011). Trait and
behavioral theories of leadership: An integration and meta‐analytic test of their
relative validity. Personnel psychology, 64(1), 7-52.
Forbes (2017). Howard Schultz. Forbes Magazine. [online] Available at:
https://www.forbes.com/profile/howard-schultz/ [Accessed 20 Aug. 2017].
Furnham, A. (2005). The psychology of behaviour at work: The individual in the
organization. Psychology Press.
McCleskey, J. A. (2014). Situational, transformational, and transactional leadership and
leadership development. Journal of Business Studies Quarterly, 5(4), 117.
Northouse, P. G. (2015). Leadership: Theory and practice. Sage publications.
Odhiambo, G., &Hii, A. (2012).Key stakeholders' perceptions of effective school
leadership. Educational Management Administration & Leadership, 40(2), 232-247.
Sethuraman, K., & Suresh, J. (2014). Effective leadership styles. International Business
Research, 7(9), 165.
Yukl, G. (2013). Leadership in Organizations (8th edition). London: Pearson Education

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Zehir, C., Müceldili, B., Altindağ, E., Şehitoğlu, Y., & Zehir, S. (2014). Charismatic
leadership and organizational citizenship behavior: The mediating role of ethical
climate. Social Behavior and Personality: an international journal, 42(8), 1365-1375.