Leadership and Management Report: Cadbury Company Analysis

This report provides a comprehensive analysis of leadership and management concepts within the context of Cadbury. It differentiates between the roles of leaders and managers, exploring their functions in various situational contexts, such as policy changes, employee conflicts, and technological advancements. The report examines different leadership theories, including democratic, situational, contingency, transactional, and systems leadership approaches, and their application within Cadbury. Furthermore, it analyzes key approaches to operation management and their importance in achieving the company's objectives, with a focus on how business environment factors impact operational management and decision-making. The report aims to provide a thorough understanding of the relationship between leaders and managers in a contemporary business environment, emphasizing the importance of effective leadership and management for Cadbury's success.

Leadership and
Management Concepts

TABLE OF CONTENTS
INTRODUCTION...........................................................................................................................1
TASK 1............................................................................................................................................1
P1 Differentiation between the role of the leader and function of the manager..........................1
TASK 2............................................................................................................................................2
P2 Application of the role of the leader and function of the manager within the different
situational context........................................................................................................................2
P3 Application of various theories and models of approach.......................................................3
TASK 3............................................................................................................................................5
P4 Analysing the key approaches to Operation Management in order to achieve the main
objectives of the firm...................................................................................................................5
P5 Exploring the importance of Operation Management in achieving the main objectives of
Cadbury........................................................................................................................................6
TASK 4............................................................................................................................................7
P6 Business environment factors which impact upon the operational management and decision
making of the leaders and managers............................................................................................7
CONCLUSION................................................................................................................................8
REFERENCES................................................................................................................................9

INTRODUCTION
Management and operations are two main functions of the organization in which
operation carry out the main activity of the business and management is responsible for
controlling such activities. This study will be based on the Cadbury this study will provide a
complete information about the role of Human resource and leaders within the organization. The
report will help in identifying the role of leader and function of manager in different situational
context. Also, this document will provide the appreciation of the role in which the managers and
leaders play in managing the operation function of the organization.
Furthermore, the present study will help in accessing the factors within the business
environment that impact upon the operational management and decision-making by the leaders
and managers of the Cadbury. Along with this, it will develop a complete understanding about
the relationship of the leaders and managers during the contemporary business environment. As
this company deals with the variety of services and huge customer base, it is very important for
the firm to manage effective and efficient operations of the business. So in order to bring such
effectiveness within the organization, leaders and managers plays the important role in shaping
the team within the Cadbury.
This report will be submitted to the CEO of the Cadbury Company “Dirk Van De Put”.
TASK 1
P1 Differentiation between the role of the leader and function of the manager
Leader is an individual of the company who creates the vision for the company and
motivate the employees to achieve the organizational goals and personal goal as well. Leader is
considered to be one of the key employee for the organization.
Cadbury Company is the British Plc. Multinational company which deals of variety of
retail products. The Cadbury have also diversified its areas such as retailing of books, clothing,
electronics, furniture, toys, petrol, software and financial services along with the telecom and
internet based services. Cadbury is listed on the London Stock Exchange. Also according to the
gross revenue of the firm, Cadbury is the third-largest retailer in the world (Noe and et.al., 2017).
This organization follows highly hierarchical structure that reflects the large size of the business.
Leaders are the individuals who seek to create the strong team, with people committed to
the organization's overall goals. Leadership is mainly aimed at setting a new direction or vision
for a group or the team members. Whereas, Managers are the people who manage, organize,
1

control and coordinate all the activities within the business. Managers are aimed at organizing
and the human and physical resources of the company. One of the major difference between the
Leader and Manager is that the Leaders have people to follow them. On the other hands
managers have staff who work for them.
The role of the leader is to motivate and inspire the team members within the Cadbury.
However, the role of the manager is to supervise and coordinate all such inter departmental
activities (Bratton and Gold, 2017). Managers contribute to the business in significant ways
which reflect the company's profits, organization and overall workplace morale. The role of the
Manager is to make plans for the organization in order to create a proper link between
organizational activities and organizational objectives.
Role of a leader Function of a manager
 Main role of a leader is to create vision
for their followers so that they can get
inspired and achieve something bigger.
 Role of a leader is to build unique
differences and remain themselves
 Leaders should take risk even if they
fail miserably. So that they can stand
out as an exception and become a role
model for their followers.
 Main function of a manager is to create
goals for their sub ordinates so that they
can achieve desired goals.
 Whereas function of a manger is to
copy and adopt any leadership style so
that they can manage their
subordinates.
 Main function of a manager is to
minimize risk and control them.
TASK 2
P2 Application of the role of the leader and function of the manager within the different
situational context
Situation 1
Cadbury top management team and board of directors are changing policy which impact
the organization working environment and working pattern.
In this situation, leader and manager of company has the following roles and functions
which are as follows -
2

Leader has to change organizational vision due to change in policy which impact the
organizational goals of the company (Hamilton, 2018). Also, manager too has to change its
strategy, plans and activities of the organization in order to work on new policy implement by
the top management team and BODs. Also, both manager and leader have to communicate the
new policy to the employees in a better and understanding way so that employees can help the
company to work on new policy.
Situation 2
In Cadbury, there is conflict occur between 2 employees which lead to affect the
organizational activities.
Following roles and functions must be carry out by the leader and manager of the
company in this situation -
Leader and manager both must have to talk to the both party individually and try to
understand the whole scenario along with their purpose (Cascio, 2015). They shouldn't bias any
of the party. They also analysis the impact of situation on the environment and try to mitigate the
impact of environment. Leader and manager both should also bring some change in the
organizational environment in order to prevent the organization from such situation again.
Situation 3
Production department of Cadbury Company brings new technological device which lead
some employees to go against it and not ready to accept this change.
Role and function of Cadbury Company's leader and manager in the change management
situation are as follows -
Leader and manager both should work together on change management in the
organization. They both should make understand the importance of change in the organization to
the employees and give training for the acquisition of required skills, attitudes, knowledge and
abilities to work on the new technology.
P3 Application of various theories and models of approach.
There are different theories and approach which allows the leaders and managers to act
differently according to the different situations of the business. Such leadership theories are
described below:
3

Democratic Leadership approach: This leadership approach allows employees to take
participate in the decision making process and voice out their ideas, thoughts and feedback to the
leader.
Strength: This leadership approach helps leaders to increase its network and maintain a good
relationship with employees.
Weakness: It can create problems for the organisation as employees might take wrong decisions.
For example, There is a issue regarding infrastructure of the building of the company, so
leader can take ideas from the employees by conducting meeting.
Situational Leadership approach: This leadership approach allows the leaders of the Cadbury
to take the situational decisions regarding the team members. According to this leadership style,
the role of the leader is to motivate the team members in order to keep them retained within the
firm also this allows the leaders to support the team members. However, the function of the
manager is to train the employees for such situations.
Strengths: This leadership style helps the people in taking the situational decisions. The greatest
strengths of this approach is that business are surrounded various ups and down so the Leaders
and managers have to take situational decisions which helps them to achieve the main objectives.
Weakness: It includes those ineffective decisions which are taken by the leaders and managers
and impacts on the overall objectives of the business.
For example, change in the technology within the Cadbury, it impacts on the employee
retention of the company (Oketta, 2018). In this situation the role of the leader is to inspire and
motivate the team members in order to accept such changes. Whereas, Managers need to
organize the trainings in order to develop the technical skills among staff of Cadbury
Contingency leadership approach: This leadership approach states that the leader's
effectiveness is upon the different situations of the firm. Also this leadership style helps in
identifying the management and style within the Cadbury
Strengths: It helps in widening the understanding of the leaders and managers in different
situations of the company
Weakness: If the leaders take wrong decisions during complex situations then it may
demotivated the workforce and also it reflects ineffective leadership within Cadbury
For Example, at time of conflict between the staff members, the role of the leader is to
resolve the issue with a proper and fair decisions (Gorzelany-Dziadkowiec, 2015). In this
4

situation function of the manager is same as the mediator who collectively identifies the
solutions with the employees in order to bring the conflict to the peaceful solution.
Transactional leadership approach
This leadership style allows the staff members to get involved in decision making and
thus it helps in satisfying and motivating esteem level of the employees.
Strengths: This includes satisfaction of the team members who contributes more in efficient and
effective productivity.
Weakness: Transactional leadership approach may involve the condition of politics which may
derive demotivation among individual and hence may be responsible for lack of productivity.
For Example, at the time of restructuring the company’s policy and procedure, The role
of the manager is to identify the unique solutions and ideas provided by the employees
(Ghasabeh, Soosay and Reaiche, 2015). The function of the manager is to invite the staff for the
multiple suggestions to improve better productivity and increased profitability
System Leadership Approach
This leadership theory focuses towards the system formation of the effective and efficient
policies and principles within the management of the business. This leadership style allows the
employees to coordinate the work conditions and environment with the staff in order to deliver
the effective and efficient productivity.
Strengths: System leadership allows the employees within the organization to coordinate in order
to achieve the main objectives of the firm.
Weakness: If this approach is not effectively executed within the organization then it may create
the conflicts among the employees.
For example, Promotion and hiring of more candidates, System leadership helps in
maintaining the effective and efficient staff of the Cadbury Plc (Amundsen and Martinsen,
2015). In this situation the role of the leader is to guide the new employees and monitor the
performance of the existing one in order to promote them further. On the other hand, the function
of the manager is to provide the trainings and develop the skills among the employees.
5

TASK 3
P4 Analysing the key approaches to Operation Management in order to achieve the main
objectives of the firm.
Operation management is one of the important key aspects of the Cadbury Plc in which
operation management converts the semi-finished or raw material into finished products for the
final consumption of the users. This function may consists of various different kinds of elements
such as labour, capital, equipment, land and building material etc. Operation management is
mainly concerned with the controlling the production process and business operations in most
effective and efficient manner (Boekhorst, 2015). In Cadbury Plc, Operation management is
mainly aimed at analysing and designing workflow of the business process within the company.
Along with thin, Manager of Operation management department has to know about the common
strategic policies, basic material planning and manufacturing and production system within
Cadbury All such functions are aimed at efficient, effective and cost controlled activities during
the operations within the company. The Key approach of the operation management is used to
improve the overall manufacturing process and also helps in creating the overall efficiency in
manufacturing process. Different key approaches of the Operation management are as follows:
Six Sigma
This is the improved version of Lean manufacturing but this key approach of the
Operation management mainly focuses towards the quality of the goods and services. Also, Cost
efficiency and increased production are the important factors but this approach is mainly aimed
at production of the higher quality finished products (Venkatesh, Rai and Maruping, 2017). The
leaders play the role of guide to the staff members. It can be considered as the statistical analysis
which helps in identifying the actual performance of the business. It helps in measuring the
defects against the total production and it also makes the trend measuring popular and effective
for locating the consistent problems which can be analysed via six sigma key approach within
the operation management of the Cadbury.
Lean Manufacturing
This key approach within the operation management of the Cadbury Plc requires
maximising production while minimizing waste. This approach is aimed at delivering the highest
possible output without sacrificing the quality of the product. The main aspect of the Lean
manufacturing is to minimize the waste production of the company (Gatenb and et.al., 2015).
6

However, it may be not necessarily the best operation management approach but another major
source of Waste production is to plan the requirements and detects the defects in the machines
and helps in reducing the Hours of labour by this approach within Cadbury.
Cadbury could effectively apply combined approaches within the business as it helps the
managers of the operation managers in managing the quality of the product as well as waste
management within the organization. As the company has expanded its business in a global
market so the Cadbury has a developed a huge customer support. Thus, Both the approaches
within the facilitates the company in achieving the quality based work as well as intensive
manufacturing along with the cost efficiency of the firm (Leadership and management styles,
2018).
P5 Exploring the importance of Operation Management in achieving the main objectives of
Cadbury.
Operation management is the process that involves planning, organizing, managing,
controlling and supervising the production and manufacturing process. The major aim of an
operation manager is to ensure the timely delivery of the products in order to successfully turn
the raw material into finished product efficiently (Cascio, 2015). All such functions activities
during the operation management of the There are various benefits possess by the sound
operation management of the Cadbury.
It helps the organization to make good use of the resources like labour, raw material,
money and other resources. Effective operation management within the Cadbury Plc helps in
production of the effective and efficient operations within the firm and thus helps in achieving
the main objectives of the Cadbury
It helps in improving overall productivity of the company, therefore the managers mainly
focuses towards the use of available resources in the best possible way in order to achieve the
main goals of Cadbury.
Managers of operation management also allow the employees to contribute towards the
analysing the customer requirements and producing such products accordingly.
Operation management also plays very crucial role in Cadbury as it helps in handling the
issues like designing, Operations and maintenance of the system which is aimed at production of
7

goods (Bratton and Gold, 2017). This helps the company in achieving the main objectives of the
firm.
TASK 4
P6 Business environment factors which impact upon the operational management and decision
making of the leaders and managers.
Business environment refers to the environment which is surrounded by the business. It
also has various factors which affect the business as well as get affect by the business. There are
various business environmental factors which affect the operational management of Cadbury
company in turn affect the decision making of the leaders and managers of the company. These
environmental factors are as follows -
Raw Materials
Availability of the raw materials in the organization impact the company's operational
management. Operational management deals with the transformational of raw material into
finished goods. Lack of availability of the raw material will affect the production of the products
which in turn affect the operational management of the company. This will lead manager and
leader to think of its substitute products so that company can survive and don't lose its customers
base.
Employees
Employees also affect the operational management of the Cadbury Company. Their
efforts and efficiency will improve the quality of products which improve the performance of
operational management (Bratton and Gold, 2017). Lack of employees and their efforts will lead
company to face problems in the production of the products. This will lead manager and leader
to make decisions regarding workforce planning.
Technology
Change in technology also impact the operational management of the company which in
turn impact the decisions of the leader and manager of the organisation. Cadbury bring new
technology in the production of the products which lead to reduction in costs & wastage
materials. It will improve the quality of the products and efficiencies of the employees engage in
the production. It will lead managers and leaders to give training regarding technologies to the
employees for the betterment.
8

Information
Information plays an important role in the operational management. If Company get new
information regarding their rival's products. This will lead manager and leader to take new
decisions regarding their products in order to compete the rival company. This will also impact
the operational management too (Bratton and Gold, 2017).
Planning
Change in strategies or department or products or any aspects of Cadbury's Organisation
will also impact the operational management as well as the planning of the manager and leader
of the company for the future. If customers are demanding some specific change in the products,
this will change the planning of the manager and leader as well as the production process of the
product. This will lead to impact the operational management and decision making too.
Co-ordinating
Lack of co-ordination will lead operational management department to complete their
tasks late which lead company not to able to achieve their profits. Because lack of co-ordination
lead confusion between various department which affect the operational management. This will
lead manager and leader to create strategies and take decisions in the way so that co-ordination
can be created in the organisation.
CONCLUSION
From the above study, it can be concluded that leadership and management are two very
important functions of the organization. It has been concluded that effective leadership and
management style influence the staff members to increase the overall performance. This study
has provided the role of leader and function of the manager within different situations of the
company. Also it has been created a complete understanding about different theories and
approaches at the time of different types of situations. Also key approaches to operation
management have been also described above in order to achieve the main objectives of the
Cadbury.
9

10

REFERENCES
Books and Journals
Amundsen, S. and Martinsen, Ø.L., 2015. Linking empowering leadership to job satisfaction,
work effort, and creativity: The role of self-leadership and psychological
empowerment. Journal of Leadership & Organizational Studies. 22(3). pp.304-323.
Boekhorst, J.A., 2015. The role of authentic leadership in fostering workplace inclusion: A social
information processing perspective. Human Resource Management. 54(2). pp.241-264.
Bratton, J. and Gold, J., 2017. Human resource management: theory and practice. Palgrave.
Bratton, J. and Gold, J., 2017. Human resource management: theory and practice. Palgrave.
Cascio, W.F., 2015. Managing human resources. McGraw-Hill.
Gatenby, M., and et.al., 2015. Managing change, or changing managers? The role of middle
managers in UK public service reform. Public Management Review. 17(8). pp.1124-1145.
Ghasabeh, M.S., Soosay, C. and Reaiche, C., 2015. The emerging role of transformational
leadership. The Journal of Developing Areas. 49(6). pp.459-467.
Gorzelany-Dziadkowiec, M., 2015. The Model of Leadership in Learning Organization.
Hamilton, K., 2018. The Relationship between Authentic Leadership and Conflict Management
Styles. Our Lady of the Lake University.
Noe, R.A., and et.al., 2017. Human resource management: Gaining a competitive advantage.
New York, NY: McGraw-Hill Education.
Oketta, B., 2018. Strategic human resources management practices, leadership style, and
employee empowerment(Doctoral dissertation, Makerere University).
Venkatesh, V., Rai, A. and Maruping, L.M., 2017. Information systems projects and individual
developer outcomes: Role of project managers and process control. Information Systems
Research. 29(1). pp.127-148.
Online
Leadership and management styles. 2018. [Online]. Available through :
<https://www.forbes.com/sites/williamarruda/2016/11/15/9-differences-between-being-a-leader-
and-a-manager/#157c0a614609>.
11

12

13

14

15