Leading and Managing Change Report: Strategies and Approaches

This report examines the critical aspects of leading and managing change within organizations, focusing on the practical application of change management principles. The report begins with an introduction that underscores the importance of adapting to change for sustainable development. It then delves into a comparative analysis of two UK-based companies, Cosmos Tours and Thomas Cook, evaluating how changes influence their operations and techniques. The report assesses the impact of both internal and external drivers, such as consumer preferences, technological advancements, and government policies, on company behaviors. Furthermore, it explores measures to mitigate the negative effects of change on organizational behavior, the various barriers to change that affect leadership decision-making, and the different leadership approaches for navigating change. Through this comprehensive analysis, the report aims to provide insights into effective change management strategies and their practical implementation.

Leading
and
Management Change

Table of Contents
INTRODUCTION...........................................................................................................................3
TASK 1............................................................................................................................................3
P1 Evaluating influence of change on techniques and operations by comparing two
organisation............................................................................................................................3
TASK 3............................................................................................................................................5
P2 Influence of external and internal drivers on companies behaviours................................5
P3 Measures to minimise negative influence of change on organisation behaviour..............7
TASK 3............................................................................................................................................9
P4 Various barriers of change which impact on leadership decision making........................9
TASK 4..........................................................................................................................................10
P5 Different approaches of leadership while dealing with change......................................10
CONCLUSION..............................................................................................................................12
REFERENCES..............................................................................................................................13

INTRODUCTION
Understanding and leading change assist in setting up an company to achieve all issues
which are raised due to change initiate within a working environment. In current times,
modifications are necessary in each part of an firm to utilize sustainable development. For
achieving all this challenges of market, company has to apply and initiate modification at their
working environment (Anderson and Anderson, 2010). In respect to management change, this
current report has been made for applying change within the firm and it effects working. For
successfully accomplish of change, an company require to develop all knowledge as well as
skills within employees and leaders as well. This report contain comparison between two
companies in which it modifications give influence upon its operations and techniques. Their are
various approaches of leadership which evaluate effectively which is linked with modifications
as well. It includes Cosmos Tours and Thomas Cook which are running successfully in UK with
major objective of giving services as well as promoting Great Britain.
TASK 1
P1 Evaluating influence of change on techniques and operations by comparing two organisation
Change in an company is a systematic method to deal with its process, strategies,
objectives and goals. Main aim of an firm while establishing change at its working environment
for applying techniques for controlling and aid workers to adopt the same. For an enterprise such
as Thomas Cook is managing change by using proper tools for its development. If it is not doing
accordingly then its competitors such as Cosmos Tours will take a competitive advantage within
the place of market and this organisation will face many problems in its enterprise along with
that it will also get invisible from consumers mind as well. Hence, it require to prepare changes
along with its alternative at its working environment for more efficient productivity.
Because of these reasons firm such as Thomas Cook as well as its competitors like
Cosmos Tours require to apply these modifications. Respond to customers and changes in an
proper way (Aslan and Reigeluth, 2013). Improvement in work performance along with its
knowledge and skills accordingly. Build an proper development and firms culture of whole
working environment. It will aid in rising market share and revenue.
Cosmos Tours is a small operator of tour in UK. Due to having a small organisation its
risk is relatively low. They provide wide services range in an working environment. In current
3

times, various firm such as Thomas Cook are present in a market with same services are
enlarging its enterprise at huge rates is giving strong competition to Cosmos Tours. Hence, it
require for enhancing product it aid in receiving support of market. Its top authority start to
acquire proper as well as better quality for beating competition with Thomas Cook. For
achieving all these, modifications are needed in its techniques and operations which are given
below:
 Strategy: Thomas Cook require to develop its techniques initially for applying
modification in company. They have to implement all developments functions for
enhancing skills of workers. It will help in accepting changes along with that
organisation can achieve success (Bingham and Main, 2010).
 Influence of change on its strategies and operations: Any modifications
whether large or small, affects the regular working of workers, manufacturing
and operations of a firm. For successfully achieving changes a company require
to change its techniques, operations and structure. To know more about influence
of modifications in a firm such as Cosmos Tours will compare with Thomas
Cook as given below:
Comparison of Thomas Cook and Cosmos Tours in response to modifications:
Particulars Thomas Cook Cosmos Tours
Objectives Major objective of Thomas Cook is to
share international market as soon as
possible by giving services.
Major objective of Cosmos
Tours is to become the largest
manufacturing firm in
beverage domain.
Pricing It is also giving its services to sustain
for a long time in competitors market.
It is providing their services on
basis of changes and location
in competitors market.
Porter's Competitive
approach
Business strategy Corporate strategy
Change drivers Being Competitive Being innovative
Operations It is famous for its wide range of
services so, it mainly operates
This organisation has operated
mainly on online services.
4

enterprise in retaining their consumers. Now, it is pushing all
enterprise operations in online
service booking etc.
TASK 3
P2 Influence of external and internal drivers on companies behaviours
Culture of an enterprise effects workers which are working on it. So, any modifications
within working environment affects workers a lot. Applying of changes effectively, management
require to make a cover review of it along with that research of all alternatives they have to do
for rising as well (Branson, 2010). They should prepare proper techniques for sustaining of its
company. Cover page contain data collection linked with others feedbacks which adopting
modification at a working environment. It also need to recognise as well as understand gaps at a
level of resistance in external and internal environment of an company. For analysing all factors,
leaders and managers should posses all capabilities, qualities and skills which depend on field as
well as objectives of activities of an firm.
Thomas Cook enhancing its enterprise in various countries. Hence, it affects external and
internal activities, workers behaviour, decision making etc. For understanding its effect on
Cosmos Tours an examine has been done by management which are given below:
Internal drivers changes that impact behaviour, individual and team of leadership Consumers led drivers: One thing which influence upon company is modifications in
buyers perspective. Hence, this driver should consider by leaders of Cosmos tours and
Thomas Cook effectively. So that continuously changes are consider and concluded
effectively and accordingly techniques are framed. Technology led drivers: For being in competition, they have to use latest technology
effectively. Therefore, these drivers consider as an most advantage thing which
individual and leaders consider by an organisation effectively so that results can be
achieved along with better working (Carrington, Deppeler and Moss, 2010). Investors led drivers: Whenever investors increasing within the enterprise by that
performance of standards are improved which is undertaken as a type of modification.
5

 Competitors led drivers: With continuously modification within a market by that its give
rise in competitors as well. Various small organisation initially operated at a higher level.
Hence, Thomas Cook have to take a consent in accounts effectively.
 Government led drivers: Modifications in legislative policies aid to put influence upon
enterprise activities. Hence, Cosmos and Thomas Cook have to conduct PEST analysis
for dealing with suitable techniques and decline harm towards leadership, team and
individuals.
Apart from all drivers of change, Cosmos Tours and Thomas Cook have to use
effectively tools by which management able to deal with different issues effectively. Therefore,
such alternatives provide influence upon companies performance which have to consider it into
an proper frame. As for managing external drivers best suited tools of change is PEST analysis: Political: Cosmos Tours and Thomas Cook both companies have to determine these
factors effectively. So that enterprise able to manage alternatives functions effectively.
Modifications in policies by government influence upon particular organisation due to
continuously changing in policies give more rights to workers and hence leaders should
be active while dealing with diverse activities. Economical: This factor which impact on particular behaviour is an most economical
factor. Countries economy get improved by individual spending level. Hence,
management have to pay accurate amount to each person effectively and give sufficient
salary to workers. Changes in economic situation of country influence upon behaviour of
individual as well as its working also (Doppelt, 2017). Social: Modifications in social factors also influence behaviour of individual in the
context of company. Changes in attribution, lifestyle etc. give impact on working. It is an
leaders duty to determine latest trends of market effectively and then provide services.
Thomas Cook have to analysed about perspective of consumers effectively and then use
proper media for interacting different consents properly.
 Technological: They are dynamically getting change very fastly. Hence, enterprise have
to analysed all latest technologies of enterprise as well as compile it with a particular
interest. Therefore, fastly changing in technology is help in measuring control unneeded
manage and demand properly working.
6

These modern perspective but internal factors influence upon team, leadership and
individual of a organisation. Hence, management have to frame techniques effectively as per
internal aspects of enterprise so that effective and better gain is estimated. To examine more
about internal factors it is easy to evaluate it through conducting SWOT analysis: Strength: Thomas Cook is a large company due to that they able to deal with
modifications in a proper way because of having proper resources where as Cosmos
Tours are not having proper resources and dealing abilities with any type of
modifications effectively because they are operating at a small level. Weakness: Thomas Cook get influenced mainly by fast changes of technological and
political factors. Therefore, it harms operations of enterprise and they require to alter all
bottom and top techniques which is not very easy to deliver individually. Hence, overall
working within a team get influenced due to lower focused towards targeted work. Opportunity: Thomas Cook is having an opportunity to deal with higher numbers of
consumers as they are operating at higher level as well as Cosmos is having opportunity
to initially operate at higher level which help them for becoming more accurate in nature.
 Threats: It is something of which organisation has a fear. In UK mostly they prefer to
have services from Thomas Cook but it is very expensive by that they switch to other
companies like Cosmos (Finnigan and Stewart, 2010).
Leadership changes affect all working environment as they have to adopt new it will
consume time because they have to understand that changes properly for accepting a change. As
leaders impact change on supervise, direct and motivation.
Leadership will affect team and individual behaviour like as loss of job as people who are
not ready to accept change then they will switch a job it will give impact on both team as well as
individual level to Thomas Cook.
P3 Measures to minimise negative influence of change on organisation behaviour
Modifications are supportive or harmful in nature for different organisation and its
influence also get vary as per its perspective. Hence, it is managers duty of an organisation
behaviour so that accurate and better results can achieved. When companies adopt any changes
within enterprise it is necessary to consider psychological influence of individual changes.
Various workers of an company resist management modifications into enterprise which
restrict company to grow, makes things accurate and nature effectively. Hence, it is necessary for
7

management to take some effective steps for minimising influence such as change resistance
within organisation behaviour are given below: Creation of pathway: It is necessary for managers or an company for making a pathway
for interacting every and each type of information to workers about latest initiatives. With
that, managers of enterprise require to instruct management to give all details of update
for its team meeting. Explain about plans: For dealing with modifications within enterprise. As mangers
require to provide each consent about strategy as well as goal of management to each
workers effectively. Such modifications have negative influence which get decline all
employees which able to perform and justify their duty effectively (How to Overcome
Resistance to Change in an Organization, 2018). Participation in seminars and meetings groups: Dealing with modifications there is an
one way and decline its negative influence is taking proper participation in team meeting
as well as different functional things effectively so that are linked techniques get deliver
and render in an accurate frame. Therefore, participating in seminars and meeting groups
is an important consent for each enterprise when they help in managing change
resistance. Manage planning and its implementation: They required to determine individual person
from every group which are able to deal with different consent in an proper way. Hence,
some person mange their work through planning and make them proper in nature by
applying on it. Hence, managers of enterprise require to be more concentrate on
managing a plan as well as applying.
 Implementing of plan with suitable targets and goals: In this last step they apply
techniques which is related with modifications. Thus, enterprise required to make some
goals and milestone properly so that they can manage modifications properly and hence
all modifications of negative aspects will decline.
Thomas Cook require to apply this techniques into enterprise by coming together all
consents with analytic tools so that all changes get manage properly. For making a management
change more effective and accurate with all efficiencies. Organisation can use model of Burke
Litwan which define about modifications and effect relations between 12 dimensions of
companies which are related with key factors (Fullan, 2014). These all factors are linked with
8

extrinsic environment which require to get analysed in an proper way so that improved outcomes
get derived.
TASK 3
P4 Various barriers of change which impact on leadership decision making
This model is provided by Edgar Schien management professor which describes effect of
companies leadership as well as culture. Barriers are raised due to adopting various culture by
workers within the firm. Various issues that linked to personality disputes, internal and external
environment or bureaucracy within various levels of managers which create issues in making
decisions.
When decisions are taken by leaders in relation to adopt new technology, supply chain,
raising price and product improvement. Then barriers are rising which are linked to survival as
well as adopting of continuously modifications which give rise in internal process along with
external adaption. Another issue linked to space as well as time once culture structure is
established then it consumers time, space for adjusting which help in missing chance of
enterprise opportunity (Fyke and Buzzanell, 2013).
Self efficiency resistance and perception to change
Whenever they adopt new changes within companies culture then person are working in
that firm having their own perception related to modifications. Mainly workers consider new
culture as negative in their growth of career. So they not accept modifications and that will lead
to leaders barriers so leaders have to modify the workers thinking which is next to not possible.
Lots of various ideas, energy and time required to modify negative perception as well as convert
it into a positive perceptions.
Another issues are raised at a time of adopting modifications of latest technology due to
working workers are not trained professionally for adopting modifications so leaders need to
conduct a training program for providing information about using technology. That create
barriers when time matches with extrinsic environment.
Force field analysis
This framework generally given by Kurt Lewin which support culture modifications but
some critique raised against this framework. Leaders have to struggle when they have to take a
9

difficult decisions (Hintz and Bahia, 2013). It arise barriers in a form of members are fearful by
adopting a latest technology, influence of external environment and loss of employees overtime.
Case study
In this whenever leaders initiate research of market then she or he will conduct a team
meeting in which various case study is given to each workers. The major objectives behind to
make a techniques of rational market against competitors. But having a detailed discussion
various perspective, views and opinion arises by them. It is tough for leaders to identify where
having a relevant opinion or which it is logical. This part of case study consider barriers while
making decisions.
Situational resistance to change
In this leadership theory, companies modify are done as per their tasks as well as
fulfilment of task of an organisation. Its main criteria behind this is to complete work within a
particular limit of time period (Inozu and et. al., 2011). But in certain conditions leaders identify
that workers which are not fit by themselves as per to their working environment.
TASK 4
P5 Different approaches of leadership while dealing with change
Situational leadership is developed by Paul Hersey and Ken Blanchard in 1969 that
describe about all the tools and techniques that leader has been used in order to managing all the
changes that are made in organisation structure. It describe the relationship between leaders and
followers which provide the systematic framework in order to analyse the situation that based on
following situations:-
The amount of direction and guidance that leader give in performing all the task of organisation.
Maintenance of all the relation between superior and subordinates in order to keep harmony
and peace.
The passion and readiness level that follower exhibit at the performing specific task and goals.
Apart from it, based on four leadership competencies which describe below:-
 Diagnose:- First understand the present situation they are trying to influence.
 Adapt:- adjust the behaviour of workforce according to the circumstances.
 Communicate:- Interact with every individual in order to convince them to accept
all alterations (Nahavandi, 2016).
10

 Advance:- Lastly managing all the movements.
The above four steps is important for leaders in order to initiate all the changes in corporate
environment. Situational leadership suggest the organisation to change according to the situation
coming in external environment. Further leader cannot believe on specific management style but
they need to flexible at the time of adopting leadership style in order to gain best outcomes in
future. Under this theory all the task are divided among employee according to their
specialisation in order to achieve objectives effectively.
Thomas cook is engaged in tour travel operation and growing up business require to follow
leadership style for better accomplishment of goals. Initiating change is complex procedure for
leader, they has to face all the challenges coming in the form employee behaviour which is either
positive or negative so maintain effective communication between them so all the issues and
conflicts can be sorted out. Following points need to be consider to understand whole changing
whole process which stated below:-
 It is utmost duty of manager to understand what need to be change and whether they
provide relevant result to them in future on the basis of which decision are taken.
 Leaders try to change resistance attitude of employees so they easily accept all the
alteration in organisation structure (Thomas and et. al., 2013).
Therefore, Thomas cook must considered all the above point for initiating change properly.
Kotter's 8 step change model:-
This model is divided into following step in order to adjust the organisation according to changes
coming in dynamic environment which described below:- Increase urgency: In this step company must analyse the urgency of adopting all the
changes and communicate employees that how urgent it is to accept all alteration. Apart
from it discuss about all opportunities and threads from such modification. Build guiding team: Under this point leader put their efforts in such way that their team
members easily adopt all the changes easily. The main motive is to maintain coordination
and cooperation among people. Develop vision: Company has to establish their vision in advance so they achieve their
objectives in specified time period (Van der Voet, Kuipers and Groeneveld, 2015).
11

 Communicating for purchasing in: In this step, group leaders understand view point and
opinion of workers at a time of accomplishing a new vision of enterprise due to such wat
lead to apply vision fully by proper communication. Empower actions: Whatever action organisation take for empowering like there is
required to eliminate all obstacles as soon as possible. Create short term wins: Nothing encourage other than short time achievements. So firm
need to introduce goals which are short term for frequently good outcomes as well as
motivation. Don't let up: For getting outcomes for modifying organisation concentrate on various
goals instead of specific goals.
 Make change stick: whatever modifications within organisation finally apply most check
with certain changes for better outcomes.
Thomas Cook is a vast operator tour within the world which are having good knowledge
about perspective as well as customers which help in gaining higher profits. Hence, enterprise
require to apply such context in their work for completing and managing all objectives
effectively. Kotter model help in supporting managing different modifications which are related
in an company so that effective and better work get managed for gaining best outcomes for a
growth of long period of time.
CONCLUSION
Above report has been concluded that leadership s an very important which play a very
proper role for managing change. It is really necessary for management to prepare better
understanding about modify frameworks effectively so that they can promote effectively as well.
For this context, there are different accurate things get evaluated in which they estimate that
modifications that influence most of organisation operations as well as strategies which should
be understand by managers in a proper way. With that, other consent is linked with impacts of
drivers of modifications on an behaviour of company in which various workers which do not
accept change and resist to change. Therefore, there are different barriers are articulated in the
process of making decisions which state that leaders require to make more energy for managing
change.
12