Leading Change Report: Leadership Approaches and Models

This report delves into the multifaceted aspects of leading change within organizations, using Hilton and Tesco as comparative case studies. It examines the impact of both internal and external drivers on leadership, team, and individual behavior, evaluating various strategies to mitigate negative effects. The report explores different change management models and barriers to change, analyzing their impact on leadership decision-making, including the application of force field analysis. Furthermore, it assesses the effectiveness of different leadership approaches in managing change, critically evaluating leadership models and their practical applications within an enterprise context. The report provides a comprehensive overview of the challenges and opportunities associated with organizational change and offers insights into effective leadership strategies.

Understanding and
Leading Change
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Contents
INTRODUCTION...........................................................................................................................3
TASK 1............................................................................................................................................3
P1 Compare different organisational examples where there has been an impact of change..3
M1 Assess the different drivers for change............................................................................5
D1 Draw conclusions and recommendations with valid justifications for planning effectively
for change and applying change impact analysis...................................................................5
TASK 2............................................................................................................................................5
P2 Evaluate ways where internal and external drivers affect leadership, team and individual
behaviour................................................................................................................................5
P3 Evaluate measures which minimise the negative effect of changes..................................7
M2 Change management model.............................................................................................9
TASK 3............................................................................................................................................9
P4 Various barriers for change and how they impact leadership decision making................9
M3 Force field analysis........................................................................................................10
D2.........................................................................................................................................11
TASK 4..........................................................................................................................................11
P5 Apply various leadership approaches for dealing with changes within an enterprise....11
M4 Evaluate extent where leadership approaches can deliver changes...............................12
D3 Critically evaluate the effectiveness of leadership approaches and models of change
management..........................................................................................................................12
CONCLUSION..............................................................................................................................13
REFRENCES.................................................................................................................................14
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INTRODUCTION
The present working scenario has changed and it has become important for enterprise to
remain updated with the market. Due to globalisation innovation in the business surroundings are
taking place on regular basis which needs to be adopted in same manner so that competitive
advantage can be maintained. There are both positive and negative changes that occur in
environment and each one of them has their own impacts. It is required that administration
understands the modifications on time so that planning for same can be made. It further assists in
making the resources available which may be required while implementing the modifications.
Hilton is a global chain in hospitality industry which is known for its quality of services and
effective marketing strategies (Alkahtani, 2011). There is a close rivalry present in this industry
and therefore continuous changes are made in this enterprise so that it can increase its scope and
can maintain effective position in the hotel industry. The following report will discuss the
different issues that come across while bringing alterations in business and other change related
concepts.
TASK 1
P1 Compare different organisational examples where there has been an impact of change
Be it any kind of any business none of them can remain unaffected by the alterations that
are made in business. There are sometimes big changes made and many times small depending
upon the current need of an enterprise. As hospitality sector has various competitors it has to
maintain developments on regular basis so that customer interest can be maintained. The manner
in which it is implemented varies from business to business as the product and services they deal
in vary from one another. Whenever a new way of doing work is implemented in business it
affects the existing strategies of an enterprise like they need to be modified or needs to be
changed entirely (Anderson and Anderson, 2010). This way it affects the continuity of operations
too. In order to understand the impact of change a comparative study of two different sectors is
done in which one is Tesco which belongs to a retail sector and other is Hilton which has an
entirely different operation as it is a part of hospitality business. The impact of change on both
these enterprise is discussed below:
Strategies Hilton Tesco
Product It is a part of hospitality It is dealing in an entirely
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sector whose main product is
giving accommodation and
entertainment facilities to its
customer. Changes are
brought to provide more
satisfaction to the customers
so that they can get higher
satisfaction after spending
their money.
different range of products.
Domestic products, clothing,
and other retail items are
found under same roof at
competitive prices.
Price This organisation is known
to be relying on cost
leadership approaches. The
offering of this organisation
are provided at competing
prices considering prices set
by rivals.
Hilton International is known
to charge premium pricing for
its products and services. The
reason being clients are
charged with higher prices is
that they are perceived of
superior quality rather than
rivals.
Place This organisation has
marked its presence on the
global level but largely
present in the United
Kingdom itself. The
operations are carried out
through 6900 stores
worldwide.
Hilton hotels and resorts are
present on the international
level as well. These
organisations possess a chain
of hotels and are more than
570 hotels.
Promotion Tesco have been taking
reliance of opting for
numerous strategies which
highlights lower prices
which are being offered by
the organisation. There are
Hilton organisation is known
to undertake variety of
promotional tactics so that its
business position could be
attained. This organisation is
known to undertake
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numerous discounting
schemes offered by this
organisation to enhance
sales.
discounting schemes and
membership programmes to
retain their customers.
Technology There are lots of changes are
happen in technological
sector that impacts the
operations of organisation.
For ex., New application
allows the customer to
access their room with the
help of digital security. It
seems to be positive impact
upon an organisation.
Changes in retail sector re
happen in vast manner. As
emergence of online platform
has huge impact over the sales
of an organisation in the initial
manner. Acceptance of this
allows them to improve their
sales and profitability
M1 Assess the different drivers for change
In an organisation immense changes take place due to the alteration in the external and
internal surroundings. They have the capacity to affect the working capacity of an enterprise. It is
important that planning is done accordingly in advance so that impact of change can be
minimised (Bingham and Main, 2010). Human resource is one of the most important assets of an
enterprise and gets maximum affected by the innovation which is made in the daily procedure.
When a change is brought in the working style, polices or strategy it is referred as the internal
change and is brought to raise the existing efficiency capacity of firm. On the other hand, when a
change is made due to alteration in present political, economic, social or technological issue it is
considered as an external change. Such are
D1 Draw conclusions and recommendations with valid justifications for planning effectively for
change and applying change impact analysis
In order to understand the impact of change a comparative study of two different sectors
is done in which one is Tesco which belongs to a retail sector and other is Hilton which has an
entirely different operation as it is a part of hospitality business. This type of modification is
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necessary to be made as it is not a choice but necessary to maintain the position in market. It can
be concluded that change is required for gaining higher success and growth for an organisation.
Most of the time change is directly impact on employees because they are not adjust in changing
situation or environment and does not perform work in good manner.
TASK 2
P2 Evaluate ways where internal and external drivers affect leadership, team and individual
behaviour
In current time period, every company mainly concentrate on reaching with specific goals
and targets for completing the tasks and work in effective manner. There should be better
manpower who are doing effective perform and also help in achieving with organisation. Leaders
are play an important role within business concern because they are mainly focus on providing
accurate direction and path to their employees towards reaching with targets and goals in proper
manner. Along with this, leader required to adopt various leadership styles for getting best
outcome or results for doing effective working. Company managers and leaders are the main key
people of an organisation and they are setting required targets and goals which help in getting
appropriate profitability and productivity. In addition to this, leaders also help in motivating and
encouraging their staff members so that they are try to doing particular task for getting accurate
goals and objectives (Branson, 2010). For doing this, they are getting appropriate success and
growth in better manner. Motivation and encouragement is the effective technique and method
which assist in increasing the company profitability and productivity in the large market place.
Hilton is the multinational hotel sector which provides effective services and facilities to
their customers in better manner. Also they are providing best services so this will help in
attracting large number of guests towards their facilities. They are tried to make and create
appropriate workforce and manpower for appointing effective leaders and managers in the firm.
Company leaders are also adopting and using best suitable styles which are fit for specific
situation and with the help of this people can manage and maintain all function of business in
proper manner (Brown, 2012). Managers and leaders have basic role and duty to appoint those
people who are capable for achieving desired company goals and objectives with the help of
their skills and abilities. Hilton hotel always work for increasing their profitability and
productivity for making new ideas and thoughts and also promote their services and facilities
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among customers. There are different factors which affect on leadership styles such as external
and internal drivers that are described as follows:
Internal factors- Internal factors are associated with different environmental factors in the
firm that includes company structure, people, rules and regulations, events, systems which can be
control and managed by an organisation. Along with this, SWOT analysis help in understanding
the major impacts which are as under:
Strength Weakness
Leaders are adopting and using some
leadership by which they can manage and
maintain people functions and activities in
proper manner. They are motivating and
encouraging employees for doing effective
working performance within an organisation.
Also they can help in achieving desired goals
and targets.
In Hilton hotel, the main weak point is this they
have poor coordination of work among
employees and management teams. this will
directly affect on business operations and its
functions.
Opportunities Threats
They need to gain opportunities which related
to culture and this will assist in achieving
potential goals and targets. This will help in
creating company structure and maintaining
coordination among workers.
The culture firm is very difficult to adopt and
used by company employees because this will
directly affect on their relation.
External factors - This will consist with different factors which occur outside of the firm and
such can beyond the control by an organisation. It includes customers, rivals, technologies,
political, economy which directly affect on firm operations (Carrington, Deppeler and Moss,
2010). There are certain external factors which are as follows:
Political factors- There are various government policies, taxation, rules and regulations
which influence the business operations and function in effective manner. There are various
modifications while government adopt new changes in the country.
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Economical factors- It includes inflation, variation in economy rate, growth rate which
change according to the environment so that company can easily developing and making
strategies for the nation people.
Social factors- In this, customers taste and preferences are always change so firm have
adopt new policies and strategies for fulfilling all needs and demand of their buyers in proper
manner.
Technological factors- there are various changes which are associated with technologies so
that firm need to adopt latest technique and methods which help them in enhancing their
profitability and productivity in better manner.
P3 Evaluate measures which minimise the negative effect of changes
An organisation can try to reaching with best possible results and always get success for
determining the effective techniques and methods in better manner. They are mainly concentrate
on various measures which main motive is to reducing the negative factor while using changes in
the firm (Doppelt, 2017). For measuring in company help in elimination mainly negative factors
and also effectively run the business which make appropriate environment. Hilton hotel is the
one of the most famous hotel which provides different effective services and facilities to their
guests. There are certain measures which are discussed as under:
Training- it is the major key which help them in increasing their employee's skills and
abilities so that they are able to gain desired goals and targets of the organisation. Leaders should
manage and maintain their team members for performing well. these are such techniques and
methods which can used by firm because this will assist in identify occurring issues and problem
in the company.
Research and development - in an organisation, research and development will play an
essential role for analysing and examine external market situation (Fagerström and Salmela,
2010). along with this, Hilton hotel also adopting this research and development method for
measuring various factors such as current market trends, customers preferences, competitors
planning, etc. this will help in analysing and examining the buyers taste and choice and also
define the strong rivals which develop better strategies for attracting their customers.
Technologies- it is very essential factors which directly affect on measuring the changes
as per the environmental situations and condition. An organisation can identifying and find new
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techniques and methods adopting and using manufacturing services and goods in better manner.
Hilton mainly considers the new techniques and creative technologies according to the needs and
requirements so that customers can satisfy.
Managing relationship among staff members- it is best and effective method which
helps in making strong relationship with their customers. Company can improve their business
operation and functions within an organisation. Company managers of Hilton hotel make sure
regarding making strong relationship and create peace system for managing manpower.
Lewin's Change Management Model:
This model is developed by Psychologist Kurt Lewin in 1950s. According to this model,
organisation employees have to accept changes for company betterment. The description of this
model is described as under:
Unfreeze stage – It is the first stage of transition which is one of the most critical stage in
whole procedure of change management. In this, staff members will understand and evaluate that
firm is going to make proper changes and alterations in working and they have to accept this.
Change stage – In this, employees are moving from old to new direction for gaining
better learning and make improvement themselves. It is very complex for employees is to accept
new structure of management but company manager help them in clearing their doubts and
provide them right direction to done proper work.
Refreeze stage – In this last stage, changes has been implemented and staff member
should carry out these things. It is required for respective firm is to advise their employees for
make proper guidance, arrangement, monitor, evaluation and adjustment. It can be done as per
the updated and new technology which assist in gaining appropriate results or outcomes.
M2 Change management model
Hilton hotel are adopting Lewis change management model for using different changes in
an organisation which includes unfreeze, change and refreeze. it is first stage which change the
manpower and them developing and making required modification. The model help organisation
in developing and making employees for accept such changes. With this model, company can
make changes and alterations in business structure and operations effectively. Also they are
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TASK 3
P4 Various barriers for change and how they impact leadership decision making
Changes and alteration should be necessary in each company and it is very essential to
determining the various changes factors so that company can survive in the competitive world.
Along with this, changes are always carrying out various types of issues and problems within an
enterprise (Fullan, 2014). This can be said that changes is something where firm venture which
bring out effectiveness and comprehensive environment at work place. its is responsible for
making and creating disputes and conflicts while running smooth functioning of the business.
Hilton accept changes for determining the motivational methods and techniques so that it is
essential for conducting training and development program for increasing their staff members
and this will help in enhancing company profitability and productivity in effective manner.
There are certain issues and barriers which directly affect on leadership decision making
that are as follows:
Lack of effective communication- it is the fact that issues and problems are occurs within
an organisation so there can be any reason behind it which can directly affect on business
operations and functions. It is necessary for communicating to their staff employees and provides
effective data and information which make decision. Company manager have develop and make
while adopting and using new changes so that it is simple or easy for any kind of situation in an
organisation.
Lack of participation of employees- if an organisation does not involves to their staff
members then this will became major issues and barriers for company. Thus, they have
responsibility to allow their staff members while making effective decision for taking accurate
decisions in proper manner. This will make and create for accepting necessary changes because
their employees are not ready for accept such kind of modification in the firm.
Organisational cultural planning- this is very essential for each company which
directly affect on business operations and functions and also make positive working environment
so this will help in achieving required goals and objectives (Hallinger and Heck, 2011). This is
another responsibility to create and make barriers while running smooth of business functions
and activities.
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M3 Force field analysis
There are certain ways in which different issues and barriers in correct manner through
Force field that are various stages which are as follows:
 Proposal for change- it is that main reason behind issues which can alternate culture and
environment so that it will create major issues and barriers for staff members for
understanding the system of modification in the company.
 Recognising forces for changes- it is next step which Hilton hotel try to recognise and
identify major forces which can make changes in the firm.
 Identifying factors against changes- it is one of the most essential factor where company
will define that firm does not involve their workers while making decision of the
organisation and make corrective actions.
 Assigning scores- Company management mainly concentrate on changes acceptance for
developing effective relation with their customers as well as employees.
 Analyse and apply- it is the last phase where positive and good environment need for
smoothly running the business operation of the firm.
The driving forces of change consist of systemic forces and individual/ group
speculations are the important forces and outdated machinery and declining team morale and
need to increase profitability are important factors in driving change. On other hand restraining
forces of change consist of fear, lack of training and lack of incentives are the important
attributes that restrict in organisational goals and objectives. Factors in driving change give
motivation to workers to give their best in organisational goals and objectives in effective
manner.
D2
It is common tool and method which help in analysing factors that is found in complex
situations. It shows the problems in terms of different factors or pressure which support the status
and this type of pressure help in change in desired direction. Hilton hotel use force field analysis
which assist in reach with potential organisational goals and targets effectively. This can be used
for analysing those areas which required proper changes and alterations.
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TASK 4
P5 Apply various leadership approaches for dealing with changes within an enterprise
Leadership is determining as those ability and capability which influence people
behaviour and doing work for achieving desired goals and objectives. it is required for company
to have better leadership skills which help in set appropriate targets and goals that can be
achieved in better manner (Malenfant, 2010). Along with this, leader has ability to inspire and
motivate their employees for completing such tasks or work in given time period.
Hilton hotel also consider various approaches and leadership style for influencing the
person behaviour so that each and every employee will try to accept such changes and also adopt
new innovation, ideas, various modern techniques and methods at market place. there are
different leadership approaches which has been adopted by Hilton that are described as under:
 Autocratic style- leaders are adopting autocratic style for getting complete whole task or
work from staff members and they are providing accurate guidance for assign work to
them. In Hilton hotel, leaders can adopt this leadership style through which their
employees are perform work or task in order to gain accurate outcomes.
 Democratic leadership style- it is very effective method for developing and making
business and also this will lead the various changes and modifications. Along with this,
leaders are providing accurate feasibility and allow staff members for taking part for
achieving set targets and goals. Leaders of Hilton hotel can use this leadership style by
which they can guide their staff members to lead towards gaining high income and
revenue effectively.
 Laissez faire- in this leadership style, there is always absence of direct supervisor and
they are giving freedom to their employees while doing work. it is that leadership which
is not best appropriate for environment of business because this will require more
direction and instructions (Parsons and Cornett, 2011).
 Transformational- It can be referred as it is one of the most important approaches while
doing necessary changes. The method and technique of communication which help in
achieving desired goals and targets in proper manner.
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