Literature Review: Leadership Practices and Change Management at Ford

This literature review assesses the role of leadership practices in change management within the UK automotive sector, specifically focusing on Ford Motor Company. The report explores the concepts of leadership and change management, highlighting different leadership styles such as autocratic, situational, democratic, and transformational leadership. It examines the relationship between leadership and change management, emphasizing how leadership supports change implementation and how change management influences leadership development. Furthermore, the review identifies barriers to effective change management, including employee resistance, organizational structure issues, and communication challenges. The conclusion emphasizes the positive relationship between leadership and change management, the varied roles of different leadership styles, and the significance of addressing barriers to successful change initiatives. The review draws on academic sources to support its findings.

LITERATURE REVIEW

Table of Contents
INTRODUCTION...........................................................................................................................3
MAIN BODY...................................................................................................................................3
CONCLUSION................................................................................................................................6
REFERENCES ...............................................................................................................................7

INTRODUCTION
Leadership is a way through which leader in the organization used to influence the employee
performance in a efficient way .Ford Motor Company, commonly known as Ford, is an American
multinational auto maker that has its main headquarters in Dearborn, Michigan. This report highlights the
different point of author in context of the topic To assess the role of leadership practices pertaining to
change management within an organization in UK automotive sector. Report explain the point of
view of different author in different theme that is concept of leadership and change management.
Relationship between leadership and change management and Barrier which used to occur at the
time of managing change with leadership style
MAIN BODY
Title: “To assess the role of leadership practices pertaining to change management within an
organization in UK automotive sector: A study on Ford”
Theme 1: “Concept of leadership and change management”
In the published paper Al-Ali and et.al, (2017), highlights that leadership is the influence
power which is incurred by different leader at workplace to influence the work of employee in a
way that it help the organization in achieving the organizational goal very efficiently at the
workplace. There are many different type of leadership style which is used by all the leader at
workplace to influence work of employee. Type of leadership style select used to pay a crucial
role in organization success. Some of the type of the leadership style are autocratic leadership, in
which leader in the organization used to take decision and different subordinate used to follow
the same. Situational leadership, it is the type of leadership style in which different decision are
being taken in the organization on the basis of seeing the situation which is prevailing in the
market. Democratic leadership style, it is the type of style in which all the employee are given
freedom to perform different activity in organization. Transformational leadership, in which
different leader at the workplace used to work closely with the employee to carry out different
operation in an organization.
Tang (2019), highlights that change management is the process of dealing with
transmission and transformation of organizational goal, technology and policy in a way that it
used to help the company in achieving the different goal of the company very efficiently in the
long run. Change management in the organization generally looks at bringing and implementing

variety of different type of strategies at workplace to effecting the change management process
and helping different employee in the organization to adopt different changes at the workplace.
Change management and leadership style in the organization used to share a good sort of the
relationship. As leadership used to play a supporting role at the time of managing the impact of
change management in the organization. In return of that change management in the organization
used to help leader in getting good basis to improve their style of leadership.
Theme 2: “Relationship between leadership and change management”
Canterino and et.al, (2020) explain that change management and leadership used to share
a very positive relationship at the workplace. As it has been identified that changed management
is heavily depended upon the leadership style which is used in the organization. Author
highlights that leadership help the company in building a working environment in the nation in a
way that it used to help the organization in bringing the different change management policy
that easily in the long run. There are many different type of leadership which used to play
different type of role in managing the change successfully in the organization.
Bligh, Kohles and Yan (2018) highlights in the article that leadership style like
transformational leadership style in the organization used to help the company in getting
knowledge about the type of change which can be brought at workplace. As transformational
leadership is the type of leadership in which the leader generally involve themselves in the
different activity with the subordinate at workplace. These eventually help the leader in getting
idea about the issue which is being faced at the workplace and on the basis of the same different
change management decision are being taken in the organization. On another point …Attah,
Obera and Isaac (2017), explain that transactional leadership at the workplace used to play the
role of environment making at the workplace. Reason behind the same is identified that by using
transactional leadership leader generally used to build good confidence among the employee to
carry out different operation of business. As leader used to provide different reward to the
employee for their work. This is very important as employee are the one who are most uncertain
at the time of change management in organization.
Alefari, Salonitis and Xu (2017) elaborates that leadership style like autocratic generally
play the role of communicator in the organization at the time of bring any sort of change in
organization. As autocratic leadership style is the style in which all the different decision in the

organization is made by the leader in the organization and all the different subordinate used to
follow the same. As a result due to this sort of leadership style in the organization all the
subordinate in the organization feels more clear at the time of change management. Attah, Obera
and Isaac (2017) explain that leadership such as situational in the organization used to help the
leader in making variety of different type of future plan at the time of change management. As
change management in the organization used to create variety of the different type of situation in
the organization, so for the same reason it is very important for all the organization to plan for
variety of the activity according to the situation which used to occur in the organization. So it is
the time where organization should adopt the situational leadership in the organization to carry
out different activity according to the same in the organization.
In the article published Attah, Obera and Isaac (2017) explain that leadership style such
as democratic leadership style at workplace used to play the role of supporter to all the employee
in the organization, as it has been identified that democratic leadership style used to provide the
room for all the employees to work according to their preference in the organization. As
explained earlier also all the employee in organization uncertain about the different activity
which has to be performed by them in the organization. So it is very important for employee to
get freedom to showcase their talent in the organization. Democratic leadership style at the time
of change management will eventually help the company in doing the same in the long run.
Theme 3: “Barrier which used to occur at the time of managing change with leadership style”
There are many different type of the barrier which is seen by the workplace in context of
selecting the leadership style to manage the change effectively in the organization. Al-Ali and
et.al, (2017) , first barrier which is generally see by the organization is employee resistance at the
workplace as all the employee generally used to has different point of view in the organization,
these eventually used to create difficult for the company to select leadership. For example:
Employee of different level used to understand the change in different way some used to think it
in the positive manner at the same time some are against the same in the organization. These
create the issue for the leader to understand the leadership style which can be used in the
organization. Another barrier which is highlighted by …Tang (2019) gives knowledge that
organizational structure is another type of the issue which is faced at the time of selecting the
leadership style in process of change management. As change management in the organization

used to also bring the change in the structure of the company in the long run, so it get difficult
for the leader to predict the organizational structure and on the basis of the same select the
leadership style which can be adopted in the organization.
Another barrier which is identified by Li and et.al, (2016) is communication barrier at the
workplace, as it has been identified that it get difficult for the company leaders to pass on the
different message that easily in the organization, so it get difficult for the leader in the
organization to select a best leadership style to manage the change in the organization in efficient
way.
CONCLUSION
After going through the above report it has been concluded that leadership and change
management in the organization used to share a very positive relationship in between
them. After that report concludes that different leadership style in the organization used to share
different sort of the role in organization. Reason behind the same which is identified that there
are different nature of change so managing different change demand different type of leadership
style in an organization. In the end the report concludes different barrier which used to occur at
time of managing different type of changes in an organization.

REFERENCES
Books and Journals
Al-Ali, A.A., and et.al, 2017. Change management through leadership: the mediating role of
organizational culture. International Journal of Organizational Analysis.
Tang, K.N., 2019. Change management. In Leadership and Change Management (pp. 47-55).
Springer, Singapore.
Bligh, M.C., Kohles, J.C. and Yan, Q., 2018. Leading and learning to change: the role of
leadership style and mindset in error learning and organizational change. Journal of
Change Management. 18(2). pp.116-141.
Canterino, F., and et.al, 2020. Leadership and change mobilization: The mediating role of
distributed leadership. Journal of Business Research. 108. pp.42-51.
Li, M., and et.al, 2016. Linking empowering leadership and change-oriented organizational
citizenship behavior. Journal of Organizational Change Management.
Attah, E., Obera, V. and Isaac, S., 2017. Effective leadership and change management for
sustainable development in Nigeria. International Journal of Public Administration and
Management Research. 4(2). pp.37-42.
Alefari, M., Salonitis, K. and Xu, Y., 2017. The role of leadership in implementing lean
manufacturing. Procedia CIRP. 63. pp.756-761.