Leadership and Change Management: A Comparative Report

This report provides a comprehensive analysis of change management within organizations, focusing on the impact of change on strategy, operations, leadership, and individual/team behavior. The report utilizes case studies of Golden Wonder and Agfa to illustrate how organizations adapt to internal and external drivers of change. A PEST analysis evaluates the political, economic, social, and technological factors influencing these companies. The report also explores the measures taken to mitigate the negative impacts of change on organizational behavior. Furthermore, the application of Force Field Analysis and an examination of change barriers and leadership approaches are discussed. The report concludes by evaluating the success of change initiatives, considering both their advantages and disadvantages, offering valuable insights into effective change management practices.

Understanding and
Leading Change

Table of Contents
INTRODUCTION ..........................................................................................................................3
PART 1 ...........................................................................................................................................3
1)Impact of change on organisation's strategy and operations ..............................................3
2)Overview of case studies.....................................................................................................3
3) PEST Analysis to evaluate drivers of change ...................................................................5
4)Evaluation of affect of internal and external changes on organisational strategy..............6
5) Evaluation of effect of change on leadership, individual and team behaviour..................7
6) Measures taken for minimising negative negative impact changes upon organisational
behaviour ...............................................................................................................................8
PART 2............................................................................................................................................9
1) Introduction of selected organisation.................................................................................9
2) Application of force Field Analysis.................................................................................10
3) Different barriers of change and their influence on decision making and leadership ....10
4) Accomplishment of change and its success ...................................................................11
5) Advantage and disadvantage of leadership approaches ..................................................11
CONCLUSION .............................................................................................................................12
REFERENCES..............................................................................................................................14
.......................................................................................................................................................15

INTRODUCTION
Change is a process which lead to things, function and practices become different from
its past conditions. To face the dynamic nature of environment and to tackle the different
changes it become necessary to bring timely changes in operations of an organisation. Change
has become a vital part of every organisation to remain competitive and flexible in market place
to run its business successfully for a longer period of time (Bastin, 2019). Golden wonder is a
snack manufacturer headquartered in England, UK. Golden wonder has considered innovation a
important part of organisation thus, timely brings changes to full fill the needs the of society.
This project includes an overview of case studies and PEST to analysis the driver of change. It
also include influences created by change on organisational behaviours. Barriers of change and
leadership approaches are also included in this report.
PART 1
1)Impact of change on organisation's strategy and operations
Organisational change mainly refers to the alterations and modification made to in
operations or processes of an organisation to satisfy the needs of customers and to meet the
current trends and situation. Organisational change creates a significant impact on the strategies
and operations of an organisation (Curran and Hesmondhalgh, 2019). To understand the impact
of these changes two organisation are selected which are brining certain changes in their
operations :
2)Overview of case studies
Overview of Case 1 : Golden Wonder
it is a British company that deals in manufacturing of snack and having its headquarter in
England, UK. It is very focused towards its product thus, developed a product portfolio which
includes crisps and snacks, such as Wotsits, Nik Naks, Wheat Crunchies and Jungle Fresh nuts.
Golden wonder has always considered innovation and changes to be an important part as market
place is dynamic not statics. It timely conduct market research to effectively respond theses
changes. It mainly implement changes in its product process to anticipate consumer need and to
satisfy the need profitably.
Overview of Case 2 : Agfa

It is a leading Imaging and IT company which is headquartered in Belgian, German. It
develops, manufactures and distributes analogue and digital Imagining products. It operations are
divided into three segments: Consumer imaging, Graphics systems and Technical imaging. To
become and to maintain the position of leader in its field, Agfa involve a high level of innovation
and changes in its operations. These changes are mainly related with improvement in technology
and processes (Dawson, 2019).
Golden Wonder Agfa
Need for change :
Timely changes and innovations are needed by
Golden Wonder as it works in a highly
dynamic market place where social and
political changes are taking place very rapidly,
so to meet and handle these changes,
innovations and modification are made (A
Golden Wonder case study, 2019).
Need for change :
To become and remain the leader in its field
through serving customer needs within each
market and to retain competitive advantage
over its closet and fiercest rivals (AGFA case
study, 2019).
Change implemented :
Product oriented changes are made by Golden
Wonder thus, organisational change is made
in its processes.
Change implemented :
To achieve the target of leading positions,
technological change are implemented.
Impact on strategy:
Process change is implemented to meet the
needs and desire of society, thus this created a
significant change in marketing strategy. Now,
Golden wonder is more careful while
implementing marketing strategy to support
the nature of new process and product that is
created after implementing the change.
Impact on strategy :
Advancement of technology is only possible
with adequate amount of finance, thus, for
effective implementation of technology
change, Agfa has made modification in its
investment strategy and willing at attracting
more investors for their project (Fenwick and
Johnston, 2019).
Impact on Operations: Impact on Operations :

Processes change has created a significant
impact on operations of Golden Wonder. They
have spent a lot of time on market research and
its analysis to cater and satisfy the needs of
customer. It operations and outcomes are
influenced by feedback of customers and it
choose a course of action after due analysis of
information. Huge investment are made in
Research and development to take advantage
of technological innovation in its process and
operations.
Huge investment is made on technology
improvement and started making use of digital
technologies to provide crystal clear photos.
These digital images are based on grid or
matrix to provide best quality and resolution to
its customers.
Similarities :
 In both the cases, changes are made to satisfy the needs of customers and to provide a
better product to them (Green and Daniels, 2019).
 In both situation technology improvement is implemented to deliver better product.
 Both the organisation are making changes to handle the external drivers of change, as
Golden Wonder is making changes to create a balance with political and social needs and
Agfa is implementing changes to gain competitive advantage.
Differences :
 Golden wonders are adopting better marketing strategy to implement the change properly
where as Agfa is focusing on better investment strategy to implement modification and
advancement in technology.
 Golden wonders are making changes in its processes through conducting proper market
research and changes are made to handle and tackle the social and political change going
on in market place on the other hand Agfa is going through technological change to gain
more competitive advantage.

3) PEST Analysis to evaluate drivers of change
PEST analysis is used to reflect the impact of external factors on organization operations.
PEST analysis of the organisation are given below :
Basis Golden Wonder
(UK)
Agfa
(Germany)
Political UK is having parliamentary
democracy under
constitutional monarchy and
having a stable and proactive
government but some
uncertainty are faced due to
Brexit (PEST Analysis of The
UK, 2019.).
German is a democratic,
federal parliamentary republic
which promotes government
transparency and sound
political management (PEST
Analysis for Germany, 2019).
Economic UK is having 5th highest GDP
thus, providing a profitable
and diversified free market to
grow and prosper.
Germany has 4th largest
economy in world and follows
free market principles and
promote competition in
economy.
Social Society of UK is having high
standard of living thus,
encourage rapid changes and
use of advancement in
technology.
Germany is having a modern
and multi cultural society
molded by a variety of
lifestyles. People of Germany
are highly educated.
Technological UK have a good access to
technology thus,promote
quality innovation and
expertise in science and IT.
The ministry of science and
technology decide national
science and technology
programmes in Germany
cresting many opportunity for

technical improvement.
4)Evaluation of affect of internal and external changes on organisational strategy
Internal and external factors drive and influence the functioning of both Golden Wonder
and Agfa (Grossman, 2019). Organisation need to make relevant changes as per the changes
prevailing in market which creates signifiant affect on leaders, team and individuals.
Internal Drivers of change
Communication- To have a proper and effective communication channel is must for
adequate flow of information. The communication channel of Golden Wonder and Agfa is quite
effective thus, any kind of change in technology or processes is properly delivered and
implemented in organisation. Proper organisational strategy are implemented which provides
proper chance to employees and team member to share their views before implementing any
change thus, provide them a internal motivation to perform well. Leaders are also making use of
appropriate communication strategy to deliver proper knowledge and guidelines to employees
thus, reduce the scope of error and create a more efficient and positive atmosphere for all
(Huesing, Johnson and Ludema, 2019).
Organisational Structure- Any change created in organisational structure effect its
leaders and employees to a great extent. The organisational structure of both the organisation is
simple thus, it become easy for leaders and mangers to makes and implement strategy to make
employees and team member aware about the operations of organisation. Individual and team
member also find it easy to perform in an effective manner thus, their performance also
enhanced.
5) Evaluation of effect of change on leadership, individual and team behaviour
Golden Wonder
External factors of market of UK is creating significant impact on leadership, team and
individual behaviours. Stable political conditions of UK make it easy for leaders of Golden
Wonder to motivate their employees thus, they are making use of democratic leadership to
provide relevant freedom to its employees. To meet the negative impact of Brexit, leaders of
golden wonder has created proper awareness and make its employees aware about the upcoming

issues, thus employees can face that negative situation and proper guidance are also provided to
handle the consequences and problems in an efficient way (Janfada and Beckett, 2019). Better
economic conditions of UK facilitate more profits for an organisation thus, Employees are
getting better incentives and rewards hence, their performance and behaviour is also become
positive. Better economic conditions and high standards of living makes it easy to motivate team
member for rapid change to gain better returns through satisfying society needs. Rapid
technological and social change creates opportunity but at the same time it has increased the
burden the leaders to motivate the employees for improving their skills and it also become
necessary for employees and team member to focus on continuous personality development.
Agfa
External factors of Germany have created more opportunity for Agfa. Germany is 4th
largest economy of world thus, provide a high level of printability for Agfa (Kotlar and
Chrisman, 2019). Leaders of Agfa are working in a stable conditions thus, does not need to make
changes in its policies thus, cresting a more stable and positive atmosphere for employees and
team members. To meet the standards of society Agfa has to focus on technology advancement
to best the competitors, thus burden of team members and leaders have increased to motivate
employees. Responsibility of leaders and employees also increase as they need huge investment
for innovation but it become quite easy due to stable and better economy condition of Germany.
6) Measures taken for minimising negative negative impact changes upon organisational
behaviour
Any kind of changes prevailing in a market affects the overall functioning of an
enterprise and its profitability and productivity. It is very important for an organisation to change
in accordance with changes existing in marketplace. Such changes has positive as well as
negative impact over business functions and business has to make changes. Technical changes in
an organisation are taking place to a large extent and every business enterprise also has to make
some technical changes in order to stay competitive (Maharaj, 2019). Due to technical changes,
AGFA and Golden Wonder are making some changes in its functioning and processes. In order
to eliminate negative affect of changes upon the behaviour of an organisation, these enterprises
can use PDCA model as follows-
PDCA Model- This model has been created and developed by a business entity for
eliminating any kind of affect of changes upon an organisation. It is a four stage model that is

utilised by businesses for continuous improvement in its business functions and processes. This
approach is basically helps the organisation in facing certain changes by allowing it to make
changes in its procedures of products and services in order to resolve issues. It can be considered
as a scientific method which mainly focuses upon resolving various problems. This model can be
utilised by AGFA and Golden Wonder as follows-
Plan- The first stage of PDCA model includes identifying the problem, collecting data
which is relevant in all aspects, and understanding the main cause of that particular problem,
developing hypothesis in regards to identification of issues and making decision in respect to
which one required testing (Nagorny-Koring, 2019). Due to technical changes prevailing in a
market, AGFA is planning in advance about how it will deals with that change. For this, it is
planning to produce better products by using maximum benefits of technology. On the other
hand, Golden Wonder, which is deals with food trades, is affected by healthy lifestyle of
customers. In order to face changes in society, this enterprise is planning to produce low fact
snacks to its customers.
Do- This stage helps in developing a solution towards a problem and measuring its
effectiveness at the same time. AGFA is using digital images which is based upon a matrix and it
will provide high quality and capability to its customers. Golden Wonder in order to face
changes in processes, is developing a low fat chips for those customers which will target health
conscious customers.
Check- In this stage, before and after data and results are compared and the effectiveness
of results are measured. AGFA can check the effectiveness of its plan by analysing the
profitability of its business before and after introducing digital images. Golden Wonder can also
its business's effectiveness by checking whether the customers are increasing in numbers or not
after analysing target market conditions (Saleh, 2019).
Act- This is the last stage of PDCA model in which achieved results are documented,
others are informed regarding processes. And certain recommendations are made during the
same. After analysing market conditions and company's profitability, both these organisations
can identify if making changes in its business processes has positive impact upon their
functioning or not. If such process changes are not beneficial for these enterprises than it will
make certain recommendations for the same.

PART 2
1) Introduction of selected organisation
Every organisation faces many problems or barriers in a broader market such resistance
among employees, lack of financial funds and resources, etc. in order to implement any changes
in a efficient manner. Golden Wonder has positive impact upon its business process due to
changes in technology(Wang and et. al., 2019). It is taking advantage of latest innovation and
technology by investing in research and development. For this, it is making changes in its
process by producing low fat snacks that will target health conscious customers. This change has
certain barriers which can be properly analysed by using force field analysis.
2) Application of force Field Analysis
It has been developed to provide description regarding driving and restraining forces. It
identifies those forces which is either blocking the movement towards a goal or driving
movements towards the business objective. Golden Wonder can use this analysis to find out the
need to face these changes (Bastin, 2019).
Driving Factors: These forces provides a force to a business enterprise in order to adapt
a changes to attain objectives in a proper way. In such case, UK's social culture and advanced
technology can be recognised as an appropriate driving forces that usually prefers usage of latest
technology which are existing in UK market. This will provide Golden Wonder basis to adapt to
a a particular change in its processes for achieving business goals. Due to technical changes, this
enterprise is using research and development to produce low fat snacks. In this, important role is
played by leadership to analyse behaviour of workers for making changes in an effective manner.
It is the responsibility of leaders to motivate its workers about the benefits of changes in process
of business. Leaders guide their workers and can develop a training program so that business
objectives are achieved.
Restraining Forces: These changes can result in creation of particular restrictions for
adopting and implementing changes and restraining forces are in relation with those problems
that are generated due to factors such as low are of employee engagement, complex laws, limited
financial resources, etc. For this, it becomes significant for leaders in taking decisions that puts a
limit upon generating conflicts in workplace (Curran and Hesmondhalgh, 2019).

3) Different barriers of change and their influence on decision making and leadership
Improper Communication Strategy: The basic effect that can be faced by an
organisation while implementing a change is lack of communication between managers and
workers. Due to improper strategy of communication, it becomes difficult for an employees
about the benefits of the changes taking place in business processes. Here, it becomes the
responsibility of a leader to guide and supervise the employees of Golden Wonder so that they
will be able to understand the benefits of launching low fat snacks and will contribute towards it.
For improving flow of communication, this enterprise is using two way communication between
leaders and employees.
Negative Attitude of employees: Sometimes, employees have negative attitude towards
the changes brought in an organisation as they are aware about the positive attributes of these
changes. In Golden Wonder, changes are taking place in business processes by introducing low
fat snacks which aims at enhancing business sales and market share. Here, leaders of this
organisation is responsible to provide all the details regarding these changes and clear their
doubts. In order to influence employees attitude, a decision making procedure can be developed
by this enterprise in which all the information as per changes are delivered to employees
(Dawson, 2019).
4) Accomplishment of change and its success
These problems and barriers which are creating a problem for golden wonder are in
timely handled by mangers of organisation. They have used different leadership style to motivate
and influence the employees to implement and execute the change properly. Situational
leadership is adopted for motivating workforce as per prearrange situation. Timely market
research are also conducted to understand and evaluate the taste and preference of customers to
provide and deliver the best product as per the demand of customers. The changes made by
Golden wonder in its product process is successful as the new products is liked by customers and
it has also improved their productivity and profitability.
5) Advantage and disadvantage of leadership approaches
Leadership is a method for guiding and motivating individuals to achieve the goals of a
business. For dealing with these changes, Golden Wonder can take into use different approaches
towards leadership that are explained as follows-

Situational Leadership- It is a theory in which leaders adjust their style in order to fit in
development level of his followers (Fenwick and Johnston, 2019). Its advantages and
disadvantages are as follows-
Advantages Disadvantages
This approach creates an environment under
which workers are encouraged towards
achieving business objectives.
It focus more upon instant needs and
requirements than long term business goals.
Transformational Leadership- In this, leaders provides motivation and inspiration to
workers for innovating and creating those changes which helps the firm in achieving success in
future. Its advantages and disadvantages are as follows-
Advantages Disadvantages
It helps in promoting collaboration among
employees which helps in building up morale
of workers.
Such approach of leadership has large pressure
upon his followers (Green and Daniels, 2019).
Transactional Leadership- In this, leaders motivate workers through both rewards and
punishment. Its advantages and disadvantages are as follows-
Advantages Disadvantages
It helps in creating motivation among
employees that helps them in achieving goals
of an organisation (Grossman, 2019).
It do not bring creativity in an organisation as
it is rigid in nature.
CONCLUSION
From the above report it can be summarised that to face the challenge of internal and
external drivers it become necessary for an organisation to bring timely changes. A company
implement technology change to get more competitive advantage and processes change is
implemented to cope up with social changes and to provide better satisfaction to its customers.
Each change have significant impact on leadership, individuals and team member. To minimize