BUS703: Leadership Coaching, Role-Efficacy, and Trust Analysis

This assignment provides a detailed analysis of a research article on leadership coaching, focusing on leader role-efficacy and trust in subordinates. It evaluates the literature review, discusses the characteristics and appropriateness of the mixed-methods research design used, and critiques the outcomes of the research. The implications of different leadership theories are explored, particularly concerning relational leadership and self-efficacy. The assignment also addresses the strengths and limitations of the study, including potential selection bias and the generalizability of findings, and emphasizes the importance of employee participation in decision-making. The research was conducted in Norway, implying culture-specific considerations.

Running head: LEADERSHIP MANAGEMENT
Leadership Management
Name of the Student
Name of the University
Author note

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Table of Contents
Answer to Question 1.................................................................................................................2
Literature Review for Respective Research Article...............................................................2
Answer to Question 2.................................................................................................................4
Characteristics of Mixed Research Design............................................................................4
Answer to Question 7.................................................................................................................5
Implications of Different Theories on Leaders......................................................................5
Answer to Question 8.................................................................................................................7
Critique of the Different Outcomes in Research....................................................................7
References..................................................................................................................................9

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Answer to Question 1
Literature Review for Respective Research Article
The literature review that has been conducted regarding the respective article helps in
analyzing the different kinds of theories along with models of the leadership. These are the
different kinds of models that are used in different organizations by the managers or the
supervisors to analyses the different kinds of tasks in an appropriate manner. The literature
review is mainly on the coaching of the different executives or the leaders and this is the
formal kind of relationship that includes counselling about the work culture and relationships
as well as the work-related issues that takes place in the organization.
Furthermore, the different theories based on leadership have been discussed as well
that will include the variety of issues that can take place or occur in the workplace such as
mental health and well being of the individuals that are ineffective in the workplace. There
were different theoretical kind of frameworks from cognitive and behavioral to
psychodynamic that mainly focused on solutions and the entire coaching on leadership is
mainly focused on the different set of principles that are common in nature (Creswell and
Creswell 2017).
It has been noticed that coaching has been found that it has created positive impact
after the one specific session of coaching and the literature has been able to analyze that the
coaching sessions received in different organizations created a positive impact and this is
associated with the self-efficacy of the different leaders as well. Thus, it has been concluded
that when coaching is being utilized for the development of the leadership, this generally
includes and involves several sessions of coaching as well (Creswell 2014).
In the literature review, the rigorously designed coaching session, using the single
group and pre-post within the group design, this has been analyzed that the different

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managers who worked with the coach in the different kind of organizations were improving
at a faster pace in comparison to the others in the organization. The variables are being
defined through the help of focus group discussion and this will describe the two most
objectives of the respective present study as to reveal the appropriate generic outcomes
variables and this will help in investigating whether the coaching will help in producing the
wanted outcomes (McCleskey 2014). The role-efficacy of the leaders is the other component
that has been described in the literature that helped in analyzing the confidence gained by the
individuals about the abilities that will help in maximizing and mobilizing the motivation and
the cognitive resources that are required in order to improve the performance in specific kinds
of tasks in an appropriate manner.
The leader role efficacy is required to be maintained effectively that is based on the
entire performance and behaviors of the different individuals effectively. Furthermore, it has
been noticed that there are different strong kinds of indications of the salience of the leader
role efficacy that is as instrumental to the performance of the leadership among the managers
who are working in the organization in an effective manner. The leader role efficacy is shown
as the ones with strong kind of personality that helps in correlating and the studies have tried
to investigate the entire effect of the leadership coaching on the different beliefs of the overall
leader role responsibilities. Lastly, it helps in providing a positive impact on the performance
of the transactional and transformational leadership.
The trust of the leaders for their subordinates is essential in nature and the different
kind of recent developments in the leadership theory is being enabled and produced by the
different relational kind of processes in an appropriate manner. In order to advance the theory
along with the research on the respective issue, the different impacts of the leadership
coaching on LRE and their trust on the different subordinates as well. With the help of
different kinds of arguments and other empirical evidences, it can be seen that the leader

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coaching will help in influencing LTS and this will help them in willingness to take risks and
delegating the different responsibilities as well. The leadership coaching will help in
influencing the trust of the leaders on their subordinates in an effective manner.
Answer to Question 2
Characteristics of Mixed Research Design
There are different characteristics of the mixed research design that includes that the
mixed research approach comes out of the environment wherein the professional researchers
have the entire tendency to utilize the exclusivity in the entire usage of the either quantitative
or qualitative research type of approaches. The other characteristics of the mixed research
design helps in seeking approach that will minimize the weaknesses and draw the different
strengths of the exclusively quantitative or qualitative research methodology.
It has been noticed that the mixed research methodology helps and assists in
recognizing the value of the entire knowledge along with their experience based on the
factual kind of aspects of the world wherein there can be different kinds of usage of the same.
The other characteristics of the mixed method approach and this rejects the dualism that helps
in setting qualitative face based as this will help in making the approach much better in an
effective manner.
The mixed research design approach includes the different kinds of assessing the
different outcomes wherein the entire tools are designed that comprises of the focus group
discussion and the main objective was to provide appropriate outcome criteria that will help
in maintaining the effectiveness of the leadership coaching as the leadership development
tools across leaders and the organizations (Northouse 2018). The main strength pf the mixed
approach includes the designing the different strategies with the help of both quantitative and

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qualitative approaches as this will assist in maintaining and analyzing the decision-making
processes effectively.
Furthermore, it has been noticed that the mixed approach of the research design will
help and assist in understanding the national differences in such a manner that this will
provide a proper and accurate picture of the effects of the leadership development tool that
any one of the specific ones. It was noticed that the mixed approach will help the company in
understanding the various kinds of importance of the research design such that this will help
in analyzing the cultural dimensions such as collectivism and power distance (Mayoh and
Onwuegbuzie 2015).
Furthermore, the overall aim of the mixed research design is such that the employee’s
participation in the decision-making process is essential in nature that will cause selection
bias. The empirical evidence has helped and assisted in understanding the importance of the
mixed research design in such a manner that will comprise of the focus group discussion and
this will assist in maintaining the effects of the leadership training such that this will suggest
leaders’ self-efficacy. There are different strong indications and this is crucial for the leaders
across the organizations to thrive. The trust of the different supervisors on the subordinates
will assist in the mixed method approach that will help in analyzing the different theory and
practice.
The mixed theory approach will help the company in analyzing the leadership
development tool as this will help the company in managing the effectiveness of the
organizations and the employees in the organization as well.

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Answer to Question 7
Implications of Different Theories on Leaders
There are various types of theories on leadership that have been discussed in the
article that has been provided. Furthermore, the main theory is the substantive theory that
helps in building the leadership coaching as the essential development tools. The recent kind
of development in the essential leadership theory has assisted in suggesting that the
leaderships is analyzed and this is produced by the relational processes as well. The different
kinds of implications of the relational theory have been discussed in the article that includes
and offers the view of the leadership that is the mutual type of influential process that the
leaders require to maintain with their subordinates in an effective manner. The theory has
helped in suggesting that the leaders need to have confidence on the subordinates while they
are performing different kinds of objectives and tasks effectively. This will lead to optimal
functioning of gaining high quality work from their subordinates and this maintains proper
subordinate and manager relationship as well (Smith 2015).
The self-efficacy related theory is essential in nature as this links with the trust that is
required to be attained by the managers on their subordinates and this will maintain proper
relationship in the entire organization as well. The main and major objective of the entire
article and study is the contribution of the substantive theory on the building of leadership
coaching as one of the major development tools (Mertens 2014).
The major development in the theory is that the different leadership theory process is
helpful and is being enabled in nature by various relational processes as well. The leadership
self-efficacy is essential and important in nature in different organizations as this helps in
performing the various activities with proper confidence and motivation. The competence of
the subordinates can be attained and gained by the leaders only through proper motivation
and having confidence among them as well.

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Lewis (2015) has stated that the various kinds of studies related to trust helps in
reducing the various risks involved in the organization that is faced by the managers along
with the subordinates in maintaining proper kind of relationship with the others working in
the respective team. Proper motivation is required to be provided to the various employees
working in the organization as these assists in analyzing the positive outcomes in the
organization effectively. Lastly, the literature review has helped in suggesting that propensity
of the leaders is essential in nature as this will helps in analyzing the outcomes effectively.
Answer to Question 8
Critique of the Different Outcomes in Research
There is different critique of the outcomes that have been found in the article which is
based on the developmental tool of the leadership. Furthermore, the respective study helps in
providing entire knowledge that is based on both formative kind of evaluation that is
necessary in nature as the development tools (Day et al. 2014). Furthermore, the formative
and summative kind of assessments have helped in analyzing the main strength of the entire
study in an effective manner. The basic strength of the entire study is lies in the entire usage
of the different mixed research design that comprises of both qualitative and quantitative
methods or techniques which helps in providing various opportunities for the expansion along
with development.
The appropriate combination of the various data has provided with clear picture on
various effects of leadership coaching as one of the essential leadership development tools.
The different researchers have helped in analyzing the potential limitations in an effective
manner. The most important challenges that the coaching studies was regarding possibility of
the biasness of selection. The previous studies have helped in understanding that the entire

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findings have been generalized and this will motivate for leader development as well
(D’Innocenzo et al. 2016).
The main aim of the study was towards the contribution for development of the team
and these assists in developing importance of the participation of the employees for making
different kind of decisions effectively. The entire study was conducted with the main
objective for entire development of team and this analyses participation of employees in
analyzing making and analyzing decisions efficiently. The study was conducted in Norway
and this implied the culture specific kind of attitude that is discussed in the article.
Furthermore, the entire design of the entire study was prepared in a respective manner that
was not being compatible in nature in other countries. Furthermore, there are different
national and cultural differences that are difficult to handle in different situations in various
situations.
It has been seen that the entire design of the study has been made in such a manner
that there are differences in various parts of the world and this is difficult in handling the
differences in an effective manner. Lastly, the main limitations of the study were mainly due
to the different kinds of cultural differences that can affect the different perceptions of the
individuals in the different organizations.

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References
Creswell, J.W. and Creswell, J.D., 2017. Research design: Qualitative, quantitative, and
mixed methods approaches. Sage publications.
Creswell, J.W., 2014. A concise introduction to mixed methods research. Sage Publications.
D’Innocenzo, L., Mathieu, J.E. and Kukenberger, M.R., 2016. A meta-analysis of different
forms of shared leadership–team performance relations. Journal of Management, 42(7),
pp.1964-1991.
Day, D.V., Fleenor, J.W., Atwater, L.E., Sturm, R.E. and McKee, R.A., 2014. Advances in
leader and leadership development: A review of 25 years of research and theory. The
Leadership Quarterly, 25(1), pp.63-82.
Lewis, S., 2015. Qualitative inquiry and research design: Choosing among five
approaches. Health promotion practice, 16(4), pp.473-475.
Mayoh, J. and Onwuegbuzie, A.J., 2015. Toward a conceptualization of mixed methods
phenomenological research. Journal of mixed methods research, 9(1), pp.91-107.
McCleskey, J.A., 2014. Situational, transformational, and transactional leadership and
leadership development. Journal of Business Studies Quarterly, 5(4), p.117.
Mertens, D.M., 2014. Research and evaluation in education and psychology: Integrating
diversity with quantitative, qualitative, and mixed methods. Sage publications.
Northouse, P.G., 2018. Leadership: Theory and practice. Sage publications.
Smith, J.A. ed., 2015. Qualitative psychology: A practical guide to research methods. Sage.