Management and Operations Report: Leaders, Managers, and Strategies

This report delves into the realms of management and leadership, exploring the distinct roles and characteristics of managers and leaders within an organizational context, using Tesco as a case study. It investigates the application of leadership and managerial functions in diverse situational contexts, with a focus on situational leadership. The report discusses various leadership theories and models, including system, contingency, and situational leadership. Key approaches in operation management are described, along with the roles of managers and leaders. Furthermore, it emphasizes the significance and value of business operations in achieving organizational goals. Finally, the report evaluates the impact of different factors in the business environment on operational management and decision-making processes, providing a comprehensive overview of the interplay between leadership, management, and the external environment.

Management and Operations
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Contents
INTRODUCTION...........................................................................................................................3
TASKS.............................................................................................................................................3
P1 define and comparison between the roles and characteristic of manager and leader.............3
P2 Investigate the example that how role of leader and function manager apply in the different
situational context........................................................................................................................5
P3 Discuss about the different theories and models of approach applicable which including
system, contingency and situational leadership...........................................................................5
P4 Describe about the key approach in the operation management and determine role of
management and leaders..............................................................................................................7
P5 discuss about the significance and values of business operations that achieve business goals
or objectives.................................................................................................................................8
P6 Evaluate about the different factor in business environment that impact on the operational
management and decision making of manager and leaders.......................................................10
CONCLUSION..............................................................................................................................11
REFERENCES..............................................................................................................................12
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INTRODUCTION
Operation management is a type of process that applicable in the business practises to create
high level of business growth in global marketplace. It is mainly focused on the converting raw
materials, goods and services which are efficiently increase profitability of organization. TESCO
is based on the multinational groceries and merchandise retailer that provide various type of
product and services in global marketplace. It was founded in 1919 by jack Cohen. He was group
of stall markets.
This report will discuss about the manager and leader, who are having different role or
characteristics in the organization. it will investigate about the role of leader and function of
manager that applied in business operations and function. It will describe key approach in
business operation management and also identify the specific role of leaders or managers. At
last, it will evaluate the various factors in organizational environment which impact on the
operational management and decision making.
TASKS
P1 define and comparison between the roles and characteristic of manager and leader.
Leader: Leader is a person that can influence group of people towards their specific goals and
achievement. It is one of person who always convince other staff members and give direction
related business development (Ding, 2019).
Manger: it is one of important part of organization that responsible to handle managerial
functions. they are having prime duties to maintain coordination between employee in
organization.
Role of leaders
The most fundamental role of leader, which define the organizational goals and formulate
specific plans and organize people to achieve their objectives. There are common roles played in
organization.
 Vision: it is important role of leader that define the purpose of new features which added
in the product and services. In this way, it can easily find new market and adoption of
new modern technology. Leader who only see what are scope of specific vision in
TESCO. As per experience, his vision has been changed according to market trends.
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 Strategy: it is another role of leader to formulate the strategies and develop an
appropriate strategy that help to achieve goals and objectives. In TESCO, leaders are
implementing the strategy for increasing the business performance and efficiency.
Characteristic of leader
 Confidence: An effective leader always maintains their confidence level and also taking
own decisions or qualities (Qin and et.al., 2019). In TESCO, leader plays important role
in business so that it required to maintain confidence during client meeting and so on.
 Commitment and passion: it is another acceptable characteristics of leaders, they
always committed towards the organization and inspire their staff members towards
organizational goals and objectives.
 Communication: A good leader have an efficient communication skill that interact with
other people and share information about vision or give an idea how to implement the
strategy. communication power always motivates the people and make them unthinkable.
Role of manager
 Supporting problem solution: it is important role of manager to support leaders in
organization regarding decision-making. They provide an idea about the business and
how strategy suitable for running operations. In TESCO, manager plays important role to
handle decision making process and control entire business operations.
 Monitoring performance: In TESCO, manager is performed the role to monitor
activities of employee and identifies that how they can achieve their goals and objectives.
It should analysis performance on day to day.
Characteristic of manager
 Interpersonal skill: manager having interpersonal skill so as they actively participate in
every business event. They provide own idea about business growth and development
(Shyamal and Swartz, 2019).
 Communication: It is also important characteristics of manager in Tesco, where they are
communicating with other leaders, staff members for identifying their own opinion about
organizational goals.
 Time management: it is another best characteristic that available in a good manager
where they can easily manage all type of business operations and function on time.
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M1 Difference between Leader and Manager
Leader Manager
 Leader is mainly creating the specific
visions.
 Managers create specific goals.
 It will change the agents.  It always tries to maintain status of
overall business operations and
functions.
 Leaders are in it for long haul.  Manager thinks in short term.
 A good leader always builds
relationships.
 Managers build system and overall
processes.
Table:1
Conclusion
In above discussion, it can be determined the about the manager and leader, who are
having different role or characteristics in the organization. It has summarised to investigate about
the role of leader and function of manager that applied in business operations and function.
References
Ding, Y., 2019. Risk management in operation and maintenance for offshore wind farm.
Qin, S. and et.al., 2019. Applying big data analytics to monitor tourist flow for the scenic area
operation management. Discrete Dynamics in Nature and Society. 2019.
Shyamal, S. and Swartz, C.L., 2019. Real-time energy management for electric arc furnace
operation. Journal of Process Control. 74. pp.50-62.
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TASK 2
P2 Investigate the example that how role of leader and function manager apply in the different
situational context.
In TESCO, managers and leaders are responsible for various functions of business such as
organising, planning, staffing, communicating, directing and coordinating etc. these are
important role plays in organization for achieving specific goals and objectives. In context of
situational, it can be applied the situational leadership style in organization as per situation.
Leaders are needed to know that how react in different type of situation and condition. It also
managing all types of conflicts within team members.
The role of leader is that influence the other team members towards business goals and
planning an effective strategy for business development (Wu and Duan, 2019). For Example- in
marks and spencer, leader always influence the other members regarding for target completion
within specific deadline but at that time, it has increased the situation of conflicts between
employees. At that moment, leader play important role by using situation leadership that help for
communicating with every staff member and identifies reason of conflicts. In this way,
situational leadership will help for handle any type of situation effectively and efficiently.
In TECO, the primary function of manager is to provide guidance, direction and
organising the meeting to interact with every employee. They also performed different role to
monitor activities of staff members. For Example- In Sansbury’s, manager is mainly performed
specific task in the organization to interact with each employee and find their own opinion
regarding innovative idea of business development but sometimes, it occurs inequality situation
in Tesco between employee at that time manager will perform specific function by using
situational leadership style to provide equal right of employee so as they can improve
discrimination.
P3 Discuss about the different theories and models of approach applicable which including
system, contingency and situational leadership.
There are various types of leadership theories will be described such as behavioural
leadership theories, contingency and situational. The primary aim is to provide board overview
about the leadership and how it can be analysed the measurement behaviour and demonstrate in
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the model of development. it can be divided into three different types of leaderships that would
be discussed in below:
System Leadership:
It is defined the collaborative leaderships at workplace where people in various place
which creates share endeavour and also significantly change the organizations. System
leadership theory is based on the process that must adopted by leaders in TESCO where it is just
opposite to control and command (Morken and et.al., 2019). This leadership will help for leaders
in Tesco for achieving success within single limited project but it has required to implement
significant changes in the business operations and function. In tesco, leader must create trust
worthy relationship with other and working beyond the boundaries of higher authorities in
particular situation.
Contingency Leadership:
It is a type of leadership that mainly affects on the leader’s role and behaviour. This type
of theory is emphasizing that effectiveness of leadership which dependent on the matching
leader’s style to right situations. In this leadership, it has not required to match the situation but
understand the own effectiveness that lead to control overall business situation (Zhaim, 2019). In
tesco, an effective leader always contingent on the leadership style, while matching with
situation and don’t adopting. His/her attributed match with the situation and environment to
resolve problem or achieve organizational goals.
Situational Leadership:
Situational leadership is based on theory that mainly refers to those leaders who always
adopt leadership style as per situation in Tesco. It also adopted for improvement level of
development of each staff members. It is an effective leadership style that help for identifying
need and set up beneficial balance of entire organization. In Tesco, leaders are mainly focused on
the specific business operations and functions (Xing and et.al., 2019). it always tries to find the
solution where how to established and improve quality of services. In this type of situation
leadership theory adopted during task execution and their supportive behaviour inspire team
members to establish coordination for achieving goals and objectives. For example – in marks
and spencer, A leader must determine strength and weakness of direct reports, As per situation, it
allows to bring out skills of every employees.
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M3 Strength and weaknesses of different approaches to situations within business environment.
Strength:
 It useful for business to recognize the requirement for flexibility.
 It also creates a comfortable environment for employees.
 The situation leadership will increase awareness of leader.
Weakness
 This type of situational approach is mainly focused on the long-term needs which
immediately take actions.
 It is becoming challenging to handle the entire business activities as per situations.
 Sometimes, it doesn’t provide the accurate information for leaders within business
environment.
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TASK 3
Covered in ppt
TASK 4
P6 Evaluate about the different factor in business environment that impact on the operational
management and decision making of manager and leaders.
The organizational environment is denoting with the external and internal environment factors
that always influence manager and leaders in terms of decision making. It is an essential for
tesco to maintain their organizational culture and environment because it helps to increase
productivity where employee will put extra efforts in their specific goals and objectives.
Political
Political factor plays significant role in identifying the factors that directly impact on
tesco for long terms profitability within certain market. It is operating the retail business in other
countries and also expose its political environment. sometimes, it will increase risk in business
related legal issues, level of corruptions etc. in this way, decision of manager and leader impact
on decision making when they will establish good relationship with stakeholder to maintain
confliction between people and also encouraging that meet the expectations.
Economic
Tesco mainly used the nation’s economic factor in terms of inflation, growth rate where
spend investment in the business productions. It is also forecasting the growth of trajectory.
Manager and leaders are used this factor to analyse exchange rate, stability in the currency of
country, infrastructure of retail business etc. these are important parameter in context of
economic which are depended on the decision of manager and leaders when how to develop
strategy for implementing in decision making.
Social
The factor is based on the society and its culture that impact on the culture of tesco in
environment. populations play significant role in marketers at tesco will understand the need of
customers and how manager design the marketing message of customers. It should essential for
manager and leaders having corporate social responsibilities towards the employees, consumers
because they are interacting towards the good and services so as it gives proper information and
treat like positive manner.
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Technological
It is an advancement of modern technology that would increase speed of organization.
tesco is also used technology innovative in business operations for improving quality of services
because slow speed will take more time while fast speed of modern technological disruption that
may give a tesco little time to acquire profitability. The factor impacts on cost structure, value
chain infrastructure, product offering etc. these types of decisions would made by manager and
leader by using new technology in tesco.
Environmental
In global markets, there are various types of standards and norms which impact on the
profitability of tesco in markets. Even within a nation often have variety of environment law,
liability legislation. Tesco should carefully evaluate and follow environmental standards in
proper manner that are essential to operates in marketplace. In this way, it impacts on the
decision making of managers and leaders. they always considered the environment pollution,
waste management and use renewable energy.
Legal
Legal framework is an essential framework that help to protect the intellectual property of
employee in tesco because there are many theft stolen secrets of company which affects on the
business growth and development. in tesco, manager and leaders always maintained ethical and
moral value at workplace. All type of decision making under legalises circumstances.
Business environment and Business Ethic
TESCO is mainly implementing the business ethics in the form of applied and professional
ethics.it useful for examine the moral and principles which can increase issues in the business
environment. In this way, it has required to implement ethical concepts to create better
connection with stakeholders in organization.
CSR
Corporate social responsibility is a based on the international private enterprises self-
regulation which primary aim is to contribute towards societal objectives. In Tesco, every
employee should know about their own social responsibilities which provide equal right of
worker within organization. In order to understand about the corporate social responsibility
where stakeholders are suppliers, employees, owners and political groups. The stakeholders
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always build a relationship with the other worker to improve quality of business processes in
global marketplace.
Sustainability
It is a great approach in business for creating the long-term value by taking into
consideration where how Tesco operates in terms of social, economic and ecological
environment. Tesco must use in the business to built assumption that developing strategies for
growth and development.
Difference between intrapreneurship and entrepreneurship
Intrapreneurship Entrepreneurship
 It is based on the entrepreneurship
within an existing organization.
 It is based on the dynamic process for
creating the incremental growth.
 It helps to improve the competitive
strength in marketplace
 It helping to innovate something new in
socio-economic values.
 It directly participation which are more
than the delegation of higher authority
 There direct participation within
innovation process in organization.
Table:2
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CONCLUSION
In above discussion, it can be concluded that Operation management is the sequential
process that can manage and control the overall business practises, which developed business
growth in global marketplace. In this report, it has been summarised the specific role or
characteristics of manager, leader in the organization. it can be determined the function of
manager that applied in business operations and function. Furthermore, it is described about
different types of models and theories that use in the business according to the situations. It can
be identified the key approach in business operation management and also identify the specific
role of leaders or managers. it mainly evaluating the various factors in organizational
environment which impact on the operational management and decision making.
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